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href='http://www.yishupeixun.net/aihao/shoucang/'>收藏</a> > <span>如何鑒別瓦當(dāng)?shù)恼鎮(zhèn)?/span> </div> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="ar_con_nr"> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="con_l fl"> <article class="ar_con bg louti"> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="ar_title"> <h1>如何鑒別瓦當(dāng)?shù)恼鎮(zhèn)?/h1> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="ar_title_b"> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="sub_title clear"> <span id="e286xo47mbob" class="sp2 c6 fl">時間：<time class="fxtime">2016-04-01 13:35:40</time></span> <span id="e286xo47mbob" class="sp1 c6 fl"><em id="zuozhe" class="noshow">曹欣</em><em class="user_id noshow">732</em>由 <em class="nickname"></em> 分享</span> <span id="e286xo47mbob" class="fl arc_btn"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="y_ju"><script type="text/javascript">a("title");</script></div> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="con_article con_main" id="contentText"> <p>如何鑒別瓦當(dāng)?shù)恼鎮(zhèn)?/p><p> 　　瓦當(dāng)收藏的興起使得贗品大量出現(xiàn)，作偽水平也越來越高。主要以偽造文字和圖像瓦當(dāng)為主。今天學(xué)習(xí)啦小編就來給大家介紹一下瓦當(dāng)?shù)闹饕b別方法。</p><p><strong>　　市場上瓦當(dāng)?shù)姆缕?/strong></p><p> 　　市場上主要有三種仿品：</p><p> 　　第一種瓦當(dāng)?shù)耐呤钦娴?，在素面瓦?dāng)上進(jìn)行手工刻制，刻好后在面上涂一層泥，再把泥做舊，這種仿品顯得線條生硬、呆板;</p><p> 　　第二種是根據(jù)出土的具有收藏價值的瓦當(dāng)來仿作，首先新刻模具，然后燒制、做舊，這種仿品比較新，有切割的痕跡，還有土銹，用水一沖就看得出來;第三種是用各種殘片拼接，拼出一種特殊的圖案，仔細(xì)觀察就會發(fā)現(xiàn)有粘貼的痕跡，沒有真品自然流暢。</p><p> 　　秦漢瓦當(dāng)是重要文化遺產(chǎn)，宋代以來逐漸為世人所重，清代金石家著重研究上面的文字。收藏瓦當(dāng)?shù)娘L(fēng)氣越來越盛，戰(zhàn)國秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)某鐾烈苍絹碓蕉啵缕贩N瓦當(dāng)不斷出現(xiàn)，秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)氖袌鰞r格也越來越高，瓦當(dāng)原品越來越少，于是瓦當(dāng)作偽也越來越多，水平越來越高。鑒別需要注意以下問題：</p><p> 　　1.文字和圖像瓦當(dāng)?shù)氖袌鰞r值高，收藏者多，而一般圖案瓦當(dāng)不受歡迎，所以偽品大多數(shù)是文字和動物等圖形瓦當(dāng)。見到這類希奇稀有的瓦當(dāng)就要特別注意。</p><p> 　　2.假瓦當(dāng)都是用黃土像燒磚一樣做成，再涂上泥土，就像是出土的一樣，一般市場上的販子不會讓買者清洗，因?yàn)橐幌凑嫦喈吢丁?/p><p> 　　3.瓦當(dāng)只是整個瓦的頭部，所以真瓦當(dāng)背面往往有長短不一的筒瓦殘存，假瓦當(dāng)便多無筒瓦殘存。也出現(xiàn)有這方面作偽的，大多數(shù)十分拙劣，應(yīng)該注意的有殘斷痕跡是否自然，簡瓦背印下的布紋等。</p><p> 　　4.也有作偽者用真的圖案瓦當(dāng)，如較廉價的漢代云紋瓦當(dāng)作偽，在種瓦當(dāng)三五十元可得，而文字瓦要超過百元。方法是先將真瓦的圖案鏟去，再用水泥仔細(xì)模仿稀少的文字瓦當(dāng)上的文字，制造完后再涂抹泥漿掩蓋作舊。以便使得買家上當(dāng)。鑒別方法是仔細(xì)分辯文字，作偽文字寫法多有問題。還有就是洗去瓦當(dāng)上的泥土，水泥和原漢代瓦當(dāng)?shù)某噬?、質(zhì)地差別就清楚了。</p><p><strong>　　瓦當(dāng)?shù)囊话汨b別方法</strong></p><p> 　　一看顏色，時代早的瓦當(dāng)，如秦瓦當(dāng)是青灰色的，漢瓦當(dāng)是淺灰色的，顏色由深變淺。</p><p> 　　二看制作方法，西漢中期以前，大部分瓦當(dāng)是手工制作的，有手工拿捏的痕跡(尤其是瓦當(dāng)?shù)漠?dāng)面)。