關(guān)于英語里賓語從句的用法

　　賓語從句，是名詞性從句的一種。在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語，位于及物動詞、介詞或復(fù)合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句。同學(xué)們有沒有掌握呢?如果有不懂的要抓緊哦。接下來小編在這里給大家?guī)碣e語從句的用法，我們一起來看看吧!

　　賓語從句用法

　　1概念

　　假如一個句子作謂語動詞的賓語的話，我們把這個賓語叫做賓語從句。

　　賓語從句的完整結(jié)構(gòu)是“主句+引導(dǎo)詞+從句”。

　　Eg: He said that he visit his teacher last year

　　2引導(dǎo)詞

　　通常引導(dǎo)陳述句的引導(dǎo)詞是“that”

　　引導(dǎo)一般疑問句的引導(dǎo)詞是“if”和“whether”

　　引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句的引導(dǎo)詞則是眾多的特殊疑問代詞或疑問副詞, what who when 等。

　　Eg: He asked me if (whether) I was a teacher.

　　直接引語變成賓語從句

　　直接引語：直接引用別人說的話

　　間接引語：轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)別人說的話

　　直接引語變成賓語從句，如果冒號，引號里是陳述句形式，要用“that”引導(dǎo)，同時從句中的人稱，時態(tài)，指示代詞，地點狀語等都要發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。

　　3人稱的變化：遵循一主二賓三不變

　　"一主"是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化。

　　如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go withher.

　　"二賓"是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱?；虮坏诙朔Q所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱。如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then

　　"三不變"是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。

　　如：Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker

　　4時態(tài)變化(從句的時態(tài)向前倒一個時態(tài))

　　一般現(xiàn)在時——一般過去時

　　一般過去時——現(xiàn)在完成時

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時——過去進(jìn)行時

　　一般將來時——過去將來時

　　現(xiàn)在完成時——過去完成時

　　過去完成時——過去完成時

　　Eg: She said. "I have lost a pen."

　　→She said she had lost a pen現(xiàn)在完成時——過去完成時

　　She said. "He will go to see his friend".

　　→She said he would go to see his friend一般將來時——過去將來時

　　但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。

　　1.直接引語是客觀真理。(地球圍著太陽公轉(zhuǎn)，月亮影響潮汐)

　　"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.

　　→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。

　　2.直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時，時態(tài)不變。如：

　　Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John

　　where he was going when he met him in the street。

　　3.直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：

　　Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 21,1980。

　　4.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如：

　　He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

　　5.如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例：ought to， had better, used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，(例：could, should, would, might)不再變。如：

　　Peter said. "You had better come here today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。

　　5狀語變化

　　直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時間狀語由"現(xiàn)在"改為"原來"(例：now變?yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)?the day before，地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語，由"此"改為"彼"(例：this 改為that),

　　如：He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his

　　this——that

　　these——those

　　now——then

　　today——that day

　　yesterday——the day before

　　yesterday morning——the morning before

　　the day before yesterday——two days before

　　tomorrow——the next/follow day

　　tomorrow evening——the next/follow evening

　　this week——that week

　　last week——the week before

　　here——there

　　come——go

　　bring——take

　　6變句型

　　1.直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：She said, "Our bus will

　　arrive in five minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

　　2.直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.

　　"You have finished the homework, haven't you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

　　"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" he asked.→He asked me if I went to school by busor by bike.

　　3.直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。

　　She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

　　Eg: I don't know whom you should depend on.

　　4.直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

　　如："Don't make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not tomake any noise. "

　　Bring me a cup of tea, please," she said.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

　　5.直接引語如果是以"Let's"開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用"suggest "

　　如：He said, "Let's go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.

　　或: He suggested that they should go to see the film.

　　賓語從句的例句

　　一、十句賓語從句例句：

　　I think you are great.我認(rèn)為你很棒。

　　I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的。

　　I guess he is Jack.我猜他是杰克。

　　I know there is a supermarket near here.我知道附近有超市。

　　I wonder if there is a WC near here.我想知道附近有沒有廁所

　　I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道還會不會有公家車。

　　I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你該依靠誰。

　　The book will show you what the best CEOs know.這本書會告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解些什么。

　　Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示給我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎?

　　Do you know who has won this game?你知道誰贏了這一局游戲嗎?

　　二、十個定語從句例句：

　　He is the man who gave me money. 他是給我錢的那個人。

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去忙。

　　Beijing is the place whereI was born.北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

　　This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.這是我去年去過的山村。

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想見你的人嗎?

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

　　I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.我想要一間開窗可見海的房間。

　　Have you got the postcard(which) I sent you?你收到我寄給你的明信片了嗎?

　　擴(kuò)展資料

　　復(fù)合句(Compound Sentence)分為并列復(fù)合句和主從或從屬復(fù)合句，并列復(fù)合句是有并列連詞：

　　and、or、but連接;從屬復(fù)合句由一個主句(Principal Clause)和一個或一個以上的從句

　　(Subordinate Clause)構(gòu)成。用疑問詞作引導(dǎo)詞，主句是全句的主體，通?？梢元毩⒋嬖?從句則是

　　一個句子成分，不能獨立存在。從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分，就像一個句子一

　　樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個關(guān)聯(lián)詞(conjunction)引導(dǎo)。 根據(jù)引導(dǎo)從句功能不同，大致可分

　　為：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、定語從句、狀語從句等。