2020年6月4&5日托福寫作機經預測
有參加6月4日和5日托福考試的同學，針對寫作部分，大家在最后的沖刺階段，可以重點來備考托福寫作的小范圍機經，這些為大家劃出了重要的寫作題目，可以幫助大家在考前更好的備考托福寫作考試，具體的這次的機經預測題目內容是什么，如何更好的練習備考呢？
2020年6月4日托福寫作機經預測
1. Doing which activity do you think can help you to strengthen the friendship between you and your friend?
1) having a good time together with your friend
2) solving your friend's problem with him or her
A friend is always easy to lose than to make and the maintaining of friendship requires one’s efforts. Sharing both his happiness and pain is necessary. Comparing sharing a good time with my friend and trying to offer help when he is in trouble, I believe the latter one is more vital for a long-lasting friendship.
Basically, during problems solving, one’s qualities and personalities can be exposed more clearly and thoroughly. The confirmation of such information of a friend is the prerequisite to last the relationship. Whether a friend is willing to give a hand is the very first consideration. If he stand by sincerely, then he is a loyal friend. But if he stops at the first step, the he can be the so-called friends. Then when he tries to offer help, whether his advice can catch the point would also influence one’s evaluation on friendship. If so, the friend can be considered intelligent and reliable and naturally, the friendship will be remained with great care. But if not so, when I encounter some problems next time, I may feel reluctant to turn to him. So it is during this process that we can find the shinning qualities of a TRUE friend and maintain the friendship. However, if we just idling some happy time with friends, like hanging out, watching a moving or having fun at parties, it is unlikely that we can know his real qualities and appreciate them. Not to mention that a true friend can be made and a loyal friendship can be lasted.
Furthermore, the trust built during the process of solving problems together is unavailable from just enjoying a happy time. It is commonly acknowledged that mutual trust is an indispensable ingredient for a firm relationship, and friendship is no exception. As is mentioned above, by the behaviour of help and consolation, we can judge if the friend is a trustworthy one. After this verification, we tend to believe in him more and support him more when he falls into troubles. In this way, a virtuous circle can be formed and the friendship can be lasted. By contrast, if we just kill happy time together, and no profound conversation is proceeded, the friendship is just like a tree without roots.
Admittedly, enjoying happy time together from now and then is also helpful for maintaining friendship. As there are not always troubles that require suggestions or support from each other, if problems solving is the main reason we keep in touch, then rarely will we be in contact. To make it up, sharing a relaxing time together with no concern occasionally can be a good trick.
In conclusion, although sharing happy time together can provide more opportunities to remain friendship, supporting and consoling a friend when he is in need play a more profound role to remain and even reinforce the friendship owing to the virtuous qualities confirmation and mutual trust construction.
2020年6月5日托福寫作機經預測
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Physical exercise is more important to older people than to younger people.
Recently, there is a new issue brought into our attention, that is whether the elder people or younger people need more physical exercise. As far as I am concerned, I support the idea that physical exercise is more imperative to younger people.
Firstly, for younger people, physical exercise, serves a good way to release pressure in order to gain health benefit and life balance. Due to the rapid development of society and fast work rhythm, younger people have always been exposed to great pressure either at work or study. Work tasks have to be completed within short period of time, while all sorts of information and data have to be dealt with. As a result, young people easily live with tension and fatigue, physically and mentally. Therefore, the young people need to find a good way to relax themselves, and physical exercise comes as a superior option, since there are great variety of physical exercises to choose, and many of them do not require much time and space. When a bad mood haunts you, simple physical exercises, like yoga and jogging, can ease the pressure very quickly. More importantly, your mindset will be fully restored and regenerated, thus naturally leading to a positive attitude and high energy level. As the old saying goes: “Physical revolution is the capital.” Indeed, the younger people play a very important role in the society, such as raising the child, taking care of the old and paying tax to support the entire social system. So, for the country to have a prosperous future, the young people, as the main workforce of society, are expected to maintain a healthy and balanced lifestyle.
What’s more, physical exercise contributes to the younger’s self-development and personality shaping. Since the social competition is fierce, young people have all the reasons to achieve in-depth and comprehensive development in competitiveness. Physical exercise, such as playing basketball and playing football, involves multiple team activities, which emphasizes heavily on teamwork, communication skills, coordination ability and organization capacity. So, not only can it help tone the body and firm up muscles, but also can make young people learn how to become an excellent team member and master more soft skills. Whenever conflicts happen in the workplace or other situation, young people with better team spirit and soft skills will definitely cope with the issue in a better way, and become a stand-out by leading the team to a positive decision. Besides, soft skills will empower you to gain more resources, such as having new friends and expanding social network, which are quite crucial in both job market and social life.
Admittedly, physical exercise contributes to the older people’s health and prevent diseases, and it is an economical way for government to lower the administrative cost and maintain a good social stabilization. However, when it comes to physical exercise, older people have to be very cautious about the form of exercise to avoid unnecessary body damage. Besides, there are always other ways for the elderly to achieve health benefit. So physical exercise acts more like an easily-replaceable choice instead of “a must”.
