關(guān)于人工智能的托福作文解析及范文
人工智能是研究、開(kāi)發(fā)用于模擬、延伸和擴(kuò)展人的智能的理論、方法、技術(shù)及應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的一門(mén)新的技術(shù)科學(xué)。那么考生們知道關(guān)于人工智能的托福作文該如何寫(xiě)嗎?一起來(lái)看。
關(guān)于人工智能的托福作文
People do not always act how economists assume they behave, but a computer controlled agent could act how economists assume people behave, if programmed to do so, in which case all rules of economic theory would work.
This means three things. First, the behavior of artificial intelligence agents that behave under the assumptions made in economic theory can be predicted by economic theory. Second, one can test how well artificial intelligence agents do the things economists assume people do. Thirdly, artificial intelligence agents that behave under the assumptions made in economic theory can be used to do calculations of math relating to economic theory.
Of course, one must wonder why this is important. It is good to be able to predict what a group of AI agents will do. It is also good to be able to use this information in order to test how well the agents work. The final fact is particularly interesting however. We can do relatively hard math problems relatively quickly using artificial intelligence agents. By quickly, I mean the Big-O of the program is polynomial as opposed to exponential. There are many math problems out there that the best algorithms known take exponential time. This method allows us to get fairly exact answers in polynomial time.
The question arises if this is really doing math. The answer to this question is not that simple. At the very least, the end result will be a very good approximation. Economists make up a bunch of rules the same way mathematicians do, and they often provide some kind of backing of these rules the same way mathematicians prove their statements. So, if we were to create a model that followed all the assumptions of economics, then we would be doing math. Many assumptions leave room for gray area, however. Economists often make statements that assume enough time or a large enough population. Of course, it is difficult to say how much is enough. So, many people would consider these methods to result in approximations, but these approximations are not only going to be as accurate as anyone would need, but they will also be done relatively quickly.
人工智能的利弊托福作文
For centuries, people have fantasized that someday machines could have intelligence like mankind and work as faithful servants. Today this dream has come true in many fields thanks to rapid development in artificial intelligence research. Wonderful as this seems, machines have problems.
To begin with, people lose jobs when machines take their places, especially in the mass production industry such as automobile business. In factories of the famous car company Ford, almost every step of car making is done by giant robots that work faster with higher reliability and precision than human labor. Because of the adoption of robots, thousands of workers are put out of their old jobs and forced to make changes in their work. Even such changes create job opportunities because robots need people to take care of and operate, the number of new jobs is much smaller than that of lost, thus causing huge pressure on the labor market and government.
People become less smart because of the wide use of machines in their life.Nowadays people need to use their brain less than they did in the past.Everything is programmed and the only thing we need to do is to push a button or throw on a switch. This has given us great convenience but made us lazier and less smart. Everyone has the awkward moment troubling with the spelling of a simple word when writing with a pen. But with a computer, it will automatically proofread the spelling and grammar of your writing. So people become less concerned with learning things right. This is not a progress but a regress of our intelligence and culture.
But machines have many benefits that nobody can deny such as great work efficiency and low cost of mass production. The workload that could take months to finish by manual labor could be done flawlessly by robots in minutes. We have more purchasing power to enjoy a wider variety of goods and services because of the reduction of production costs with factories using machines. Other benefits include that machines could do dangerous jobs for people in high risk businesses like mining and construction.
To conclude, machines have many merits that make our life easier and more convenient, but they have caused many problems such as undercutting our job opportunities and over dependence on machines.
人工智能托福寫(xiě)作素材
1 to unleash mass unemployment 導(dǎo)致大量的失業(yè)
