托?？谡Z需要哪些技巧，要注意些什么呢？下面和小編一起看看吧。

托?？谡Z發(fā)音技巧：重讀

　　什么是重讀?

　　重讀是把一個(gè)單詞或詞組里的某個(gè)音節(jié)或句子里的某幾個(gè)音節(jié)讀得重些、強(qiáng)些。

　　單詞的重讀

　　英語的每個(gè)詞，都是由不同音節(jié)構(gòu)成的。讀得重而清楚的音節(jié)，叫做重讀音節(jié)。讀得輕而含糊的音節(jié)，叫做非重讀音節(jié)或輕讀音節(jié)。大家在背記單詞的時(shí)候一定要注意發(fā)音，特別是重音位置。

　　例如：

　　disagree [d?s?'ɡri] (錯(cuò)誤發(fā)音：['d?s?ɡri])

　　economy [?'kɑn?m?] (錯(cuò)誤發(fā)音：[?kɑ'n?m?])

　　origin ['?r?d??n] (錯(cuò)誤發(fā)音：[?'r?d??n])

　　Italy ['?t?l?] (錯(cuò)誤發(fā)音：[??t?l?])

　　單詞重讀有兩條重要法則：

　　一是一個(gè)單詞只有一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀;

　　二是重讀在元音上。

　　注：有些單詞有名詞和動(dòng)詞形式，則遵循“名前動(dòng)后”的原則，比如contact如果是名詞則是 ['kɑnt?kt]，而如果是動(dòng)詞，則是[kɑn't?kt]。

　　短語的重讀

　　1動(dòng)詞短語

　　一般重讀后面的副詞或介詞。

　　例如：go away;break down;take off;pick up;show off

　　2名詞短語

　　在兩個(gè)名詞并列組成的短語中，一般重讀前面的名詞。

　　例如：red house;dining hall;glass bottle

　　3數(shù)字和字母縮寫的重讀

　　一般重讀最后一個(gè)單詞。

　　例如：twenty-eight;2018(two thousand and eighteen);ABC;GPA;FYI

　　句子的重讀

　　在英文的句子里，我們要注意重讀實(shí)詞(content words：傳遞有效信息的詞)，弱讀虛詞(function words)。

　　實(shí)詞的種類：主要?jiǎng)釉~，名詞，形容詞，副詞，否定助動(dòng)詞，wh開頭的詞，感嘆詞。

　　虛詞的種類：代詞，介詞，冠詞，連詞，助動(dòng)詞

　　例如：

　　In the conversation， the woman disagrees with the proposal in the letter.

　　在這句話里面，實(shí)詞為 conversation， woman， disagrees， proposal， letter，其他詞 in the， the， with， the， in the 為虛詞，實(shí)詞表意，所以要重讀。

　　例如：

　　The chocolate is sweet.

　　I don't want to go to the supermarket.

　　What a mess!

　　If you buy a brand new textbook， it can be pretty expensive.

　　但是要注意的是，不同語境下，說話人想傳遞信息的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同時(shí)，句子中重讀的位置也會(huì)有所改變。

　　例如：

　　I will always love you.強(qiáng)調(diào)我，不是別人，會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)愛你。

　　I will always love you. 我會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)愛你，而不是別人

　　托福口語中的六大語法錯(cuò)誤

　　01時(shí)態(tài)

　　時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤可以算語法錯(cuò)誤中最低級而又最不易發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種了。它的低級是因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)是所有考生在筆頭上都已掌握的很好，但一轉(zhuǎn)到口頭上，就很難保持了。

　　請看例子

　　問題：Why did you choose to study that subject?

