關于duty的用法與搭配結構
1. 表示有責任或義務做某事,其后可接 to do sth 或 of doing sth。如:
A man has a duty to earn money for his family. 男人有掙錢養(yǎng)家的責任。
Every citizen has the duty of defending his country. 每個公民都有保衛(wèi)祖國的責任。
2. 表示“責任”“義務”,視含義的具體或抽象可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如:
Everyone has a duty to his country. 為國效勞,人人有責。
He did it out of a sense of duty. 他做此事是出于一種責任感。
表示作為工作一部分的“職責”或“職務”等,通常用復數(shù)形式。如:
Don’t forget your duties as a soldier. 不要忘記你作為一名戰(zhàn)士的職責。
Your duties include checking the post and distributing it. 你的職責是檢查和發(fā)送郵件。
3. 比較 do duty for sb(代替某人)與 do duty for sth(充當或當作某物用)。如:
He did duty for a sick comrade. 他接替一位患病的同志工作。
An old wooden box did duty for a table. 一個舊木箱子被當作桌子用。
4. 用于 on (off) duty, 意為“值(值)班”“當(不當)班”等(注意不用冠詞)。如:
He goes on duty at 8 am and comes off duty at 5 pm. 他上午8點上班下午5點下班。
The rule is that someone must be on duty at all times. 按照規(guī)定,任何時候均需有人值班。