不同的人對(duì)于機(jī)器人技術(shù)(robotics)及人工智能(artificial intelligence)是利是弊一直各執(zhí)一詞，爭(zhēng)論不休。反對(duì)者反對(duì)機(jī)器人技術(shù)(robotics)及人工智能(artificial intelligence)的一個(gè)主要原因就是其會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量的失業(yè)(tounleash mass unemployment)。而大規(guī)模的失業(yè)(mass unemployment)使得大量勞動(dòng)力(labor force)無(wú)事可做，從而會(huì)影響社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定( to take a heavy toll on social stability)。
2 to outperform 超越
然而支持者們卻認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)如今機(jī)器能夠在幾乎所有任務(wù)上超越人類(machines are able to outperform humans at almost any task),所以機(jī)器人技術(shù)(robotics)及人工智能(artificialintelligence)把人們從繁重的工作中解放了出來(lái)，提高了工作效率，人們才可以更多地去享受休閑娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。只是在這個(gè)時(shí)刻確切到來(lái)之前，社會(huì)需要直面的這個(gè)問(wèn)題(Society needs to confront this question before it is upon us)是如何更好地讓機(jī)器人技術(shù)及人工智能為我們服務(wù)。
3 prospect of leisure-only life 只有休閑的人生前景
但是一個(gè)只有休閑的人生前景(prospect of leisure-only life)是有吸引力(appealing)的嗎?有人可不這樣認(rèn)為，畢竟有句話說(shuō)得好——生于憂患，死于安樂(lè)，工作有時(shí)候?qū)τ谌祟悂?lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的。因此人類應(yīng)該警惕機(jī)器相對(duì)于人類智慧的全方位優(yōu)勢(shì)的實(shí)現(xiàn)(all-round superiority of machine to human intelligence)。
4 harness technology in a wise way 明智地利用科技
其實(shí)機(jī)器人技術(shù)及人工智能本身并沒(méi)有對(duì)錯(cuò)之分，關(guān)鍵是要看人類如何明智地利用科技(to harness technology in a wise way)。比如說(shuō)人工智能進(jìn)展最快的領(lǐng)域之一是機(jī)器視覺(jué)(machine vision),尤其是人臉識(shí)別(facial recognition)。裝有人臉識(shí)別設(shè)備的車輛將會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)駕駛，而科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)相比容易出錯(cuò)的人類司機(jī)，自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(the self-driving vehicles)將減少90%甚至更多的事故。不過(guò)與此同時(shí)，大量涉及駕駛車輛的工作崗位將會(huì)消失。
托福寫(xiě)作亮眼素材——阿蘭圖靈
“老師我實(shí)在不知道這個(gè)分論點(diǎn)咋舉例啊啊啊啊所以就寫(xiě)不出干貨車轱轆話來(lái)回轉(zhuǎn)啊啊啊”
這個(gè)是很多人對(duì)于托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作的一大怨念。實(shí)在不好意思老寫(xiě)隔壁的小明小鋼小紅或者Jack, David, Jessica, 總覺(jué)得來(lái)點(diǎn)名人事跡逼格更高嘛。
說(shuō)到名人事跡，好吧，蓋茨喬布斯莫扎特馬丁路德金愛(ài)迪生...華盛頓的櫻桃樹(shù)(假的)，牛頓的小蘋(píng)果...咱不嫌太sú了么
還有，你用就用吧，記得別把喬布斯寫(xiě)成SteveQiaobusi...另外，用喬布斯當(dāng)例子，你得知道Macintosh是啥，Graphical interface operating system 是啥吧，否則寫(xiě)出來(lái)毫無(wú)干貨。最簡(jiǎn)單的方法是上Wikipedia找自己喜歡的，人生經(jīng)歷比較豐富的名人，看英文簡(jiǎn)傳。
今天推薦一位不那么sú的名人：IT宅們的祖師爺，二戰(zhàn)盟軍的大功臣，人工智能理論的教父，以及...Gay界反歧視的代言人——艾倫圖靈Alan Turing.
對(duì)了，人家其實(shí)臉沒(méi)有《模仿游戲》中的扮演者卷福那么長(zhǎng)的：
簡(jiǎn)單介紹：德藝雙馨的數(shù)學(xué)家，邏輯學(xué)家，密碼學(xué)家，計(jì)算機(jī)與人工智能科學(xué)家，生于1912，劍橋?qū)W士，普林斯頓博士，提出現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)原型模型基礎(chǔ)，通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)幫助盟軍破解德軍核心密碼系統(tǒng)，提出圖靈測(cè)試構(gòu)建人工智能理論體系，因同性戀獲罪被強(qiáng)制注射激素，吃劇毒的咬了一口的蘋(píng)果而死。
詳細(xì)介紹：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing
關(guān)鍵詞：computer science, cryptanalyst, algorithm, Turing machine, Turing test, artificial intelligence, Hut 8 of Government Code and Cypher School, Enigma machine, homosexuality, oestrogeninjection, cyanide poisoning.
學(xué)以致用部分：輸入了好素材，就要輸出進(jìn)機(jī)經(jīng)啦
題目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: To succeed in the future, making challenging plans is better than practical plans.
總論點(diǎn)：Yes
分論點(diǎn)：Challenging plans provide different angle of view and innovative perspective to cope with the puzzle.
舉例部分：History abounds with such examples. During the Second World War, the army of Britain was greatly troubled by the Enigma machine which was used by Nazi Germany to encipher their communication. While other cryptanalysts endeavored to decipher it manually, Alan Turing, also known as the father of theoretical computer science andartificial intelligence, decided to tackle it depending on the algorithm of machines, which had never been done before. This was a challenging decision for sure, but the result proved its rationality: His machine worked, making sizable contribution to the triumph of the Ally.
題目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People now live a happier life than people in the past
總論點(diǎn)：Yes
分論點(diǎn)：The continuous increase in social equality and inclusiveness has made our life more enjoyable.
舉例部分：Intolerance in the past has faded away, leaving a brighter and more inclusive society. History witnesses numerous persecution of people with differences, among which the experience of Alan Turing is the most convincing one. Despite his unparalleled contribution to the triumphof the Second World War, he was convicted for homosexuality, a crime at that time, and forced to choose between prison and oestrogeninjection. This kind of prejudice and injustice will not happen again, with people becoming more ideologically advanced.
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關(guān)于人工智能的托福作文解析及范文
