雅思寫作如何列舉論據(jù)
在雅思寫作大作文考試中，要求大家針對所給出的題目來表達(dá)自己的觀點。不僅如此，我們還需要通過一些論證論據(jù)來補充說明我們的觀點，這樣才能讓我們整個的寫作更有說服力，更加生動。接下來小編來給大家分享一下如何運用這些論據(jù)讓自己的表達(dá)更有說服力，一起來了解一下。
雅思寫作如何列舉論據(jù)
(一)局限于自己或朋友的例子。此類例子往往缺乏客觀性和說服力，由于人稱的局限導(dǎo)致所敘述事件難免“雞毛蒜皮”。要明白，個人不代表整體。
例：I keep my dog to avoid my loneliness and I find a lot of fun.
這樣的例子讓人猶如在看記敘文，和議論文很不搭調(diào)。
(二)引用過多數(shù)據(jù)。太多專業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)會給人捏造的痕跡，缺乏真實性?？脊贂|(zhì)疑數(shù)據(jù)的出處。
例：A survey indicates that the number of people smoking has increased to as high as 65 percent in China.(一項調(diào)查顯示。。。)
"65%"讓文章看起來有些假，有捏造的嫌疑。"A survey"又不夠具有代表性。
(三)中國式的例子。一個國家同樣難代表世界。雅思是international的考試，不應(yīng)將范圍框的太局限。此外考官來自各個國家，過分使用一個國家的例子會引起他們的反感。
例：Many children in China like to play computer games for a long time, leading to their poor eyesight.
只需小小改動便可成為成功范例。
因此，首先考生應(yīng)了解，舉例是一種常見的論述方式，特別在論述某一些比較抽象的話題的時候(比如文化類或跟藝術(shù)相關(guān)的話題)。但是，并不是每個段落都需要例證法，舉例過多或過分牽強(qiáng)會影響文章的正式感，甚至給考官喋喋不休的感覺。
舉例是為了更加形象地敘述事情。提醒考生們要注意以下原則：
(一) 要來源于生活，要具有生動的論述效果。不能過于空洞，也不能脫離現(xiàn)時，否則就失去了舉例的意義。
(二) 要客觀表達(dá)。雖然來源于身邊社會，但不可讓描述方式變的太雞毛蒜皮，拿不上臺面。其實這點非常容易辦到，只需要把事件中某一個具體的你，我，他，變成是客觀群體，比如說people across the globe, students, they之類的人稱即可。
舉例的常見表達(dá)方式：
for example,/for instance,(后加句子)
Such as/ like (后加詞組)
Take... as an example,
A case in point is that......
雅思寫作常見題材歸類整理
一、教育類：
A 理論與實踐
1 知識和經(jīng)驗的重要性
2 為什么要上大學(xué)
3 大學(xué)理論和實踐課程的關(guān)系
4 成功人士所需素質(zhì)是不是必須從大學(xué)或相似的科研學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)中學(xué)習(xí)
5 高中畢業(yè)的學(xué)生是否應(yīng)該在去大學(xué)前要工作或旅游一年
6 高中生評估和挑戰(zhàn)老師，會不會沒有尊重沒有紀(jì)律性
B 男女生問題
7 大學(xué)專業(yè)招收的學(xué)生男女比例是否應(yīng)該協(xié)調(diào)
8 男女分校的利弊
二、 體育活動類：
1 學(xué)生花時間練習(xí)體育運動的利與弊/該不該。
2 體育活動造成競爭而非合作是否應(yīng)該提倡
3 體育盛事是否有利于緩解世界緊張局勢，維護(hù)世界和平
三、語言類
1 怎樣說服他人學(xué)習(xí)自己母語
2 英語流行的利弊
3 英語和國際旅游業(yè)的流行會不會導(dǎo)致小語種和小民族的傷害
4 機(jī)器翻譯的推進(jìn)是否導(dǎo)致不必學(xué)外語
四、新聞廣告類
1 人們是否只應(yīng)閱讀真實事件或人物