到西漢中期，瓦當(dāng)主要是輪制的，有輪旋的紋式，很像象形文。</p><p> 　　三看繩紋粗細(xì)，也就是看瓦當(dāng)所連后面的瓦的繩紋粗細(xì)，一般繩紋又細(xì)又直或者細(xì)直交替的多是秦代的;繩紋直而且粗的多為漢代的。</p><p><strong>　　秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)蔫b別方法</strong></p><p> 　　秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)臏Y源關(guān)系秦統(tǒng)一六國后，統(tǒng)治者大興土木，營建宮殿廟宇以及陵墓寢堂的現(xiàn)象蔚然成風(fēng)，因此，使用瓦當(dāng)十分普遍。</p><p> 　　當(dāng)時對瓦當(dāng)?shù)闹谱飨喈?dāng)講究，可謂精益求精，同時也促使瓦當(dāng)?shù)膱D案裝飾形成了自己獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。它一方面繼承了春秋戰(zhàn)國以來寫實(shí)的藝術(shù)手法和明快樸素的特征，另一方面又打破了當(dāng)時僵化的形式及圖案上表現(xiàn)恐怖氣氛的風(fēng)格，故秦瓦當(dāng)在圖案紋飾以及題材方面都有所創(chuàng)新。如屬于動物紋的有鹿紋、獾紋、獸紋、豹紋、龍虎紋等;屬于禽鳥紋的有燕紋、鳳紋、飛鴻紋等;屬于昆蟲紋的有蜂紋、蟬紋、蝴蝶紋等;屬于植物紋的有蔓草紋、樹紋、荷花紋等，可謂種類繁多。漢代前期仍繼續(xù)沿用秦瓦當(dāng)?shù)男沃坪图y飾，但在繼承秦瓦當(dāng)?shù)膫鹘y(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上又出現(xiàn)了文字瓦當(dāng)，從而成為當(dāng)時一大特征。如屬于建筑物專用的有“長樂未央”(系甘泉宮用瓦)，“上林”(系林苑用瓦)，“左戈”、“右空”(系官署用瓦)等;屬于陵墓建筑用瓦有“萬歲冢當(dāng)”、“長陵瓦當(dāng)”、“來谷宮當(dāng)”等;屬于頌揚(yáng)吉祥語的有“漢并天下”、“千秋萬歲”、“延年益壽”、“長樂無極”、“億年無疆”等，可謂豐富多彩、異彩紛呈。</p><p> 　　在工藝上，秦代多采用先制好當(dāng)心，再以泥條盤筑法在當(dāng)心周圍筑起圓筒瓦，在瓦當(dāng)背用手覆泥壓抹，使其緊密結(jié)合，然后在泥坯未開時，用竹刀或繩子切去一半筒瓦而成瓦當(dāng)，這種工藝較為麻煩，而且很難達(dá)到規(guī)整;而漢代瓦當(dāng)多采用整個當(dāng)面一次范成，然后續(xù)接已制好的筒瓦，無需切割，瓦當(dāng)背平整，不留痕跡，邊輪也較規(guī)整，這也是秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)囊粋€明顯區(qū)別，藏友在收藏投資時一定要多加留意。</p><p> 　　秦漢瓦當(dāng)?shù)膮^(qū)別在形制上，秦瓦當(dāng)多為圓形，而且其瓦當(dāng)面徑較小，邊輪也不太規(guī)則，瓦當(dāng)?shù)谋趁娌粔蚱秸?/p><p> 　　在制作過程中，有著明顯的旋切痕跡，瓦當(dāng)?shù)某噬郧嗷疑珵橹?而漢代瓦當(dāng)除有圓形外，還有半圓形，瓦當(dāng)?shù)拿鎻接兴哟?，邊輪較為規(guī)整，且邊棱較寬，大多數(shù)瓦當(dāng)中央還有圓乳，而且均為模制，瓦當(dāng)?shù)某噬酁闇\灰色。</p> </div> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="y_ju"><script type="text/javascript">a("conten");</script></div> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="pnum"> <ul id="page_slice"> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="clear"></div> </ul> </div> </article> <div id="e286xo47mbob" class="list_hot ar_related bj_mt20 louti"> <h4 class="title2 title2_te">相關(guān)文章</h4> <ul class="bj_mt20"> <li id="e286xo47mbob" class="lb_3 chao"> <time>12-30</time> <a href="http://www.yishupeixun.net/diannao/yingjian/xianshiqi/11778.html" title="怎么鑒別電腦顯示器的好壞" target="_blank">怎么鑒別電腦顯示器的好壞</a> </li> <li id="e286xo47mbob" class="lb_3 chao"> <time>08-03</time> <a href="http://www.yishupeixun.net/yisi/3904600.html" title="神經(jīng)源性膀胱的名詞解釋_病因_臨床表現(xiàn)_鑒別診斷_治療方法" target="_blank">神經(jīng)源性膀胱的名詞解釋_病因_臨床表現(xiàn)_鑒別診斷_治療方法</a> </li> <li id="e286xo47mbob" class="lb_3 chao"> 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