關(guān)于英語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，對(duì)過(guò)去的某一點(diǎn)造成的某種影響或是結(jié)果。那么你們了解嗎?有沒(méi)有掌握呢?接下來(lái)小編在這里給大家?guī)?lái)英語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法，我們一起來(lái)看看吧!

　　英語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”;也可以指過(guò)去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)刻。這里的過(guò)去時(shí)間可以用某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示，也可以通過(guò)上下文表示。

　　1. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，也有可能早已結(jié)束或完成。例如：

　　When he was in Beijing, he visited places where he had played as a child. 他在北京的時(shí)候游覽了他兒時(shí)曾玩過(guò)的地方。

　　2. 表示一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作先于另一過(guò)去的動(dòng)作的用法，這種情況多見(jiàn)于賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：

　　He remembered that he had left the key at home. 他記得他把鑰匙落家了。

　　3. 表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到這一過(guò)去時(shí)間，而且到那時(shí)還未結(jié)束，仍有繼續(xù)下去的可能性。例如：

　　By seven o’clock the worker had worked for ten hours. 到七點(diǎn)鐘為止，那位工人已經(jīng)工作十個(gè)小時(shí)了。

　　4. 表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“原本……，未能……”。例如：

　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.我們本希望你能來(lái)，但是你沒(méi)來(lái)。

　　5. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：

　　(1) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)都可以和確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但意思有明顯區(qū)別。試比較：

　　He had finished his homework by eight. 他到八點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了。

　　He finished his homework at eight. 他在八點(diǎn)鐘完成了家庭作業(yè)。

　　(2) 用在賓語(yǔ)從句中，主句謂語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，既可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，也可用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。但兩種時(shí)態(tài)的意義明顯不同。試比較：

　　He said he was a soldier. 他說(shuō)他是位軍人。

　　He said he had been a soldier. 他說(shuō)他曾當(dāng)過(guò)兵。

　　(3) 在含有before的主從復(fù)合句中，一般情況下，在從句中使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：

　　Jack had finished his homework before he went out shopping. 杰克在購(gòu)物前已經(jīng)完成了他的家庭作業(yè)。

　　注：before本身就能明確地表示時(shí)間的先后關(guān)系，故多數(shù)主從句均使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而無(wú)需使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：

　　Some people left for home before the film ended. 電影尚未放完，有些人就起身回家了。

　　英語(yǔ)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的例句

　　1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

　　2. The children ran away because they had broken the window.

　　2. By the time he was twenty, he had written five novels.

　　3. How many English songs had you learnt by the end of last term?

　　4. As soon as the sun had set, we returned to our hotel.

　　5. How long had Brown lived in the south before he came here?

　　6. When he had eaten his lunch he asked for a glass of water.

　　7. I hadn’t understood the problem until the teacher explained it.

　　8. They had just got home when it began to rain.

　　9. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.

　　10. He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.

　　11. Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine

　　12. I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.

　　13. I returned the book that I had borrowed.

　　14. I met Tom yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.

　　15. I thought I had sent the letter a week before.

　　16. When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.

　　17. We had hoped to be able to come and see you, but you were not at home.

　　18. It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.

　　19. We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

　　20. They had planted six hundred trees by last Wednesday.