　　針對這個(gè)問題，可能口語老師會(huì)教你用"the reason why I…is that…"這個(gè)句型來回答。但所有考生在第一次作答時(shí)，基本上都會(huì)忽略所提出問題的時(shí)態(tài)，而在作答時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來回答：The reason why I choose to study this subject is that I am interested in learning it at that time。很顯然，正確的回答應(yīng)該把句中的choose變?yōu)閏hose，is變?yōu)閣as，am也要相應(yīng)的變成was： 如：The reason why I chose to study this subject was that I was interested in learning it at that time.

　　02there be句型與have/has混雜使用

　　這一問題的出現(xiàn)，要?dú)w罪于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的there be句型，如There has been a big change in my hometown.有許多考生在記住這個(gè)句子之后在想表示"有"這個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候都，往往會(huì)把there be與have/has同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中，而句子的含義并非想表達(dá)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：There have many wild animals in my country. 而正確的說法為There are many wild animals in my country.或My country has many wild animals.

　　03形容詞比較級與最高級

　　在形容詞變比較級與最高級時(shí)，只有三個(gè)音節(jié)以上(含三個(gè)音節(jié))的形容詞才需要加more或the most，其他的形容詞都是直接加er或者去y變ier的規(guī)則變化，但是有的考生在作答時(shí)極易忽略該形容詞是否規(guī)則變化，而想當(dāng)然的再三音節(jié)以下的形容詞前加more或the most。如：It's more easy for me to find a job with this major. 而正確的說法為：It's easier for me to find a job with this major.

　　04形容詞ing與ed的區(qū)別

　　你可能可以熟練的背出ing是形容一件事或一種東西，ed是形容人"這一口訣，但是你敢肯定自己在作答中不會(huì)犯這種錯(cuò)誤碼?看以下幾組形容詞：interesting與interested;exciting與excited;surprising與surprised。

　　什么叫形容人?基本上來講，可能出現(xiàn)的情況無非以下兩種：

　　body + be動(dòng)詞 + 以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞 + 介詞 + something 如：I'm surprised about this piece of news.

　　thing make(s) somebody + 以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞 如：This piece of news makes me surprised.

　　什么叫形容一件事或一種東西?也就是：

　　thing + be動(dòng)詞 + 以ing結(jié)尾的形容詞 如：This piece of news is surprising.

　　B.以ing結(jié)尾的形容詞 + 名詞 如：This is a surprising piece of news.

　　05動(dòng)詞短語忽略成分

　　有些動(dòng)詞短語的搭配是固定的，只有把短語完整的說全的情況下才可以接之后的名詞，但許多考生很容易忽視這一點(diǎn)。如：listen to， go to，look forward to， pay attention to等等。所以我們要在練習(xí)中盡可能的回憶當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校課堂上所交的那些口訣，來確保每一個(gè)說出的動(dòng)詞短語不會(huì)遺忘任何成分。

　　06情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后不加動(dòng)詞原形

　　有的考生會(huì)因?yàn)檫^度重視時(shí)態(tài)問題，如一味的想著整個(gè)作答都要基于某種時(shí)態(tài)而忽略情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要加動(dòng)詞原形這一原則。如：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could got a better job after learning that.而正確的說法則是I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could get a better job after learning that.

　　托福口語六大題型答題要點(diǎn)

　　答題要點(diǎn)

　　TASK 1

　　1. 一個(gè)主題句，三點(diǎn)理由，其中一點(diǎn)舉例

　　2. 舉例越具體越好

　　3. 題目分話題準(zhǔn)備，每類話題準(zhǔn)備一個(gè) 45 秒回答(錄音)

