托福作文字?jǐn)?shù)越多越高分嗎?字多不扣分但千萬(wàn)不能少
在托福寫作考試中，特別是獨(dú)立寫作中，對(duì)于文章要寫多少字讓很多考生十分的頭疼，寫少了肯定是不行的，寫多了又怕時(shí)間不夠，那么到底是越多越好，還是只寫出那個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就好了。下面小編為大家?guī)淼氖峭懈懽髯謹(jǐn)?shù)越多分越高嗎?希望對(duì)大家托福獨(dú)立寫作有幫助。
托福作文字?jǐn)?shù)越多越高分嗎?字多不扣分但千萬(wàn)不能少
ETS對(duì)于托福獨(dú)立寫作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)OG上是這么說的：“An effective response is typically about 300 words long。 If you write fewer than 300 words，you may still receive a top score，but experience has shown that shorter responses typically do not demonstrate the development of ideas needed to earn a score of 5。”這個(gè)很明顯的讓考生看到，一篇優(yōu)秀的作文，考生最好是要將文章寫到300字以上。當(dāng)然了，有些文章的字?jǐn)?shù)沒有達(dá)到300，但依然是滿分，這種情況畢竟是少數(shù)。對(duì)于托福寫作滿分作文，按照評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)里的要求是：它肯定是對(duì)于考題充分的展開了論述，有利的支持文章的觀點(diǎn)，還有就是充足的字?jǐn)?shù)。
對(duì)于托福獨(dú)立寫作，評(píng)分分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)里給出的字?jǐn)?shù)下限是不能低于180字，但如果你所要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)都表達(dá)到了，字?jǐn)?shù)也不能少于180字。因此，對(duì)于寫作文章的字?jǐn)?shù)是關(guān)鍵，且字?jǐn)?shù)超過了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并不影響得分的。
對(duì)于OG里的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，作文中如果字?jǐn)?shù)超了，那么是不會(huì)扣分的，但是也不要指望用堆字的方式來為你的作文加分。在寫作考試中，如果讓考官看到你的文章字?jǐn)?shù)很多，給他的第一印象是你在規(guī)定時(shí)間里很能寫，有了這個(gè)印象，在評(píng)分上的印象也就好了，但并不會(huì)給你在字?jǐn)?shù)上有加分的，畢竟主要看的還是寫作內(nèi)容。
這個(gè)和綜合寫作的批改還有點(diǎn)區(qū)別，這個(gè)可能是評(píng)分機(jī)制的不同而已。所以大家在寫作的時(shí)候，首先要寫出要求的最低下降，如果連這個(gè)還達(dá)不到，那么你的文章一定評(píng)不了高分了，再有就是如果時(shí)間充裕，你的表達(dá)的內(nèi)容比較豐富，可以盡量的多寫，這樣是不會(huì)被扣分的。除了寫作的字?jǐn)?shù)要求之后，考生只要牢記托福寫作的要點(diǎn)，要觀點(diǎn)明確 ，邏輯清晰，內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來就可以了。
大家在備考的時(shí)候，多多對(duì)于這方面的練習(xí)，還有一個(gè)很重要的就是練習(xí)一下打字速度，有些考生，不是因?yàn)槲恼聦懙牟缓?，是因?yàn)闀r(shí)間不夠;不是因?yàn)樽謹(jǐn)?shù)不夠，同樣是因?yàn)闀r(shí)間不夠，而讓文章沒有完成，這種情況就讓你在托福寫作這一塊失分太不劃算了。
托福獨(dú)立寫作主體段如何展開 摸清套路四步助力高分之路
PART 1：major point中心論點(diǎn)
作為文章的核心內(nèi)容，中心論點(diǎn)主要起到提綱挈領(lǐng)、概括段意的作用。
例如：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time their children spend in watching TV. Use specific reasons and examples to Support your answer.
中心觀點(diǎn)的論述：
If children spend too much time watching TV, their time for study will naturally be reduced. Hence, the limitation from parents is meaningful.
分析中心論點(diǎn)的主要內(nèi)容：
1.因果關(guān)系以及對(duì)事物的影響。例如：…benefits…. Thus, I agree/disagree/prefer…
2.因?yàn)椤?所以……不好。例如：Because…. Thus, I agree/disagree/prefer…….