2 是否新聞的真實性和好的工作者的素質(zhì)
3廣告的利弊
五、青少年類
1學(xué)生變異行為或態(tài)度的原因和改善
2 家庭小孩的懲罰教育是否有效
3 學(xué)生壓力是否很大
4 父母是否應(yīng)該限制小孩看電視玩游戲，應(yīng)該看書學(xué)習(xí)
5兒童的性格來自先天還是后天培養(yǎng)
6 兒童要學(xué)會競爭還是合作
7 課余參加有償勞動是否提倡
六、老年人類
1 我們這一輩人和上輩人區(qū)別的重要方式
2 公司55歲的老人是否應(yīng)該退休讓位給年青人
3 年青人比老年人社會地位高的原因和改善
七、科技與傳統(tǒng)類
1 電腦電視錄相等是否替代書籍成為傳媒和教育的工具
2 電腦的普及是否會取代老師的教育
3 建立博物館的目的和手段
4 網(wǎng)絡(luò)的普及影響到生活中家庭成員或是朋友之間的親密關(guān)系
5 科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展有多大的潛在危機(jī)
6 技術(shù)發(fā)展是否影響娛樂習(xí)慣和減少創(chuàng)造力
7 生命工程中的器官移植和試管嬰兒等是否不人道
八、金錢類
1 人類登月類似研究浪費金錢和時間么
2 醫(yī)生應(yīng)以救人為主,不論病人之貧和利益
1 向朋友借錢會否影響友誼及其原因。
2 花錢買東西或用東西交換的各自好處，你喜歡哪種?
3 體育專業(yè)是否應(yīng)該拿錢比其它重要的專業(yè)多
九、國家政府類
1 政府是否應(yīng)該重視傳統(tǒng)和藝術(shù)
2 發(fā)展中國家是應(yīng)該致力于發(fā)展本國的科技研究還是發(fā)展人文教育
3 政府花錢在藝術(shù)上還是其他事情上
4 政府財政支持在科學(xué)上還是語言商業(yè)上
5 你的國家城鄉(xiāng)差距大的原因和解決
6 電影教給你其他國家的哪些概況
7 富國是否應(yīng)該幫助窮國
8 你的國家和其他地方有何相似，怎樣相似
10 政府是否該為母親工作提供幫助和資源
11 國外工作一段時期對個人和國家有何影響
十、變革類
1 發(fā)明什么是你的愿望
2 改變家鄉(xiāng)的一個重要舉措
3 新千年是否世界變化的機(jī)會和你希望怎樣變化
4人類為什么變得長壽
十一、環(huán)境類
1 怎樣改進(jìn)地區(qū)公園或國家公園
2 動物做寵物還是人類消費必須品
3 化學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)作物的趨勢對土地和動物的影響
4 該不該保護(hù)野生動物資源
5 是否應(yīng)該關(guān)閉動物園
6小轎車是否利大于弊
7 吸煙是否應(yīng)該非法化
8 一個國家和城市的環(huán)境保護(hù)是應(yīng)該由個人，團(tuán)體(公司)和政府來共同承擔(dān)
十二、犯罪類
1 罰款是不是制止犯罪的必要因素
2 對殺人犯的刑罰
3 犯罪者應(yīng)入獄還是再教育.再適應(yīng)
4 年輕女人犯罪率升高的原因和舉措。
5 該不該親自制止犯罪、正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的限度
6 青少年犯罪與父母教育
7 住宅的保安由政府還是建筑商控制負(fù)責(zé)
十三、個人看法類
1 擁有土地后怎樣運用
2 喜歡親自動手還是喜歡機(jī)器
3 獨處還是和朋友相處
4 玩游戲是否一定要贏
5 安樂死是否會合法化
6游客是否遵從當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗
7 墮胎應(yīng)該提倡還是非人道
8 對現(xiàn)在工作壓力大閑暇時間少的看法
9名人是否因隱私付出代價及是否應(yīng)該擁有此權(quán)
10工作需要的轉(zhuǎn)變和自身適應(yīng)
雅思寫作9分范文：汽油價格和控制交通污染
Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve traffic and pollution. What extend do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think more effective?
