英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
一、一個(gè)星期七天
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
二、一年十二個(gè)月
January February March April May June
July August September October November December
三、一年四季
1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter
四、容易拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)的數(shù)字
1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5. twentieth第二十
四、親屬稱(chēng)呼
1. daughter (女兒) 2. niece (女性晚輩) 3. nephew (男性晚輩) 4. cousin (同輩兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性長(zhǎng)輩) 6. uncle (男性長(zhǎng)輩)
五、以下動(dòng)詞加-ed或-ing要雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母
1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制
3. admit (admitted, admitting) 承認(rèn) 4. occur(occurred, occurring) 出現(xiàn)
5. prefer (preferred, preferring) 寧愿 6.refer (referred, referring) 提到
7. forget (forgetting ) 忘記 8.permit (permitted, permitting)允許
9. equip (equipped, equipping) 裝備
注意:quarrel,signal, travel中的l可雙寫(xiě)(英國(guó)英語(yǔ))也可不雙寫(xiě)(美國(guó)英語(yǔ))
六、部分過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞
1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播 2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止 4.forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原諒
5. freeze (froze, frozen) 結(jié)冰
6. hang (作“絞死”講,是規(guī)則的;作“懸掛”講,其過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞都是hung)
7. lie –lied –lied 說(shuō)謊; lie—lay---lain躺下 lay-laid- laid放置
8. seek (sought, sought) 尋求 9. shake (shook, shaken) 發(fā)抖
10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌 11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉
12. spread (spread, spread) 傳播 13.swim (swam, swum) 游泳
14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎 16.wear( wore; worn) 穿/戴
17.hold (held, held) 18.make (made, made)
19. keep (kept, kept)
七、意思相近的詞
1. check (核對(duì))/ examine(檢查)/ test(測(cè)試)
2. receive(收到) / accept(接受)
3. destroy (毀壞;毀滅)/ damage(破壞)
4. celebrate(慶祝)/ congratulate(祝賀)
5. wear sth / dress sb 穿衣
八、注意形容詞變名詞時(shí)的拼寫(xiě)變化
1. long—length 長(zhǎng)度 2. wide—width 寬度 3. high—height 高度
4. strong—strength力量
九、以-ic結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)先把-ic變?yōu)?ick,再加ing或ed
1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐
十、個(gè)別名詞的復(fù)數(shù)拼寫(xiě)
1. German (Germans) 德國(guó)人 2. gulf (gulfs) 海灣 3. handkerchief(handkerchiefs) 手帕roof (roofs) 房頂
4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西紅柿) 等有生命的以-o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)要加-es。
十一、注意動(dòng)詞變名詞時(shí)的拼寫(xiě)變化
1. succeed—success成功 2. pronounce—pronunciation 發(fā)音
3. explain—explanation解釋 4.decide—decision 決定
5. enter—entrance進(jìn)入 6.permit—permission 允許
7. consider—consideration 考慮 8. expect—expectation 期待
9. discover—discovery 發(fā)現(xiàn) 10.bury—burial 埋葬
11. conclude—conclusion 得出結(jié)論 12. arrive—arrival 到達(dá)
13. weigh—weight 重量 14. describe—description 描述
15. lose—loss 損失 16.anxious---anxiety 焦慮
十二、注意形容詞變副詞時(shí)的拼寫(xiě)變化
1. beautiful美麗的—beautifully 2. possible可能的—possibly
3. practical實(shí)際的—practically 4. particular特別的—particularly
5. successful成功的—successfully
十三、其它必背單詞
1. abroad 國(guó)外 2. absence n. 缺席 (absentadj.) 3. accept 接受)
4. accident事故 (accidental adj. 偶然的,accidentally adv. 偶然地)
5. achievement成就 (achieve v. 獲得) 6. address地址 7.admire欽佩
8. admit承認(rèn) (admitted) 9.agreement 協(xié)議
10. agriculture農(nóng)業(yè) (agricultural adj. 農(nóng)業(yè)的) industry 工業(yè)(industrial工業(yè)的)
11. altogether總共 12.ancient 古代的
13. announce宣告、通知 announcement ( n. 口頭通知)
14. anxiety 憂(yōu)慮 (anxious adj. 焦急的,anxiously adv. 焦急地)
15. apologize v. 道歉 (apology n. 道歉)
16. appear 出現(xiàn)(appearance 外貌 n.)disappear消失/不見(jiàn)
17. appreciate感激/欣賞 (感激人用thank sb;謝謝某人做的事用appreciate sth.)
18. Asian(亞洲的) 19. assistant 助手
20. astonish吃驚 (astonishment n. 吃驚,astonishing令吃驚的,astonished吃驚的)
21. astronaut 宇航員 22. atmosphere氣氛
23. attempt嘗試 (n / v) attempt to do sth
24. attentively 專(zhuān)心地 25. attention 專(zhuān)心 payattention to doing sth
26. attitude 態(tài)度 27. attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)
28. average平均 / 平均的 on average 平均
30. balance平衡 keep the balance of nature保持生態(tài)平衡
31. beauty 美 (beautiful, beautifully ) beautify美化
32. believe相信 (belief n. 信念,其復(fù)數(shù)是beliefs) 33.beyond超過(guò)
34. biology生物 35. birthday生日
36. bravery 勇敢 brave勇敢的 bravely勇敢地
37.broad寬闊的 38. broadcast廣播(broadcast ; broadcast;)
39. care 關(guān)心 careful 小心的 carefully小心地
40. ceiling天花板 41. cinema電影院
42. celebrate慶祝 43. celebration 慶祝n.
44. century 世紀(jì) 45. challenge 挑戰(zhàn) 46.character 性格
47. charge收費(fèi) be charge of / take charge of 管理…
48. comfort v. & n. 安慰 comfortable 舒適的adj. comfortably adv.舒適地