一份滿分的托福聽力筆記是什么樣的?這里正好有一份
托福聽力考試中，要不要記筆記常常讓很多考生糾結(jié)萬分。音頻信息轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，如果做筆記，常常記了上一句，錯(cuò)過下一句;但是如果不記筆記，好像更是「雁過無痕」，什么信息也沒記住。那么，為了取得理想的聽力分?jǐn)?shù)，到底要不要記筆記，又該如何記筆記呢?下文會(huì)為大家提供一個(gè)靠譜的答案。
一份滿分的托福聽力筆記是什么樣的?這里正好有一份~
/ 一定要記筆記 /
具備了一定的聽能基礎(chǔ)之后，建議在聽力訓(xùn)練和考試時(shí)做筆記。這么做的原因，首先取決于聽力的考試特點(diǎn)：
The listening section is divided into 2 separately timed parts. In each part you'll listen to 1 conversation and 2 lectures. You will hear each conversation or lecture only one time.
聽力考試共有兩部分，每部分包含一個(gè)對(duì)話和兩篇演講，且只播放一遍。試想一下，短時(shí)間內(nèi)聽到大量音頻信息(尤其演講部分時(shí)間都在 5 分鐘以上)，如果不嘗試用筆記下來，全靠腦記，幾乎是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的任務(wù)，因?yàn)槿四X的短時(shí)記憶其實(shí)相當(dāng)有限。
另外，其實(shí)托福聽力的 Listening Section Directions 部分也建議，在聽的過程中可以適當(dāng)做筆記，這樣有助于答題：
You may take notes while you listen. You may use your notes to help you answer the questions.
除此之外，記筆記還有利于幫助考生梳理邏輯框架，記錄有效信息和細(xì)節(jié)，避免雖然記住了只言片語卻對(duì)做題沒有幫助的情況出現(xiàn)。
/ 如何記筆記 /
1. 選擇一套順手的筆記符號(hào)系統(tǒng)
很多考生不愿記筆記原因都是擔(dān)心記錄筆記的瞬間會(huì)錯(cuò)過下一句話，這種擔(dān)心不無道理。因此，做筆記前，選擇一套得心應(yīng)手的筆記符號(hào)系統(tǒng)非常必要。
結(jié)合筆記符號(hào)和適當(dāng)縮寫，經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間的筆記訓(xùn)練后，大家會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一旦形成自己的筆記體系之后，記筆記并不耽誤聽和理解，而且能夠有效幫助大家存儲(chǔ)記憶和把握關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
關(guān)于筆記符號(hào)，仁者見仁智者見智，大家完全可以有一套自己的符號(hào)系統(tǒng)，就像從事口譯的高翻們，他們的筆記符號(hào)系統(tǒng)各不相同，但都堅(jiān)守一個(gè)原則，就是高效且易辨識(shí)。
也就是說，你所使用的符號(hào)能夠幫助你高效地進(jìn)行筆記記錄，在回過頭來重新看筆記時(shí)，你能夠一眼反應(yīng)出這些符號(hào)所代表的意思，而沒有任何歧義。
這就要求你在形成自己的符號(hào)體系時(shí)，需要注意以下兩點(diǎn)。
?、?在兩個(gè)能夠表示相同意思的備選符號(hào)中，選擇能夠最快書寫的那個(gè)。(比如用 → 而非 ∵ 表因果)
② 一個(gè)符號(hào)固定地代表一個(gè)明確的意思。
以下是一套比較高效的慣用筆記符號(hào)，大家可結(jié)合自己的習(xí)慣和書寫特點(diǎn)參考使用。
確定筆記符號(hào)系統(tǒng)后，針對(duì)聽力的考查點(diǎn)，具體應(yīng)該記些什么?
2. 有目的地做筆記
聽力部分的筆記，并不是記得越多就越好，對(duì)于一些非重點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)信息，記錄下來作用不大，甚至?xí)速M(fèi)時(shí)間。
因此，知道每個(gè)考試部分應(yīng)該記些什么非常重要。這就需要首先對(duì)聽力考點(diǎn)有一個(gè)基本了解。只有知道聽力考什么以及如何考，才能知道你的目標(biāo)信息在哪里。聽力?？純?nèi)容如下：
?、?明確指出或暗示性的主要觀點(diǎn)和重要細(xì)節(jié)。
?、?特定信息的作用(某一細(xì)節(jié)支持或復(fù)雜環(huán)節(jié)中的一個(gè)重要步驟)。
?、?各部分信息的關(guān)系(比如因果關(guān)系)
④ 作者的表達(dá)方式和目的(比如強(qiáng)調(diào)某一點(diǎn)，表達(dá)同意或者不同意，或者間接地表達(dá)某種意圖)。
⑤ 整合分散信息，并在這些信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行正確推理。
所以，做筆記時(shí)，請(qǐng)大家務(wù)必注意以下關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)：
?、?對(duì)話主題(把握整體方向)
?、?重要細(xì)節(jié)(有些考點(diǎn)會(huì)考查細(xì)節(jié)的把握)
?、?合理的推理(把握說話者的態(tài)度和目的)
?、?邏輯提示詞后面的重點(diǎn)信息(邏輯提示詞 —— 如 but, because ... —— 后面常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)重要考點(diǎn))
需要特別注意的是邏輯提示詞。邏輯提示詞不僅能夠提示各部分信息的關(guān)系，是大家把握文章邏輯脈絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵，而且往往能夠引出重要考點(diǎn)，比如作者態(tài)度、各信息關(guān)系等。
下面的例子節(jié)選自托福 TPO 1 中的聽力部分的一篇對(duì)話，以下筆記供大家參考。
Student: I’m supposed to do a literature review for my psychology course, but I’m … having a hard time finding articles. I don’t even know where to start looking.
