2020年1月11日托福綜合寫(xiě)作機(jī)經(jīng)真題回憶與范文解析
1月11日的托?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，關(guān)于托福綜合寫(xiě)作部分的機(jī)經(jīng)，大家也比較關(guān)心。畢竟這部分真題題目的練習(xí)，對(duì)于大家接下來(lái)的備考有很大的影響。具體的本次考試題目以及對(duì)應(yīng)的答題思路、滿(mǎn)分范文到底是什么呢?下面小編為大家整理了詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容，供大家參考!
2020年1月11日托福綜合寫(xiě)作機(jī)經(jīng)真題回憶與范文解析
話(huà)題分類(lèi)
生命科學(xué)類(lèi)
考題回憶
1-總論點(diǎn)
三種阻止蝙蝠受到wind turbines傷害的方法。
2-閱讀部分
論點(diǎn)1：不把wind turbines建在蝙蝠活動(dòng)的地方
論點(diǎn)2：wind turbines晚上不運(yùn)行
論點(diǎn)3：制造蝙蝠不喜歡的雷達(dá)不讓蝙蝠靠近
3-聽(tīng)力部分
反駁1：蝙蝠活動(dòng)的地方就不能得到足夠的energy
反駁2：蝙蝠可能會(huì)再wind turbines上休息，早上開(kāi)啟是也會(huì)傷寒蝙蝠
反駁3：雷達(dá)會(huì)影響蝙蝠的繁殖系統(tǒng)
解題思路
此題是典型的聽(tīng)力反駁閱讀的題型。文章中需要表明聽(tīng)力完全反駁閱讀，并寫(xiě)清聽(tīng)力中出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)即可。
參考范文
The reading passage explores the issue that there are three ways to prevent bats from being harmed by wind turbines. The professor in the lecture, however, opposes those methods by providing three specific points.
First, the reading passage suggests that wind turbines can be constructed in the area where bats seldom live or forage, so that the harm caused by wind turbines can be decreased. Although the professor in the lecture admits that the first method is beneficial to bats, the area with frequent appearance of bats can not be powered by the wind turbines, which is inconvenient to people living in the same area. Therefore, the professor's argument disproves its counterpart in the reading.
Moreover, the writer states that we can turn off the wind turbines to avoid the harm towards bats. However, the professor contends that bats still can be hurt by the turbines in the morning, because if the turbines are turned off, bats tent to take a rest on the them.
Finally, the writer asserts that wind turbines can be facilitated radar which emits special range of sound waves to irritate bats, in which keeps bats away from those turbines. By contrast, the professor provides that the certain sound waves are bad for bats’ reproductive systems, so that the third method can cause more damage to bats species.
托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作中的常用句型總結(jié)
一、提出背景的句式
It’s generally agreed that ... ... (人們普遍認(rèn)為... ...)
There is a growing body of opinion that ... ... (越來(lái)越多的人認(rèn)為... ...)
An increasing number of people have the tendency to believe that ... ... (越來(lái)越多的人傾向于認(rèn)為... ...)
Some people, especially the old, believe that ... ... (一些人，尤其是老人，認(rèn)為... ...)
Other people, the young in particular, argue that ... ... (別的人，尤其是年輕人，認(rèn)為... ...)
Some current analyses conclude that ... ... (當(dāng)下的一些分析表明... ...)
... ... is a heated topic in our times. (... ...是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代火熱的一個(gè)話(huà)題)
The topic about ... ... has been raging for decades. (關(guān)于... ...的話(huà)題已經(jīng)風(fēng)行幾十年了)
... ... is an eternal/a perpetual topic in our daily lives. (... ...是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪幸粋€(gè)永恒的話(huà)題)
... ... is one of the most talked about topics in the contemporary society. (... ...是當(dāng)代社會(huì)討論最多的話(huà)題之一)
Recently, the impact that ... ... has had on our daily lives, in general, is huge and undeniable. (近年來(lái)， ... ...對(duì)我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊懀偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，是巨大且不可避免的)
With the gradual perfection and progressive amelioration of ... ..., sweeping changes have been brought into our lives. (隨著... ...的不斷完善和進(jìn)一步提高，人們的生活發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化)
In terms of ... ..., sometimes we find ourselves in dilemmas. (談到... ...時(shí)，我們有時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己左右為難)
二、個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的句式
I am totally convinced that ... ... (我百分百確信... ...)
I personally tend to believe that ... ... (我個(gè)人傾向于認(rèn)為... ...)
From my perspective, ... ... is without doubt a better option. (依我看，... ...毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是個(gè)更好的選擇)
According to the evidence offered above, I can hardly agree that ... ... (綜合以上證明，我很難同意... ...)