PART2：specific reasons具體的例證
例證主要是可以有邏輯地推出論點(diǎn)的思路和想法。Specific reasons are sentences which are different from the topic sentence and not the content of example, belong to specific reasons.例證有三個(gè)途徑，分別是：解釋說明、例證展開以及拓展延伸。當(dāng)具體原因已經(jīng)足夠支撐本段，可以使用概括性的例子或者是不使用例子。
PART3：examples舉例的方法
這里分享一下人物事例的舉例方法，人物事例包括名人事例和個(gè)人事例。名人事例具有權(quán)威性、客觀的特點(diǎn);個(gè)人事例則具有親切、主觀的特點(diǎn)。例如：It is not surprising to find many coach potatoes in school. Peter, my classmate, is one of them. Watching TV too much has impaired his vision and he has to wear glasses now, which is not convenient for him to play basketball, his favorite sport activity.這個(gè)事例中運(yùn)用了個(gè)人事例，例子是作者的同學(xué)。引用個(gè)人事例讓人更有同感，也會(huì)覺得更加有說服力。但是，在使用的時(shí)候，一定要注意事例闡述的準(zhǔn)確、簡(jiǎn)潔，不要車轱轆話一堆。如果沒有適合題目的事例，也可以根據(jù)實(shí)際生活編造例子，但是要注意是有可能發(fā)生的事例。
PART4：conclusion總結(jié)段的寫法
總結(jié)段主要是強(qiáng)調(diào)主題或總結(jié)結(jié)果。總結(jié)的結(jié)果一般是從中間部分得出的結(jié)論，而強(qiáng)調(diào)主題則是達(dá)到和首段呼應(yīng)的效果，讓整篇文章看起來更加緊湊。例如：To sum up, watching TV at will exerts negative influences on children; therefore, control from parents is indispensable.
托福寫作之三招搞定完美開篇
1). 追根溯源法
即從托福寫作題目給出的話題中找出這個(gè)現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因來擴(kuò)展背景句。這種方法適合大多數(shù)的話題，考生要盡量在考前做托福作文練習(xí)，這樣在考試就可以得心應(yīng)手了。
請(qǐng)看下面的例子：
There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones?
這個(gè)題目中給出的話題是mobile phone，所以考生可以從它產(chǎn)生的原因來考慮，就是科技的繁榮，而科技的繁榮，手機(jī)的廣泛使用是在20世紀(jì)末，這樣背景句就有內(nèi)容可寫了。當(dāng)然要通過相應(yīng)的句型來寫了。如
… (time) witnessed …
這個(gè)背景句就可以寫成： The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology, which gave rise to a series of technological innovations, including the mobile phone.
再看一例：
Nowadays, some universities offer students skills that assist them to find employment, but some people believe that the main function of a university should be to provide students with access to knowledge for its sake. What is your opinion?
這題要求大家討論大學(xué)是提供職業(yè)技能還是傳授知識(shí)。那從傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)來看，大學(xué)是傳授知識(shí)的地方，為什么會(huì)提出要傳授技能呢，所以這里考生也可以用追根溯源法思考下，大家肯定可以想到是由于找工作已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今教育的目的之一了，所以很多大學(xué)就轉(zhuǎn)移到以傳授技能為主了。那當(dāng)然還是要結(jié)合句型，這里可以用as 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
參考：As job-hunting has become one of the main purposes of university education, the majority of the universities tend to offer vocational trainings to prepare the students for their future career.
2). 重述法。
即對(duì)關(guān)于這個(gè)話題的當(dāng)前現(xiàn)狀的重述。
請(qǐng)看一例：
Nowadays, people are facing more and more work-related stress. State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。
本題的話題關(guān)于壓力，那考生可從當(dāng)前社會(huì)現(xiàn)象來考慮這個(gè)問題，考生不難想出當(dāng)下對(duì)壓力這一現(xiàn)象的情況，即很多人都在承受著或多或少的壓力?？捎胕t is generally believed that … 形式主語(yǔ)的句型。
參考: It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.
再看一例：
Environmental problem is too big for individual countries and individual people to address. In other words, we have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
本題話題為環(huán)境問題，考生也可用重述法對(duì)當(dāng)前環(huán)境問題進(jìn)行重述，這時(shí)，可以用In modern society/ At present, 等表時(shí)間的介詞短語(yǔ)來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)敘述句型。
參考：In modern society, environment related issues have confronted ecological scientists, government agencies and the general public.
