否定句的使用方法與分類
否定句的使用方法與分類
否定句表示否定的句子，必須有否定詞，那么你對(duì)否定句的用法了解多少呢?以下是由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理關(guān)于否定句的用法的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
否定句的用法
一、動(dòng)詞的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
1.形式上否定主句的謂語(yǔ)，實(shí)際上是否定從句的謂語(yǔ)
當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為沒(méi)有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的否定。表示說(shuō)話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。如：
I think that he will help us.——I don’t think that he will help us. 我認(rèn)為它不會(huì)幫助我們。
I believe that he is right.——I don’t believe that he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。
I suppose that he likes it.——I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜歡它。
2. 形式上否定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，實(shí)際上否定復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)
當(dāng)動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”、“find”的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為沒(méi)有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，它們前面的否定式實(shí)際上是對(duì)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的否定。表示說(shuō)話者所提出的一種委婉的看法或主張。如：
I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)不難。
I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我認(rèn)為這個(gè)故事沒(méi)有趣。
I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我認(rèn)為不會(huì)。
注意：動(dòng)詞“think”、“believe”、“suppose”、“imagine”、“expect”、“feel”在下列情況下，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移：
(1)這些動(dòng)詞跟其他另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞一起做并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他將不會(huì)那樣做。
I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我覺(jué)得并且也承認(rèn)我們并不愚蠢。
(2)用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
Do you think it is not going to rain? 你認(rèn)為天不會(huì)下雨嗎?
Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 難道你不相信他做了一件好事?
(3)用作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不會(huì)生你的氣。
Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想湯姆不會(huì)反對(duì)。
Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我認(rèn)為邁克沒(méi)有看這場(chǎng)電影。
(4)動(dòng)詞前有其他副詞修飾時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的確不認(rèn)為我們有必要去那兒。
I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我強(qiáng)烈地認(rèn)為他不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。
(5)動(dòng)詞為非一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。
I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以為他不會(huì)回來(lái)得這么快。
She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它變成了一個(gè)好孩子。
He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他認(rèn)為他不適合這件工作。
He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我們告訴他的事是真的。
(6)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中含的否定為“not……at all”、“not a little”、“not a few”、“not enough”、“can’t help”等固定搭配時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他對(duì)那一點(diǎn)也不知道。
I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我認(rèn)為如果你想把這門語(yǔ)言學(xué)好，那么只記單詞是不夠的。
I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信當(dāng)你在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得第一名時(shí)你會(huì)情不自禁地唱起國(guó)歌來(lái)。
(7)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中含“no”、“nothing”、“nobody”、“nowhere”、“hardly”、“seldom”、“little”、“few”等否定詞或半否詞時(shí)，否定不轉(zhuǎn)移。如：
I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放棄。
I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我認(rèn)為如果這艘船沉入海底的話，那么誰(shuí)也逃不掉。
I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一個(gè)言語(yǔ)不多的人。
二、語(yǔ)的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
有些句子形式上否定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，實(shí)際上是對(duì)句子后面狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行否定。如：
Let’s not talk about it here. 我們別在這里談吧。
Don’t read in the sun. 不要在陽(yáng)光下看書。
Don’t talk with your mouth full of food. 不要口里含著食物說(shuō)話。
否定句的分類
(1)一般否定句
I don't know this. No news is good news.
There is no person(smoking)/not a person/not any person(smoking)in the house.
(2)特指否定
He went to his office, not to see him.
I am sorry for not coming on time.
I don't think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.
(3)部分否定
All the answers are not right
All is not gold that glitters
I don't know all of them.
I can't see everybody/everything.
Both of them are not right.
(4)全體否定
None of my friends smoke.
I can see nothing/nobody.
Neither of them is right.
Nothing can be so simple as this.
(5)延續(xù)否定
You didn't see him, neither/nor did I.
You don't know, I don't know either.
He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of(更不用說(shuō))French.
(6)半否定句
We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.
I know little English. I saw few people.
(7)雙重否定
You can't make something out of nothing.
What's done cannot be undone.
There is no sweet without sweat.
No gain without pains.
I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it.
No man is so old but(that)he can learn.
(8)排除否定
Everyone is ready except you.
He did nothing but play.
But for your help, I couldn't do it.
(9)加強(qiáng)否定
I won't do it at all.
I can't see it any more.
He is no longer a bo
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