托福閱讀資料匯總
托福閱讀離不開多加練習(xí)，下面小編就提供一些托福閱讀資料給大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。
托福閱讀資料：相由心生
“相由心生”是一句成語(yǔ)，那究竟是不是這么回事呢，科學(xué)家們研究表明這種說(shuō)法是有根據(jù)的，可以成立的。所以說(shuō)我們的祖先們是多么的睿智!下面我們來(lái)看這篇托福閱讀練習(xí)。
If you exhibit positive traits such as honesty and helpfulness, the chances are that you will be perceived as a good looking person, for a new study has found that the perception of physical attractiveness is influenced by a person's personality.
The study, led by Gary W. Lewandowski, Jr, found that people who exhibit negative traits, such as unfairness and rudeness, appear to be less physically attractive to observers.
In the study, the participants viewed photographs of opposite-sex individuals and rated them for attractiveness before and after being provided with information on personality traits.
After personality information was received, participants also rated the desirability of each individual as a friend and as a dating partner.
Information on personality was found to significantly alter perceived desirability, showing that cognitive processes modify judgments of attractiveness.
"Perceiving a person as having a desirable personality makes the person more suitable in general as a close relationship partner of any kind," said Lewandowski.
The findings show that a positive personality leads to greater desirability as a friend, which leads to greater desirability as a romantic partner and, ultimately, to being viewed as more physically attractive.
The findings remained consistent regardless of how "attractive" the individual was initially perceived to be, or of the participants' current relationship status or commitment level with a partner.
What would you think of this lady's physical attractiveness if she exhibited bad personal traits?
"This research provides a more positive alternative by reminding people that personality goes a long way toward determining your attractiveness; it can even change people's impressions of how good looking you are," said Lewandowski.
如果你表現(xiàn)出誠(chéng)實(shí)和樂(lè)于助人等美好品質(zhì)，那么別人會(huì)覺(jué)得你的外表也很迷人。一項(xiàng)最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)人的性格會(huì)影響別人對(duì)他或她的外表吸引力的看法。
該項(xiàng)由蓋里·W·勒萬(wàn)多維斯基負(fù)責(zé)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們認(rèn)為，表現(xiàn)出不誠(chéng)實(shí)和粗魯?shù)葠毫悠焚|(zhì)的人外表也不夠吸引人。
研究對(duì)象首先觀看了一組異性的照片，隨后分別在得知照片中人物的性格特點(diǎn)之前和之后給他們的外表評(píng)分。
研究對(duì)象在得知照片中人物的性格特點(diǎn)后，還對(duì)與其中每個(gè)人交朋友或做戀人的期望值進(jìn)行了評(píng)分。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，有關(guān)人物性格特點(diǎn)的信息大大改變了之前的喜好度評(píng)分，研究對(duì)象的認(rèn)知過(guò)程改變了他們對(duì)照片中人物外表的評(píng)價(jià)。
勒萬(wàn)多維斯基說(shuō)：“總的來(lái)說(shuō)，如果人們認(rèn)為一個(gè)人的性格較好，那么他們會(huì)覺(jué)得無(wú)論與這個(gè)人做朋友還是做戀人都更合適?！?/p>
研究結(jié)果表明，人們更期望與性格較好的人交朋友、成為戀人，從而會(huì)認(rèn)為他們的外表更迷人。
無(wú)論照片中人物給人的“第一印象”怎樣、或者研究對(duì)象目前的情感關(guān)系狀況以及與伴侶的親密程度如何，研究結(jié)果都是一致的。
勒萬(wàn)多維斯基說(shuō)：“該研究提出了一個(gè)更為積極的觀點(diǎn)，它提醒人們，性格在很大程度上能決定你的吸引力;性格甚至能夠改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)于你外表的印象。”
托福閱讀資料：開車太慢也危險(xiǎn)
開車慢點(diǎn)就一定安全么?答案是不一定。今天的新托福閱讀特訓(xùn)資料我們就來(lái)聊聊慢速開車的危害。
Slow drivers 'are among most dangerous on roads' and cause crashe.