3). 定義法。
即通過對(duì)話題詞的定義的介紹，這種方法在新托福開頭寫作中有一定難度，考生需要有淵博的知識(shí)，才能做到對(duì)名詞的解釋，但對(duì)特別明顯的詞語(yǔ)，考生可借鑒這種方法。
請(qǐng)看一例：
The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books and they should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
本題中的話題詞為圖書館，可以解釋的詞也是圖書館比較方便容易。那么到底如何解釋呢，比如說圖書館在傳統(tǒng)意義上來看，是收藏書的地方，而現(xiàn)在因?yàn)榭萍及l(fā)展，使得圖書館的意義發(fā)生改變，從而引出話題。這里同樣可以用形式主語(yǔ)：
It is generally believed that public libraries are places with a large collection of books; however, the digital time has given it a new means of storing and retrieving information.
托福寫作范文：人們?yōu)榱耸裁炊洗髮W(xué)
托福寫作題目
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.人們?yōu)榱耸裁炊畲髮W(xué)，請(qǐng)舉例證明你的理由。
托福寫作范文
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many, this is the primary reason to go to college. They know that the job market is competitive. At college, they can learn new skills for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn’t relate directly to a career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in.
全文點(diǎn)評(píng)：
1. 本文是正正正的大正型支持文章，結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，邏輯清晰。
2. 文章首段寫的非常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，簡(jiǎn)單明了，并對(duì)下文的幾個(gè)正文段都用幾個(gè)詞組進(jìn)行了概括，縱覽全文。
滿分因素剖析
語(yǔ)言方面：
文章語(yǔ)言比較平實(shí)，論證恰到好處，沒有過多用來炫技的語(yǔ)句，很少有語(yǔ)法或邏輯錯(cuò)誤，讀起來清晰自然。
1. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase knowledge of oneself and the world around.
此句中，believe后面引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，that后面的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在及物動(dòng)詞后面，做主句的賓語(yǔ)，用來表達(dá)作者的看法和觀點(diǎn)。在結(jié)構(gòu)上，此句是文章開頭段的最后一句話，承接上面作者提出的觀點(diǎn)，提出三個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，引出下文，是文章的邏輯與層次更加清晰。
2. In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own.
此句出現(xiàn)在論證段落中，承接論證的上一個(gè)層次，引出論證的下一個(gè)層次。in addition是一個(gè)連詞短語(yǔ)，表示“此外，其次”，相同意思的還有additionally，furthermore，moreover, besides, also, what’s more。 在托?？荚囍?，考官非常看重連詞的使用，因?yàn)檫@些詞往往可以文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和層次更加清晰，是論證更加有邏輯性。
3. Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting.
此句中，Besides是一個(gè)介詞，后面接動(dòng)詞的ing形式，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，意思為“除了...以外”。此句出現(xiàn)在文章第三個(gè)論證段的開頭，besides引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)可以承接上文，而主句可以提出本段的論點(diǎn)，這種銜接方式是文章更加流暢。Expand的意思是“擴(kuò)充，拓展”，expand knowledge表示“擴(kuò)充知識(shí)”。這種表達(dá)很形象，很生動(dòng)，比常用的“acquire, obtain”更有感染力，大家學(xué)習(xí)模仿這種表達(dá)。
結(jié)構(gòu)方面：
本文是一篇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的五段論證結(jié)構(gòu)，開頭一段，中間論證三段，最后結(jié)尾一段。論證部分采用正正正的大正論證結(jié)構(gòu)，段落鮮明，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。開頭部分開門見山，出現(xiàn)了 prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase knowledge of oneself and the world around.
這三個(gè)中間的分論點(diǎn)。作者在論證過程中用到很多鏈接詞，這樣是文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊密，邏輯清晰。最后一段收束全文，是文章渾然一體，看上去一目了然。
托福作文字?jǐn)?shù)越多越高分嗎?字多不扣分但千萬(wàn)不能少相關(guān)文章：
托福作文字?jǐn)?shù)越多越高分嗎?字多不扣分但千萬(wàn)不能少