With respect to ... ..., I am pretty sure that I’m on the same/opposite side of it. (關(guān)于... ...，我很確定是站在正/反方的立場(chǎng))
Although it’s no simple task for us to make a prudent and satisfying choice, I still wholeheartedly believe that ... ... (盡管對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，做一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎友令人滿(mǎn)意的選擇是很困難的，但是我仍然全心全意地相信... ...)
三、引出爭(zhēng)議的句式
There is no consensus on whether...yet. (關(guān)于是否該... ...，現(xiàn)在仍然沒(méi)有一個(gè)定論)
Whether...is an issue open to debate. (是否該... ...，這是一個(gè)有待討論的問(wèn)題)
Whether...is a boon or bane is still open to debate. (... ...是好是壞/是對(duì)是錯(cuò)，這有待討論)
The issue of whether…h(huán)as triggered intense debate. (是否該... ...，這個(gè)問(wèn)題引發(fā)了一個(gè)激烈的討論)
The debate over whether...has been going on for a long time. (關(guān)于... ...的討論已經(jīng)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了)
When it comes to ... ..., people tend to hold different viewpoints. (當(dāng)談到... ...的時(shí)候，人們傾向于持有不同的觀點(diǎn))
Most of the public tend to advocate that ... ... ,while I doubt whether the argument needs more analyses. (大多數(shù)人傾向于主張... ..., 但是我認(rèn)為這有待進(jìn)一步討論)
托福寫(xiě)作備考之如何減少扣分點(diǎn)
托福寫(xiě)作作為輸出型的考試形式，一直是考生最難得分的部分，考生總是感覺(jué)無(wú)話(huà)可說(shuō)，無(wú)從下筆。本文通過(guò)托福作文清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)安排和自查兩方面，幫你有效的降低托福寫(xiě)作的扣分點(diǎn)，趕緊來(lái)看看吧!
大家都知道，在托?？荚囍校瑢?xiě)作是一種偏主觀輸出的考試形式，與客觀題相比，想要提高這部分的分?jǐn)?shù)，我們除了平時(shí)認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇?，不斷擴(kuò)展思路和積累表達(dá)之外，在考試過(guò)程中還要盡量避免不必要的失分。其實(shí)很多同學(xué)都問(wèn)過(guò)這樣的問(wèn)題：老師，我現(xiàn)在句子表達(dá)能力基本就是這個(gè)樣子了，馬上要考試，考試中有沒(méi)有需要注意的細(xì)節(jié)，在我現(xiàn)有的水平上，盡量讓自己的文章得分更高一點(diǎn)呢?其實(shí)是有的，那今天我們就分享一下如何在托福寫(xiě)作中減少扣分點(diǎn)，趕快來(lái)看看吧!
建立清晰的框架
寫(xiě)作不僅考查語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)，還考查思路的表達(dá)，新托福評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中就有這樣一項(xiàng)：well organized and well developed。所以在寫(xiě)作中，給考官展現(xiàn)自己清楚的文章思路是很重要的，不管內(nèi)容表達(dá)如何，我們首先要做到的就是框架清晰。
區(qū)分段落是最簡(jiǎn)單直接的方法?？吹竭@里，可能有人會(huì)覺(jué)得好笑，但是真的是有學(xué)生考試一著急，加上時(shí)間緊，就忘記了分段，所以我們這里還要再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)一下。一般，綜合寫(xiě)作建議分為四個(gè)自然段：第一段總述聽(tīng)力和閱讀中的觀點(diǎn)，后面三個(gè)自然段分點(diǎn)具體闡述(一個(gè)論點(diǎn)一個(gè)自然段，一般綜合寫(xiě)作都會(huì)給出三方面的具體內(nèi)容)。不建議只分兩個(gè)自然段：一段總述，一段分析。因?yàn)榉治霾糠诌€是需要清楚地告訴閱卷人，文章和聽(tīng)力總共表述了幾層意思。如果都寫(xiě)在一些，容易給閱卷人造成漏點(diǎn)的假象。獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作建議分為五個(gè)自然段：第一段引出論題，闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，中間三個(gè)自然段分三個(gè)方面闡述自己的理由，最后一個(gè)自然段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。(如果只想到了兩點(diǎn)原因，也可以寫(xiě)四個(gè)自然段，但是需要達(dá)到字?jǐn)?shù)要求)
每一自然段的內(nèi)容闡述建議按照以下順序表達(dá)：主要觀點(diǎn) —— 具體闡述 —— 舉例說(shuō)明。我們?cè)诒磉_(dá)英文時(shí)，一定要記住，寫(xiě)每一個(gè)自然段的時(shí)候，都要首先提出主要觀點(diǎn)。因?yàn)橹杏⑽谋磉_(dá)邏輯不一樣，中文習(xí)慣鋪墊，我們寫(xiě)中文文章時(shí)，很喜歡在前面鋪墊抒情，寫(xiě)了半天還不見(jiàn)主要觀點(diǎn)，這是一種意境。但是在外國(guó)人的思想中，他們更喜歡直截了當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)，所以每段第一句話(huà)，先把觀點(diǎn)給他們，接下去再進(jìn)行具體的闡述，這樣閱卷人就會(huì)比較清楚地 get 到你想要表達(dá)的意思了。
寫(xiě)完文章要自查
在考試的過(guò)程中，文章寫(xiě)完之后還需要留出 2-3 分鐘的時(shí)間進(jìn)行自查，這一步也很重要的。因?yàn)槭菣C(jī)考，我們需要把內(nèi)容敲在屏幕上，所以在寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中，就避免不了會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些比較低級(jí)的錯(cuò)誤，比如拼寫(xiě)，如果錯(cuò)誤較多，就算文章寫(xiě)得不錯(cuò)，也會(huì)影響到閱卷人的心情，自然，分?jǐn)?shù)也就達(dá)不到預(yù)期的效果?？偟膩?lái)看，大家經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)以下幾種錯(cuò)誤，我們總結(jié)一下，以便大家自查。
拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤
在考試中，考生會(huì)遇到兩種情況：一種是打字的誤打，另一種是對(duì)單詞本身 記憶的錯(cuò)誤，因此不僅需要考生在平時(shí)的備考過(guò)程中多多進(jìn)行上機(jī)練習(xí)，熟悉用鍵盤(pán)打字，還要求考生在平時(shí)注意背單詞的精確性。