Bad traffic and increasing pollution are thorny issues challenging every major city in the globe. To combat such problems, government encourages companies to mark up gas price in an effort to decrease car use and cut down waste gas. However it may temporarily alleviate the problem, but is doubtfully the optimal solution.
First of all, consumers and economy would be victimized by such measures. The number of cars in a country directly depends on the proportion of the population affluent enough to own cars. As a result, raises in gas price could invoke hard feelings among this segment of people but would not drastically change their behavior in using cars. Even if the number of cars on road is reduced due to higher gas cost, this is not the best way to solve traffic problems. Such policy would hurt the auto industry, place higher costs on current and prospect car owners, and undermine the economy of a nation. In the long run, the final way out could be the construction of better roads and more effective use of available transport facilities.
Secondly, there is evidence that waste gas from cars is not the leading cause of air pollution. The culprit may be the discharge of polluting substances into the atmosphere due to the rapidly growing manufacturing industry. As a result, reduction of the number of cars would not return us a blue sky and fresh air. We could better handle this problem if we could increase control over industrial waste discharge and adopt more environmental friendly materials and production equipment.
Finally, other measures like the application of cheaper and cleaner energy resources could also be a better solution. For example, we now have the ability to make cell-powered or even solar-powered cars. Such energy is completely clean and plentiful. However we still have a very long way to go to turn such technologically possible into affordable and practical products.
To conclude, it is not the best way to control traffic and pollution by increasing gas price because such action will hurt consumers and economy without achieving what it is aimed for. Measures such as construction of better transport facilities and development of new energy resources could be more effective solutions.
雅思寫作9分范文點評：警察佩戴槍支
Unlike most countries, the police in the United Kingdom do not normally carry guns. Some people think it leaves the citizens unprotected, while others believe that this practice reduces the overall violence in society. Discuss both views and use your own experience and evidence.
Unlike most countries, the police in the United Kingdom do not normally carry guns. Some people think it leaves citizens unprotected, while others believe that this practi c e reduces the overall violence in society.Police having guns however is an issue secondary to criminals having guns. (45words)
結(jié)構(gòu)分析： 2+ 1 ’ 模式，最后一句為主題句，明確地表達(dá)了自己的觀點。但是，前兩句的問題很嚴(yán)重，即照抄了題目。(這可能是我和老外沒有溝通好，在他所寫的所有例文中都出現(xiàn)了類似的情況，大家千萬不要學(xué)!!!)
Because criminals usually have access to guns, police officers need them in order to control crime.If police in the U.K. are able to go without guns and not have crime getting completely out of control then they have already set a fine example that other countries should follow. The fact that they are able to do this is an indication of their ability to control the flow of guns to the general populace and this makes citizens safer than anything else. To a civilian, taking guns away from criminals is more important than giving them to police. (98words)
For places that are not able to, or are unwilling to control this availability of guns to criminals, police have no choice.Countries with weak or ineffective gun laws, or countries bordering such countries, like Mexico which has strong gun laws, but virtually no way to prevent them from being smuggled over the border from the U.S., need a police force that is not only armed, but is armed better than the criminals. This ‘domestic arms race’ is the fate of any country that does not realize that civilians have no need of being armed and should have no access to weapons whatsoever.(103words)
The root of the problem is embarrassingly corrupt governments and ineffective half-measures taken to control the circulation of guns, which allows criminals to easily come into possession of guns.Nations around the world should hope to someday reach the point where their police force can afford not to carry guns and still be effective. (54words)
文章后幾段結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰，未加點評，紅色部分為段落主題句。
雅思寫作如何列舉論據(jù)相關(guān)文章：
雅思寫作如何列舉論據(jù)
上一篇：雅思小作文寫作需注意事項