慢速前行的司機(jī)是道路上最危險(xiǎn)的因素之一并且會(huì)容易引發(fā)撞車事故。
Slow drivers are one of the biggest dangers on the road and should be treated like speeders, a report says.
一篇報(bào)道稱：慢性子司機(jī)是道路上最危險(xiǎn)的因素之一，也必須像處理超速者一樣對(duì)待。
Nearly a third of motorists have had a 'near miss' caused by someone travelling slowly.
將近三分之一的司機(jī)由于慢速司機(jī)差點(diǎn)出了車禍。
These drivers create such frustration that six out of ten motorists feel stress rise and about half are tempted to 'undertake'.
這些司機(jī)會(huì)產(chǎn)生這樣的沮喪感，十分之六的司機(jī)會(huì)感到壓力上升，有一半司機(jī)試圖嘗試去“接受”。
It has led to calls for a crackdown on slow drivers including the setting of minimum limits or even ‘slow speed’ cameras.
它呼吁打擊慢行司機(jī)，包括調(diào)到最低速度的人或者甚至是慢速的“照相機(jī)”。
Transport Department figures show 143 accidents a year are caused directly by slow drivers.
交通部門的數(shù)據(jù)表明每年有143個(gè)事故是直接由慢行司機(jī)引起的。
The report notes: ’In reaction to these slow drivers, almost half (45%) of motorists risk overtaking, thus increasing the chances of an accident.
這篇報(bào)道指出：“對(duì)于這些慢行司機(jī)，幾乎45%的司機(jī)會(huì)冒險(xiǎn)超車，這反而增加了發(fā)生事故的概率?！?/p>
'Although minimum speed limits are enforced on some UK motorways, there are few preventative measures that are used widely.'
盡管一些英國(guó)高速公路上執(zhí)行著最低車速限制，但并沒(méi)有一些廣泛使用的保護(hù)措施。
In 2011 the government introduced a scheme which allows for ￡100 on-the-spot fine for careless driving-including those that drive too slow, though there is little evidence of this being taken seriously by the authorities.
在2011年，政府出臺(tái)了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，對(duì)不小心駕駛的司機(jī)允許收取100英鎊的罰款，這其中也包括駕駛速度過(guò)慢的司機(jī)，盡管有很小的跡象表示當(dāng)局會(huì)正式的執(zhí)行這個(gè)計(jì)劃。
More than a quarter (27 per cent) of drivers questioned want an explicit ‘ slow lane’ on roads to combat slow drivers.
超過(guò)四分之一(27%)的司機(jī)質(zhì)問(wèn)需要一個(gè)明確的慢車道來(lái)打擊這些慢行司機(jī)。
Hot-spots for low middle lane hogs include the main A3 road between Surrey and Hampshire and the capital.
設(shè)置中低速的車道的熱點(diǎn)地帶，包括A3薩里和新罕布什爾州和首都之間的主要公路。
以上就是今天的托福閱讀材料，每天做幾篇閱讀，堅(jiān)持下來(lái)，一定會(huì)有不小的進(jìn)步，閱讀的同時(shí)不要忘記，積累陌生詞匯與優(yōu)秀的句子，以便考試的時(shí)候能派上用場(chǎng)，英語(yǔ)不是一朝一夕的事，所以大家一定要勤加練習(xí)。
托福閱讀資料：近半英國(guó)女性后悔讀大學(xué)
Vicky Tuck: 'I believe women should only go to university if they have a genuine interest in learning'.
Young women are losing faith in the university system with nearly half believing it is not worth getting a degree.
Tuition fees and little chance of landinga good job make higher education an unattractive prospect for them, a study suggests.
It found that nearly half of female graduates would not go to university if they had the chance again.
The research will cause concern because it was carried out before the Government announced that fees will almost treble to ā9,000 in 2012.