Librarian: You said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on …
Student: Dream Interpretation.
...
Librarian: Ok, actually, most of our materialsare available electronicallynow. You can access psychology databases or electronic journals and articles through the library’s computers, and if you want to search by titlewith the word ‘dream’ for example, just type it in and all the articles with ‘dream’ in the title will come up on the screen.
Student: Cool, that’s great! Too bad I cannot do this from home.
Librarian: But you can. All of the library’s databases and electronic sources can be accessed through any computer connected to the university network.
最后，需要提醒廣大考生的是，雖然筆記在聽力考試中能夠起到很好的輔助作用，但是筆記對(duì)考試有幫助的前提永遠(yuǎn)是你首先理解了聽力中所講的內(nèi)容，且抓住了對(duì)話或演講中的要點(diǎn)。
否則，如果沒聽懂原文，只顧著記筆記，雖然記下了大量信息，但都是碎片化的，串聯(lián)不起來，所以仍然不知道這個(gè)材料在說什么。這就得不償失了。此外，在做聽力部分的筆記時(shí)，需力求簡潔，以防記筆記時(shí)錯(cuò)過太多聽力內(nèi)容。
托福聽力題目:學(xué)生網(wǎng)上注冊(cè)學(xué)科
回憶一：學(xué)生想在網(wǎng)上注冊(cè)一個(gè)學(xué)科，但是選擇不了，但是剛開始注冊(cè)中心的人以為她不會(huì)注冊(cè)就告訴她注冊(cè)流程，學(xué)生表示知道怎樣注冊(cè)但是網(wǎng)上不能再選課了;工作人員建議選擇下個(gè)學(xué)期的，因?yàn)檎n滿了;但是學(xué)生表示自己要畢業(yè)了，沒有時(shí)間，另外還要實(shí)習(xí)不能等。工作人員建議先把問題盡量反饋，會(huì)盡力幫助學(xué)生但是不一定能幫上，他有一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)的朋友就是這么解決的。
回憶二：學(xué)生想在網(wǎng)上選擇一個(gè)學(xué)科，但是選擇不了，但是當(dāng)開始注冊(cè)中心的人以為她不會(huì)注冊(cè)就告訴她注冊(cè)流程，學(xué)生表示知道如何注冊(cè)但是網(wǎng)上已經(jīng)不能再選課了;工作人員建議選下個(gè)學(xué)期的，因?yàn)檎n程已滿;但是學(xué)生表示自己即將畢業(yè)，沒有時(shí)間，另外還要實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷也沒有時(shí)間再等了。工作人員建議去找一個(gè)那個(gè)課程的教授，但是學(xué)生說教授在加拿大做研究;工作人員建議先把問題盡量發(fā)聵出來，他會(huì)盡全力去幫忙但是不知道是否可以幫的上，他有一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)的朋友就是這么解決的。
托福備考資料聽力文科段子：傳媒變遷
Moving away from newspapers, let’s now focus on magazines. Now the first magazine was a little periodical called the Review and it was started in London in 1704. It looked a lot like the newspapers of the time, but in terms of its contents it was much different. Newspapers were concerned mainly with news events but the Review focused on important domestic issues of the day, as well as the policies of the government. Now, in England at the time, people could still be thrown in jail for publishing articles that were critical of the king. And that is what happened to Daniel Defoe. He was the outspoken founder of the review. Defoe actually wrote the first issue of the Review from prison. You see, he had been arrested because of his writings that criticized the policies of the Church of England, which was headed by the king. After his release, Defoe continued to produce the Review and the magazine started to appear on a more frequent schedule, about three times a week. It didn’t take long for other magazines to start popping up. In 1709, a magazine called the Tattler began publication. This new magazine contained a mixture of news, poetry, political analysis and philosophical essays.
托福備考資料聽力文科段子：電影藝術(shù)
To get us started this semester I am going to spend the first two classes giving you background lectures about some basic cinematic concepts. Once you are a little more familiar with basic film terminology, we will be ready to look at the history of movies in the United States. You’ll be expected to attend showing of films on Tuesday evenings at 7 o’clock in Jennings Auditorium. That’s our lab. Then during our Wednesday seminar, we’ll discuss in depth the movie we saw the night before. We are not covering silent films in this course. We will begin with the first talking motion picture, The Jazz Singer, released in 1927. The next week, we’ll be looking at The Gold Diggers of 1933, a piece that is very representative of the escapist trend in films released during the depression. Some of the films we will be watching will probably be new to you, like Frank Capra’s Why We Fight. Others you might have already seen on TV like Rebel without A Cause starring James Deane, or Stanley Cooper’s Doctor’s Strange Love. However, I hope you see even familiar film with new eye. In the last three weeks of the course, we will be watching films from the 1980s and you’ll choose one of them as a subject for an extensive written critique. We’ll talk more about the requirements of the critique later in this semester.
一份滿分的托福聽力筆記是什么樣的?這里正好有一份相關(guān)文章：
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★ 托福聽力備考時(shí)要如何記筆記才會(huì)快一點(diǎn)?
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