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學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)大全 > 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全及練習(xí)

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全及練習(xí)

時(shí)間: 桂香1115 分享

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全及練習(xí)

  小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法對(duì)于即將參加升中考的小學(xué)生們來說,是一個(gè)非常重要的知識(shí),那么小學(xué)生們需要復(fù)習(xí)的小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法有那哪些呢?下面由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家整理的小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全及練習(xí),希望大家喜歡!

  小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全及練習(xí)

  一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則

  1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

  2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

  3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

  4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________

  二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹

  【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能

  1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

  2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。

  3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成 1. be動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

  2.行為動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如: We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化

  1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。 否定句:主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

  一般疑問句:Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

  特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike? 2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

  否定句:主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如: I don't like bread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如: He doesn't often play.

  一般疑問句:Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如: - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

  當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如: - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

  特殊疑問句:疑問詞+一般疑問句。如:How does your father go to work? 動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則

  1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

  2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

  3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練

  : 一、 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

  二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

  1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

  2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

  3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

  4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

  6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

  7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

  8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

  9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

  10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

  . 三、按照要求改寫句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) ___________________________________________________

  2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________

  3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句,作肯定回答) _______________________________________________________ ____________________________

  4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________

  5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _______________________________________________________

  五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方,將正確的寫在橫線上)

  1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

  2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

  3. He likes play games after class. __________________

  4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

  5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

  三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

  1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

  2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.

  3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。

  4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。

  5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為: 疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing?

  但疑問詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為: 疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing? 動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

  1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

  2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

  3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí):

  一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞: play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

  二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空:

  1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

  2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

  4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

  5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

  6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

  7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

  8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

  9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

  10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

  三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換:

 ?、埔蓡栐~當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí):疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?

  動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則:

  1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

  2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

  3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

  4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied

  過去時(shí)練習(xí)

  寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

  Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(1)

  一、 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now.

  2. He ________ at the camp last week.

  3. We ________ students two years ago.

  4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

  5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

  6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

  7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

  8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

  二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換

  1. It was exciting. 否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  2. All the students were very excited.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  3. They were in his pocket.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)

  一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

  1. I ______ an English teacher now.

  2. She _______ happy yesterday.

  3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

  4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

  5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.

  6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

  7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..

  8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

  二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

  1. There was a car in front of the house just now.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  三、 中譯英

  1.我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。 ___________________________________________________________

  2.他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。 ___________________________________________________________

  3.一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。 ___________________________________________________________

  行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(1)

  一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

  1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

  2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

  3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.

  4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

  5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

  6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

  7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

  8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.

  二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  2. Nancy went to school early.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  3. We sang some English songs.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑問句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)

  Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

  一、 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

  1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.

  Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.

  2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.

  3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)

  4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.

  6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)

  7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water) 8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.

  9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.

  10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)

  二、中譯英

  1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________

  2. 去年端午節(jié)我們沒去看了龍舟比賽。 _________________________________________________________

  3. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了嗎?不,沒有。 _________________________________________________________

  小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)匯總

  【第一類】名詞類

  1. 這些女老師們?cè)诟墒裁?

  [誤] What are the woman teachers doing?

  [正] What are the women teachers doing?

  [析] 在英語(yǔ)中,當(dāng)一名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾另一名詞(單數(shù))時(shí),作定語(yǔ)的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man, woman作定語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women.

  2. 房間里有多少人?

  [誤] How many peoples are there in the room?

  [正] How many people are there in the room?

  [析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。

  3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。

  [誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

  [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

  [析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí),常用“a / an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu),其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  【第二類】動(dòng)詞類

  4. 你妹妹通常什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?

  [誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

  [正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

  [析] 借助助動(dòng)詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時(shí),句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其原形。

  5. 琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視。

  [誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.

  [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

  [析] 在初一英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)階段,我們接觸到了兩種主要時(shí)態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,若主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式?,F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be(am / is / are)+ving形式構(gòu)成。

  6. 這雙鞋是紅色的。

  [誤] This pair of shoes are red.

  [正] This pair of shoes is red.

  [析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對(duì)的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計(jì)量)修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定。

  【第三類】代詞類

  7. 這張票是她的,不是我的。

  [誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

  [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

  [析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。

  8. 吳老師教我們英語(yǔ)。

  [誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.

  [正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

  [析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的賓語(yǔ),因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式。

  【第四類】介詞類

  9. 你能找到這個(gè)問題的答案嗎?

  [誤] Can you find the answer of this question?

  [正] Can you find the answer to this question?

  [析] 英語(yǔ)中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

  10. 格林先生星期六上午來這里。

  [誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

  [正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

  [析] 表示在上午、下午等時(shí),介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時(shí),介詞要用on.

  11. 那個(gè)穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。

  [誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時(shí),只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法。

  【第五類】副詞類

  12. 莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?

  [誤] Lily, why don’t you go to home?

  [正] Lily, why don’t you go home?

  [析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。

  【第六類】連詞類

  13. 我喜歡語(yǔ)文和英語(yǔ),但我不喜歡體育和歷史。

  [誤] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.

  [正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.

  [析] 在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or。

  【第七類】冠詞類

  [誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

  [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

  [析] 1.表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the + 姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”;

  2.our 一詞的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時(shí)”要用 an hour;

  3.用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí),交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞。

  【第八類】句法類

  15. ――你不是學(xué)生嗎? ――不,我是學(xué)生。

  [誤] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No, I am.

  [正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes, I am.

  [析] 對(duì)否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實(shí)際情況:如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

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