學(xué)會建立托福寫作模板切忌全盤背誦寫作范文
托福寫作考試中，想要取得高分，那么考生一定要在語言上引起足夠的重視。那么考生應(yīng)該如何去做呢?在這里小編為大家介紹學(xué)會建立托福寫作模板切忌全盤背誦寫作范文，希望對大家提高托福寫作成績有幫助。
學(xué)會建立托福寫作模板 切忌全盤背誦寫作范文
其實(shí)，在托福寫作的備考過程中，全盤去背誦一些托福寫作的范文和托福寫作模板，是一件非常危險的事情。原因很簡單，對于托福寫作的審閱官來說，他們可以說是見過無數(shù)的托福寫作文章，如果見到文章中的內(nèi)容再一次與之前審閱的內(nèi)容有“撞車”，那就難免會涉及到有抄襲的嫌疑，影響到了自己最后的托福寫作的得分。所以，在托福寫作練習(xí)的過程中，全盤去背誦一些高分模板和范文是并不可取的。那么，我們又該怎樣去進(jìn)行練習(xí)寫作呢?
在初入托福寫作練習(xí)的時候，相信很多人都會說到：沒有一個模板根本不知道從何入手。那么這時就建議大家，不如自己創(chuàng)作一個原創(chuàng)的托福寫作模板。這樣不但可以避免內(nèi)容撞車的危險，同時，自己在創(chuàng)作的過程中也會產(chǎn)生一種記憶，不用過多花費(fèi)心思去記憶模板內(nèi)容。比如以下這樣的例子，
There is a discussion about主題. Some people may be right to think that the best way is to我的觀點(diǎn). From my point of view，I cannot agree more on that statement because under the circumstance that背景，原因1 and原因2.
Admittedly，we can not deny that我的觀點(diǎn)有缺點(diǎn)/另一個觀點(diǎn)有優(yōu)點(diǎn). Nevertheless，such is human nature that自己的內(nèi)容例子，and it paves the way to the best solution to主題.
而對于很多剛開始練習(xí)托福寫作的同學(xué)來說，托福寫作中字?jǐn)?shù)問題，也是讓大家頗感頭疼的。但是，從以上的例子中，我們也是不難看出，如果建立好一個完整的模板之后，在模板中已經(jīng)有了150字左右的內(nèi)容。在正式的寫作過程中，每段只要寫不到100字，感覺會是比較輕松的。當(dāng)然。如果想要沖刺到托福寫作的高分，我們還需要調(diào)整好模板中的句型，學(xué)會如何使用好語態(tài)變化，形式主語，雙重否定，倒裝的復(fù)雜句等等。
總之，在托福考試前準(zhǔn)備好一些寫作模板是非常有幫助的。但是，還是建議大家花時間準(zhǔn)備自己的模板，切忌全盤套用。
托福寫作中有哪些詞匯選擇技巧
作文考試的目的在于通過這一命題形式，檢測考生的語言功底。TOEFL作文考試也不例外，它歸根結(jié)底仍是一種語言水平考試，運(yùn)用英語進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能力是測試的終極目的。
英文寫作反映考生綜合運(yùn)用英語語言的能力，只有在宏觀和微觀兩個方面都把握得當(dāng)才能構(gòu)成一篇完美的TOEFL作文。這里的宏觀是就一篇文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)而言的，而微觀是指一篇文章的語篇要素，即文章中表達(dá)意義的微觀單位，包括單詞、短語和句子。語篇要素運(yùn)用的純熟，能很好地反映一個人的語言修養(yǎng)，準(zhǔn)確的用詞、多樣化的句式結(jié)構(gòu)以及精妙得體的修辭會使整篇文章熠熠生輝，極富感染力。TOEFL作文考試作為一種語言測試方式，其重點(diǎn)在于考查考生的英語語言水平，對語篇要素的把握在寫作TOEFL作文的過程當(dāng)中無疑是至關(guān)重要的。熟練恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用語篇要素會令你的作文妙筆生花，卓爾不群。
托福寫作語詞的選擇
寫作中用詞不準(zhǔn)確是很容易犯的毛病，good，terrible，see，nice，kind，greatly，think，know，something等詞匯在學(xué)生作文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。這些詞本身并沒有問題，是英語常用詞，但是它們表達(dá)的意思過于模糊，很多情況下，應(yīng)該使用意義更加準(zhǔn)確的詞。況且，學(xué)生老是使用這幾個詞會給人以表達(dá)形式單調(diào)，詞匯量貧乏，文章缺乏感染力的印象。下面的一些例子，通過換用一、兩個準(zhǔn)確生動的詞語或是運(yùn)用一些固定搭配及習(xí)語就使整個句子增色不少。
1。Original： Solving trivial problems in the dorm will add your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be kind。
Revised： Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich your social experience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to be considerate。
亮點(diǎn)評析
add，kind表達(dá)的含義都比較寬泛。add可以指數(shù)量上的增加，也可以指程度的加強(qiáng)，對于“豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)、增加知識”這個意思，用enrich會使表達(dá)更準(zhǔn)確。kind從字面意義上講是“好的、善良的”，用kind來形容人無法具體地表現(xiàn)出一個人的性格特征到底怎樣，原句中是想表達(dá)“考慮周到、體貼入微”的特點(diǎn)，要準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)這個含義應(yīng)選擇considerate。
2。 Original： Science and technology have greatly influenced our lives and our society is changing very rapidly。
Revised： Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives and, as a result, society is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented。
亮點(diǎn)評析
greatly，rapidly屬于常用詞，表示程度高、速度快，這樣的詞在表達(dá)效果上不夠具體，缺乏說服力，在修改后的句子中用了pervade every aspect of our lives就具體生動地表現(xiàn)出科技的影響力到底有多大，其影響力已滲透到我們生活的方方面面，at a speed which is quite unprecedented意為“以一種前所未有的速度”，形象地道出了變化速度之快。
3。 Original： Young people tend to think that real life is as nice and interesting as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to common everyday life。