　　TASK 2

　　1. 主題句表明傾向性，兩點(diǎn)理由充分陳述

　　2. 其中一點(diǎn)理由加上 A/ B 的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)比較

　　3. 結(jié)尾的 Conclusion sentence 不強(qiáng)求

　　TASK 3

　　1. 針對問題活用三段式的模版，可以從模版第二段開始

　　2. 閱讀段落和聽力段落描述時(shí)間比例約為 1：2

　　3. 半數(shù)問題可能只針對聽力段落提問，回答可不提閱讀段落

　　TASK 4

　　1. 用兩三句話概括閱讀段落大意，重點(diǎn)在聽力段落描述

　　2. 閱讀段落中有提到，但沒有在聽力段落中提到的信息，答題時(shí)可以不說

　　3. 半數(shù)問題可能只針對聽力段落提問，回答可不提閱讀段落，引用概念即可

　　TASK 5

　　1. 前半部分問題的描述盡量使用模版，節(jié)約時(shí)間

　　2. 前半部分陳述問題+描述方案時(shí)做到條理清晰，描述準(zhǔn)確

　　3. 描述個(gè)人傾向意見時(shí)不強(qiáng)求兩條理由，一條充分描述即可

　　TASK 6

　　1. 描述清楚起因，結(jié)果和主要特征最重要

　　2. 兩個(gè)例子或試驗(yàn)分別進(jìn)行描述，說完一個(gè)再說另一個(gè)

　　3. 盡量不要遺漏重要信息，同時(shí)注意不要張冠李戴

　　?？荚掝}

　　1. 描述人物

　　1) What are the characteristics of a good friend? Use reasons and examples to support your responses.

　　答題要點(diǎn)：重要的是描述出 2-3 個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并加上舉例。

　　類似題目：

　　_hat are the characteristics of a good neighbor/ parent/ teacher/ classmate/ roommate?

　　_Describe the characteristics that make a person successful

　　2) Which person has helped you the most to get where you are today， and how has he or she helped you?

　　答題要點(diǎn)：重要的是描述出 2-3 件事情，越具體越好。

　　類似題目：

　　_What person who is alive today would you most like to meet?

　　_Describe a person you admire most and explain why you admire this person?

　　_What famous person would you like to visit for one hour and why?

　　_Describe a person who has influenced you in an important way. Explain why this person has had an effect on your life.

　　2. 描述地點(diǎn)

　　Describe a place where you go for rest and relaxation. Explain why it is a good place for you to relax.

　　答題要點(diǎn)：描述出 3 點(diǎn)左右的理由，如 beautiful scenery， shopping facilities， employment opportunities， easy transportation …

　　類似題目：

　　_If you could live anywhere， where would you live?

　　_Which place in your hometown would you like to take visitors to see and why?

　　_Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important.

　　_What foreign country would you like to visit? Choose a country and explain why you would like to go there.

　　_Describe one thing you would like to improve about your hometown.

　　3. 描述節(jié)日

　　What is your favorite holiday? Use reasons and details to support your response.

　　答題要點(diǎn)：描述出喜歡的理由，如 relax， travel， family reunion， get-together …

　　類似題目：

　　_What is your favorite day of the year?

　　_Describe an event such as a holiday or other occasion that you enjoy celebrating and explain why the event is significant to you.

　　4. 描述工作

　　If you can have any job in the world， what would it be?

　　答題要點(diǎn)：從幾條類似理由中找出容易的描述點(diǎn)，如： Challenging job， decent salary， social status， good reputation， chances for promotions， travel …

　　類似題目：

　　What would be your dream job?

　　5. 描述事件

　　What event in your life made you very happy?

　　答題要點(diǎn)：通過具體例子描述出這件事情的重要性，可選擇描述大學(xué)錄取，獲得重要獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，難忘旅行等，同時(shí)要考慮如果題目讓你描述不好的事情時(shí)怎么說。

　　類似題目：

　　_Describe the most impressive event in your life. _What important lesson have you learned in your life?

　　6. 描述體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

　　What is your favorite game? Describe the game and explain why you like to play it.

　　答題要點(diǎn)：萬能理由五選一：Exercise， relax， make friends， make money， team work， team spirit

　　類似題目：

　　_What is your favorite sport?

　　_What new skill would you like to learn?

　　_What do you do in your spare time?

　　_Explain what you do to relieve stress and why you do it.