時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤
托福寫(xiě)作除了拿過(guò)去事件作為例子用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)之外，一般使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以大家在檢查的時(shí)候需要注意時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用，千萬(wàn)不能各種時(shí)態(tài)混用。
詞性錯(cuò)誤
英文中，每種詞性都有具體的用法，最常見(jiàn)的詞性錯(cuò)誤是形容詞和副詞的混用，檢查時(shí)需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注一下。
句子表達(dá)是否完整
受中文影響，很多同學(xué)在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些表達(dá)不完整或者特別中式的句子。在寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)句子時(shí)，我們一定要遵循五大句型的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，然后再將修飾成分填充進(jìn)去，切記簡(jiǎn)單粗暴的詞詞對(duì)應(yīng)。另外這里還需要強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，考生不能為了追求句子表達(dá)所謂的“高大上”去亂用句子，正所謂用錯(cuò)還不如不用。
托福寫(xiě)作范文：探索太空是否是資源浪費(fèi)
獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作題目
Independent Writing:
It is a waste of time to spend funds on space travel or space exploration.
Nowadays, an increasing number of citizens are discussing the recent launch of ShenZhou carrier rocket. While there are some people who claim that this kind of launch is a waste of money or time because it could not bring any benefits for citizens, I hold a different opinion. From my perspective, space exploration is necessary.
Admittedly, space travel or space exploration would waste a large sum of money. By spending much money on doing research regarding outer space life, government loses their focus on civil life where many people are suffering from starvation, air pollution and epidemics. Under this circumstance, there is no doubt that people would complain about government’s aloft behaviors. However,if viewing from a different angle, space exploration is a long time investment. Never should we expect the journey would bring immediate economic returns to the country. In this case, space travel and space exploration is quite helpful for the country.
To begin with, space exploration might bring benefits for us to search for new energy resource. That is to say, other planets may be rich in certain kinds of resources that are in great shortage on the earth. According to the report released after the exploration to the Mars, the officials from NASA confirms that Mars contains a great volume of natural gas and iron. Moreover, engineers have also noticed that these resources on the planet are able to explore, and if they could solve the problem of long time transportation, these resources could be used on the earth. Consequently, the use of natural gas will not consume burning of petroleum and make our planet a better place to live in.
In addition, space exploration aims to improve level of technology. In other words, it is the development of advanced technology that makes it possible to explore the outer space. It is usually the case that without the technology of launching satellite into the space, it is impossible for people to conduct research. As a result, scientists have to improved their knowledge in related areas so that they could guarantee the launch of these rockets, as well as satellites. Meanwhile, to ensure astronauts’ safety in the outer space, scientists have to repeated work on their suits in order to keep astronauts away from radioactivity. Also, to fill with enough oxygen, scientists have to run encapsulation tests again and again. Only if these equipment are guaranteed can astronauts be safely working in the outer space.
To sum up, the seemly useless space exploration would cost a large sum of money; however, this space activity could still bring benefits in both new energy searching and technology improvement.
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2020年1月11日托福綜合寫(xiě)作機(jī)經(jīng)真題回憶與范文解析