Overall speaking, it is s more important for younger people to develop a habit of doing physical exercise. Because there’s simply no better way to bring such benefits as mentioned, while there are many choices laid ahead of old people to keep a balanced life.
如何科學地背托福單詞
1. 怎樣才算掌握一個托福單詞?
答案： 看到或聽到時能知道意思、其次知道用法。
多數(shù)人印象中學單詞僅包括單詞的拼寫和意思，但其實學單詞還包含讀音、搭配、文風、隱含義等多個方面。
比如kid這個詞，除了要知道其做名詞時可以表示“小孩”之外，還應知道這是一種非?？谡Z化的說法。在四六級、托福、雅思作文里一般是不能用的。再比如precipitate一詞，除了要知道其作動詞表示“促成，使突然發(fā)生”之外，還應知道這個詞后面只能接負面詞匯。
需要注意的是，因為閱讀和聽力中的單詞要遠多于口語和寫作中用到的單詞，因此大多單詞只需要知道詞形和意思就夠了?？紤]到學習單詞的用法比學習其意思要難得多，所以學習單詞還是應該重點學習意思，有需要的時候再去學習用法。
2. 背托福單詞表(也包括單詞書和單詞卡片等)和通過大量閱讀來記單詞，哪個效果更好?
答案： 初級階段背單詞表，高級階段大量閱讀。
這兩種方法各有優(yōu)劣：背單詞表的優(yōu)勢在于效率極高，可以在短時間內學會大量單詞，但缺點是絕大多數(shù)情況下只能學到單詞的詞形和意思，而很難學到用法。大量閱讀則正好相反，雖然可以學到用法等更全面的詞匯知識，但學習效率低。
首先，一個單詞通常需要記很多次才能記住，看一次就能記住是不可能的。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀后立即測試的話，在閱讀中出現(xiàn)過15次以上的生詞，學習者可以掌握72%;三個月后這一數(shù)字下降到38%。而對于出現(xiàn)次數(shù)低于15次的生詞，學會并長期記住的可能性幾乎為零。
3. 背托福單詞用什么方法效果最好?
答案： 要反復復習，對于同一個單詞的復習應有一定時間間隔，且該間隔要逐漸延長。
第一，想記住單詞必須要大量復習。但凡背過單詞的人應該對此都有體會：單詞記一遍要不了幾分鐘就會忘，即使再認真、再全神貫注，兩三天之后頂多就能記得“這個單詞我背過”，意思完全想不起來。而只有來來回回反復復習過的或者平時經常會用到的(也相當于是復習)單詞才會長期記住。
第二，對于同一個單詞而言，每次復習之間應有一定的間隔，不應連續(xù)不停地復習。比如把abandon(“放棄”)這個詞看5次的話，不應該連續(xù)不停地看“abandon，放棄”看五次，而是應該看一次“abandon，放棄”之后先去背別的單詞，過一會再回來看一遍“abandon，放棄”，然后再去背別的單詞或者休息一會，然后再回來看一遍“abandon，放棄”，重復五次。但是很多中國同學恰恰喜歡連續(xù)不斷地看一個單詞看很久，這其實是一種非常低效的學習方法。這是因為：所有對比有間隔復習和連續(xù)復習的實驗研究都發(fā)現(xiàn)信息記憶上前者帶來的學習效果要壓倒性地好于后者 。
第三，對于同一個單詞的復習時間間隔最好逐漸延長。比如一個單詞背過后第5分鐘復習了第一次的話，第二次復習可以安排在30分鐘左右，第三次復習安排在第二天，第四次第四或第五天，等等。
但在具體何時應該在何時復習之前學過的單詞這一問題上，人們目前還無法給出明確的答案，因為很多因素都會影響理論上的最優(yōu)復習時間，如單詞本身難度、學習者的英語水平、甚至最終進行測試的時間。不過只要復習時間不是過短的話(少于一秒，大致相當于連續(xù)不停地反復復習)或過長(超過一個月，大致相當于等到一整本單詞書全背完一遍再去從第一頁開始復習)，最后都可以帶來比較理想的學習效果。
所以在安排復習時并不需要過分執(zhí)著于理論上最優(yōu)的復習間隔，差不多就行。實際的復習安排也可以根據記憶情況隨時調整，如記得牢的單詞可以適當延長復習的間隔，而記得不牢的單詞則相應地應該復習更頻繁一些。
4. 網上流傳的艾賓浩斯記憶法靠譜嗎?
答案:靠譜。
德國心理學家艾賓浩斯是最早對人類記憶進行系統(tǒng)性研究的人。其最有名的貢獻為“遺忘曲線”：艾賓浩斯發(fā)現(xiàn)人在學到某信息后，初期遺忘得最快，隨后遺忘速度會越來越慢，于是如果在平面直角坐標系上以x軸表示時間，y軸表示還能記住的信息百分比的話，可以得到一條初期驟然下降，然后逐漸平緩且不斷趨近x軸的曲線。這條曲線后來被稱為“艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線”。
此外艾賓浩斯還初步發(fā)現(xiàn)：在對同一信息復習次數(shù)相同的情況下，將這些復習分成一個個有間隔的組，比堆到一起無間隔復習的效果要好。
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