The findings have prompted warnings that a generation of ambitious young women will miss out on a high-flyingcareer and the opportunity to continue their education.
Louise Court, editor of Cosmopolitan magazine, which conducted the survey, said young women seem to think university ‘a(chǎn) waste of time’.
‘It’s never been harder to be a young woman with ambition,’ she said. ‘Understandably, women are angry and frustrated about their future and this is having a damaging affect on their self-esteem.
The survey of 1,353 women also looked at the career prospects and financial outlook for women in 2011.
Two thirds of those questioned said they thought it would be ‘a(chǎn)lmost impossible’ to get their dream job and a quarter were unable to follow their preferred career.
Only 14 per cent said they felt safe from the sack.
And the financial situation for graduates was especially bad, with half saying they had so much student debt they could not save.
The same proportion believed they faced worse financial hardship than their parents.
One in seven women said they had been forced to postpone getting married because a wedding would be too expensive.
And more than one in six admitted that financial constraints had made them postpone trying to start a family.
Vicky Tuck, a campaigner for women’s education and former head of Cheltenham Ladies College, said: ‘The rise in fees is going to make a lot of people reflect on why they are going to university.
‘Before the introduction of fees it was not an automatic assumption that a degree would lead to a good job. It is only recently that we have seen that relationship.
‘I believe that women should only go to university if they have a genuine interest in learning, a precious opportunity. If they go purely to get a job, many will be disappointed.’
托福閱讀資料 Music and Verbal Memory
Even if you haven’t touched a piano in years, if you suffered through music lessons as a kid you may have benefited from those lessons in ways you wouldn’t expect. When you train on a musical instrument your brain is stimulated and changes and develops as a result. Because the parts of the brain are interconnected this stimulation doesn’t affect musical ability only.
Psychologists have discovered that the stimulation musical training enacts on the left temporal region of your brain enhances verbal memory. People with musical training are significantly better at recalling words from a list and learning new words. What’s more, the longer the duration of musical training, the better the verbal memory.
So while children who study music for two years demonstrate better verbal memory than children who have not studied music, children who continue to study music
continue to improve their verbal memory. The good news for those of us who trained on musical instruments but quit at some point is that we don’t seem to lose the verbal benefits we gain from this training.
Scientists are particularly interested in what this suggests about the interconnectedness of the brain and thus the predictability of the effects of stimulation to a brain area on cognitive functions located in that area. Further research may lead to developments in cognitive rehabilitation for people with brain injuries. For example, in order to rebuild verbal memory in patients with injury to that part of the brain, doctors may prescribe music lessons.
托福閱讀資料 Exercise keeps you younger
Exercise may hold the key to youth, according to a study published on Monday which showed people who keep fit are up to nine years biologically younger than those who do not.
The findings are the first to show in humans how keeping fit affects the ageing process.
The study of 2,401 twins found that a sedentary lifestyle raises the risk of a range of problems from heart disease to cancer and appears to play a key role in the ageing process.
It all appears to boil down to the length of structures called telomeres -- which protect the DNA on the chromosomes, the researchers from King's College London wrote in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
Many studies have shown telomeres get shorter over time, suggesting the cells are ageing or dying. The study, which extracted a DNA sample from their volunteers, found people who exercised more each week had longer telomeres.
Exercise lowers the risk of a range of problems such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer, the researchers said.
"It is not just walking around the block. It is really working up a sweat," said Tim Spector, a genetic epidemiologist who led the study, in a telephone interview.
The study found people who exercised vigorously 3 hours each week had longer telomeres and they were 9 years biologically younger than people who did under 15 minutes.
Spector's team, who also adjusted for body weight, smoking, economic status and physical activity at work, also said moderate exercise for 1-1/2 hours each week provided a four-year advantage.
Studying twins also provided a unique opportunity to gauge the effects of exercise on people with the same or similar genetic make-up, the researchers said.
The reason why exercise has this effect is not clear but the researchers said they believe physical activity somehow defends against the natural process called oxidative stress, which damages and kills cells.
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