　　7. 描述食物

　　What is your favorite food?

　　答題要點(diǎn)：從幾條類似理由中選擇描述：Delicious， nutritious， not expensive， easy to

　　get/prepare， different choices…

　　8. 描述物品

　　Describe an object that is very special in your life

　　答題要點(diǎn)：為什么特殊，可以選擇描述生日禮物，考入大學(xué)/大學(xué)畢業(yè)的獎(jiǎng)品，重要榮譽(yù)/獎(jiǎng)

　　品等

　　9. 描述學(xué)習(xí)

　　_Why you are preparing to take TOEFL?

　　_What do you like/dislike most about learning English?

　　10. 描述人生規(guī)劃

　　What would you like to be professionally in ten years? Use details to support your responses. 其它值得準(zhǔn)備的題目：

　　_What is your favorite book?

　　_What is your favorite movie?

　　口語TASK 2練習(xí)精選

　　校園生活(學(xué)習(xí)類話題)

　　1. Do you prefer to take essay exams or multiple-choice exams?

　　2. Do you prefer to take essay exams or oral presentations?

　　3. Would you prefer to take the TOEFL test or a math test?

　　4. Would you prefer to write a paper by yourself or with a group?

　　5. Sometimes students have to write paper. Sometimes they have to give oral presentations. Which activity do you think is better for students and why? Includes details and examples in your explanation

　　6. Some people prefer to study a little in many subjects， while others prefer to study a single subject in depth. Which do you prefer and why?

　　7. Some students study for classes individually. Others study in groups. Which method of studying do you think is better for students and why?

　　8. In some schools， teachers decide what classes students must take. Other schools allow students to select their own classes. Which system do you think is better and why?

　　9. If your teacher makes a mistake， is it better to correct the teacher or ignore the mistake?

　　10. Do you prefer to be in a large class or a small class?

　　校園生活(非學(xué)習(xí)類話題)

　　1. Some people get up early in the morning and go to bed early at night. Others

　　get up late in the morning and stay up until late at night. Which do you think is

　　better and why?

　　2. Some people prefer to live in the city， and some people prefer to live in

　　the country， which do you prefer and why?

　　3. Some students like to live off campus， like rent an apartment to live in; while others prefer living on campus， like stay in the dormitories. Which would you prefer and why?

　　4. Some people prefer to plan their own trips， while other people prefer to travel

　　on planed tours. Which do you prefer and why?

　　5. Some people take one long vacation each year. Others take several

　　short vacations. Which do you prefer and why?

　　6. Some people like going to large parties where there are many people they do not know. Other people prefer small parties with a few close friends. Which type of party do you prefer and why?

　　7. Some people like going to concerts to hear music played live. Others prefer listening to recorded music. Which musical experience do you think is better and why?

　　8. Some people drive their own car to school or work. Others ride a bus， a train， or other form of public transportation. Which do you think is better and why?

　　9. Some people get most of their news from the radio or television. Others read the newspaper. Which source of news do you think is better and why?

　　10. Some people keep in touch with friends and family members by letter or e-mail. Others keep in touch by telephone. Which method do you prefer to use and why?

　　11. Do you prefer to go out to dinner or stay home and cook a meal?

　　12. Would you prefer to take a trip by plane or by train?

　　其它較難話題

　　1. Is it better to take chances in life or play it safe?

　　2. Do you make decisions quickly or take your time making them?

　　3. Do you think it is better to tell the truth and hurt someone’s feelings or tell a little lie to keep from hurting the person?

　　4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement. All the effects of

　　technology have been positive.

　　5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement. Having a lot of money is very important.

　　6. Some college students choose to take courses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think is better for student and why?

　　7. Some people like going after fashion. Other people don’t. Which do you prefer and why? Include details and examples in your explanation.

　　8. Is it better to have a career that pays a lot of money but keeps you away from your family or a career that does not pay so much but allows you time with your

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