none的用法詳解
none的用法詳解
1. none 與 no one / nobody 及 nothing
no one / nobody 常用來(lái)指人,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式;nothing 常用來(lái)指物,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式;none 可指人也可指物,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),如和 of 連用指不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式;指可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)均可。如:
None of this money belongs to me.
No one likes a person with bad manners.
None of them has / have seen me before.
Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
注意:
1 ) none 可與 of 連用表示范圍,而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 不可。
2 ) none 可用來(lái)回答 How many / much…? 的特殊疑問(wèn)句;而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 則分別用來(lái)回答 Who…? 和 What…? 的特殊疑問(wèn)句。如:
— How many birds are there in the tree?
— None.
— What is in the box?
— Nothing.
— Who is in the classroom?
— No one / Nobody.
3 ) none 可用來(lái)回答“ any + 名詞”構(gòu)成的一般疑問(wèn)句:而 nobody 和 nothing 則分別用來(lái)回答由 anybody 和 anything 構(gòu)成的一般疑問(wèn)句。如:
— Is there any bread left?
— No,none at all.
— Is there anything in the sky?
— No,nothing.
4 ) none 可用來(lái)指代前面提到過(guò)的人或物;如無(wú)指代時(shí)可用 no one / nobody 及 nothing .如:
We had three cats once — none of them is alive now.
2. none 與 not all / all…not
not all / all…not 表示三者或三者以上的部分否定;而 none 表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。如:
Not all ads are good. 并非所有的廣告都好。
3. none but,nobody but 及 nothing but
nobody but 表示單一概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;none but 可指人也可指物,通常指前面提到的同一事物,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式; nothing but 泛指 but 后事物以外的任何事物。如:
Nobody but he is often late for school. 除他以外,沒(méi)有人上學(xué)常遲到。
None but fools have even believed it. 除了傻瓜,沒(méi)有人相信這一點(diǎn)。
There is a variety of fruit, but he chose nothing but an apple.
這兒有很多水果,但他只選了一個(gè)蘋果。
4. 其他用法
1 ) none 可指物質(zhì)名詞或抽象概念,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) have none of ,意為“不允許;不接受;拒絕參加”,常和 will / would 連用,表示意愿。如:
I will have none of your stupid ideas!
2 ) none other than 意為“就是;恰恰是”。如:
The new arrival was none other than the President.