關于進出口貿易英語詞匯(2)
英：
C.W.O.
Cash With Order, the cost of an item must accompany the order.
C.O.D.
Cash On Delivery, the cost of an item will be paid when the item is delivered.
In stock
Goods and materials that a company has available for immediate sale and delivery.
Inventory
The quantity of goods and materials on hand (in stock). Also, a detailed,
itemized list, report, or record of products in a company’s possession, produced
from a survey of all goods and materials in stock.
Backlog
A reserve supply or an accumulation of unfilled orders.
Waybill
A document giving details and instructions relating to a shipment of goods.
Shipping date
The date that an order actually starts moving toward a destination.
Price quote
An officially stated price for goods.
List price
A basic published or advertised price.
Discount
A reduction from the full or standard amount of a list price.
Shipment
Act or instance of shipping goods, or a quantity of goods that are shipped together.
Bill of lading
A document issued by a carrier to a shipper, listing and acknowledging
receipt of goods for transport and specifying terms of delivery.
Invoice
A detailed list of goods shipped or services rendered, with an account of all
costs; an itemized bill.
Receipt
A written acknowledgment that a specified article, sum of money, or shipment of merchandise has been received.
Irrevocable Letter of Credit
Method of payment most commonly used for imports. The exporter is assured payment when they ship the goods, and the importer is assured that the goods have been dispatched according to their instructions.
Shipping documents
Documents that an exporter receives from the shipping company.The following terms are often used for price quotes in foreign trade:
FOB
Free On Board - price includes all costs of goods on a ship or aircraft whose
destination is stated in the contract.
CIF
Price includes Cost, Insurance, Freight to a named port of destination in the
buyer’s country.
CIP
Price includes cost of goods, Carriage (freight), and Insurance Paid by
container to a named destination in the buyer’s country.
擴展：辦公室的日常禮儀
Telephone
電 話
As your company's representative, your phone manners should be impeccable. Too many workers who are abrupt1 on the phone rationalize their behavior by saying it's okay or even expected.
since they're at work, but this isn't true. You are putting across your company's image and should work just as hard at it on the phone as you would in person.
作為公司的代表,你打電話的舉止應該是無可挑剔的。許多在打電話時舉止粗魯?shù)墓ぷ魅藛T給自己的行為找理由，說那是可以接受的，甚至理應如此，因為他們正在工作。但這是說不通的。你實際上是在為公司樹立形象,因此應該就像面見對方一樣盡可能打好電話。
There are several accepted ways to answer a telephone at work. You can simply say “ Hello” or you can say your name, as in “ June Johnson speaking.” You don't need to say the company's name if a receptionist or a secretary has already done so. Try to speak in a pleasant, unrushed voice. If you are rushed and can't talk, it's better to say this and make plans to call back later. Don't rustle2 papers or work while you're speaking on the phone.If you're really too distracted to speak, then reschedule the call.
接工作電話有幾種廣為接受的方式。你可以只說"你好"或說出你的姓名,如"我是瓊·約翰遜。"如果接線員或秘書已經(jīng)說出了公司的名字,你便不必再說。通話時盡量聲音悅耳,不急不躁。如果你手頭正忙無法說話,最好實話實說，告訴對方一會兒再打過去。通話時不要讓紙張瑟瑟作響,也不要邊說邊工作。如果你實在無法集中精神通話,那就安排另外通話的時間。
It's okay and sometimes even necessary to screen your calls. But there's a right and a wrong way to do this. First train your secretary to do it politely. It's better to ask “ May I know who's calling?” than “ Who is this?” or even “ Who's calling?” Second, don't instruct your secretary to say you are out when you are in. It's acceptable to be in but too busy to talk at the moment and it's always better to be honest. Callers sense the difference, and besides, it may not look good if you're always out.
有選擇地接電話是可以的,有時甚至是必要的。但是如何做則有正誤之分。首先訓練你的秘書要有禮貌。最好問"我能問是哪位打來的嗎?"，而不是"誰呀?",更不是"誰在打電話?"。第二,不要教你的秘書在你在的時候說不在。說工作太忙無暇通話是可以接受的--以誠相待永遠是上策。打電話的人能聽出不同,況且,如果你總不在也不太好。
It's rude not to return telephone calls regardless of whom they are from. You might be ignoring a potential customer. Many people today don't bother to return phone calls, and if you work for someone else,it's highly unlikely that such behavior is acceptable. When you do return calls, try to place them yourself. If you must have your secretary make the call, then get on the line immediately. It's not polite to keep someone waiting when you've placed the call.
不回電話是無禮的--不管電話來自何人。你或許會錯過一個可能成為客戶的人。當今許多人不屑回電話,但如果你身為別人的雇員,如此行為恐怕難以接受。當你能夠回電話時,盡量自己做。如果你必須先讓你的秘書代勞,那么應盡快接過電話。如果電話是你打的,讓對方久等是不禮貌的。
Handling Mail
處理信件
Good manners also dictate3 that you handle your mail promptly4 and courteously5. Unless mail is obviously mass-produced, it should be deemed worthy6 of a reply. Most bosses don't like discovering that their employees are unresponsive to business calls and letters.
得體的行為舉止也體現(xiàn)在你能及時有禮貌地處理信件。除非是那些大量散發(fā)的郵件,每一郵件都值得予以回復。許多老板不愿看到他們的雇員對商務電話和信函遲遲不予答復。
Faxes and E-Mail
傳真和電子郵件
The arrival of fax machines and desktop7 computers in most offices has also given rise to a new etiquette8 regarding their use. Never assume that either a fax or e-mail is private. And with that in mind, never send any communication via either method that you wouldn't like to have your boss, or even your entire office, read. Most fax machines are located in public places, so anyone who passes by can read them, and some businesses routinely screen their employees' e-mail. (That's not necessarily polite, but it's easier to keep e-mail impersonal9 than to tell the boss she can't read it.)
傳真機和桌面電腦進入大多數(shù)辦公室以后也產(chǎn)生了一種新的有關使用傳真機和電腦的禮儀。決不要認為傳真或電子郵件是私人的。清楚這點就不要使用它們發(fā)任何你不愿讓老板甚至是整個辦公室都能讀到的信件。大部分傳真機放在公共地點,所以每位經(jīng)過的同事都可以看,而有些公司例行公事地檢查雇員的電子郵件。(那不見得是禮貌之舉,但讓電子郵件成為非私人郵件要比告訴老板請勿閱讀更容易些。)
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