Revised： Young people tend to think that real life is as dramatic and fascinating as it is in the novels and movies, while more experienced adults think this kind of naive daydream will only be destroyed by later experiences and every one should learn to get used to tedious everyday life。
亮點(diǎn)評析
nice，interesting，common都屬于普通詞匯，用到句子中也顯得平淡蒼白。nice的意思是“好的，令人愉快的”，interesting是“有趣的”，這兩個詞都不能準(zhǔn)確地描繪出年輕人所憧憬的美好生活，句中想表達(dá)的是年輕人認(rèn)為生活如同小說、電影一般充滿戲劇變化，激動人心，要體現(xiàn)這層含義應(yīng)該用dramatic，fascinating。dramatic表示“刺激的，戲劇性的，給人深刻印象的”，fascinating表示“具有強(qiáng)烈吸引力的，迷人的，使人神魂顛倒的”，這兩個詞的程度要比nice，interesting深得多，表現(xiàn)力也更強(qiáng)。原句用common表達(dá)實(shí)際的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的枯燥無味是不準(zhǔn)確的，common的意思是“普通的，平常的”，普通平常的東西不一定是枯燥的，tedious是表示“(因過長、過慢或單調(diào))令人厭倦的，煩人的”，恰好傳達(dá)出現(xiàn)實(shí)生活由于瑣碎和重復(fù)而變得索然無味這種含義。
4。 Original： You should compete to live in this society。
Revised： You should compete for survival; otherwise, you will be thrown out of the tide of society。
亮點(diǎn)評析
原句平平淡淡，只是告訴人們要在社會立足，必須競爭，但這樣一句簡單的勸告似乎缺乏說服力，修改后的句子用了compete for survival，為了生存而競爭，而且后面又添加了一個并列分句，補(bǔ)充說明了如果不compete的后果就是be thrown out of the tide of society，被社會的浪潮所淘汰，使用這些更加具體深刻的詞匯能夠形象生動地表現(xiàn)出競爭的慘烈。
5。Original： I really believe that smoking is harmful to people’s health。
Revised： I have a profound conviction that smoking is harmful to people’s health。
亮點(diǎn)評析
conviction的意思是“堅(jiān)定的看法或信仰”，have a profound conclusion表示對某種看法深信不疑，作文中提出觀點(diǎn)的句子用have a profound conclusion會比用believe態(tài)度更堅(jiān)決，立場更鮮明，而且believe這個詞非常簡單，是英語初學(xué)者就應(yīng)掌握的詞匯，換成have a profound conclusion立即增加了句子的復(fù)雜程度，體現(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)的語言運(yùn)用能力。類似的提出觀點(diǎn)的表達(dá)還有：
I hold a point of view that…
I hold the opinion that…
6。Original： We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn。
Revised： It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn。
亮點(diǎn)評析
如上句的believe一樣，know也是非常初級的詞匯，作文中出現(xiàn)I believe that…，I know that…這樣的表達(dá)只能體現(xiàn)考生寫作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discover that…替換We know that…并沒有改變原句的含義，卻使全句頓時增添了亮點(diǎn)。
7。Original： We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply。
Revised： It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply。
亮點(diǎn)評析
同上例一樣，know這樣的初級詞匯應(yīng)避免在作文中使用，It goes without saying that…是一個固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“……是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用來引經(jīng)據(jù)典或表明一個盡人皆知的道理，類似的表達(dá)還有：
An old saying goes that…
Proverb goes that…
It is universally acknowledged that…
It is generally accepted that…
8。Original： Some other people think that people should read extensively。
Revised： Another position says that people should read extensively。
亮點(diǎn)評析
同know，believe一樣，think也應(yīng)該盡量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that…代替think提出另一種觀點(diǎn)，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion這樣的短語替換。
9。Original： The unexpected win of the match give us confidence。
Revised： The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence。
亮點(diǎn)評析
give也屬于英語中最初級、最基本的詞匯，只表示“給，給予”這個動作，不涉及動作的性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)，若表示增添信心，增強(qiáng)士氣，比較地道的說法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company。 管理模式的改變使整個公司上下士氣倍受鼓舞。
10。Original： The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years。
Revised： The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years。
亮點(diǎn)評析
greatly是一般用語，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相當(dāng)普遍而沒有新意，在寫作中應(yīng)盡量避免使用這些通俗而又陳舊的詞匯，應(yīng)換用一些更加正式，更有說服力的詞語，例如significantly表示達(dá)到了非常重要的或可觀的程度，“重大的，可觀的”，能夠具體說明藥品使用方面，增長幅度巨大。significantly還可以替換成considerably，tremendously等，同樣具有不錯的表達(dá)效果。
如何構(gòu)建托福寫作的骨架
I 準(zhǔn)確的句子表達(dá)
1. 句型分析
英語的句型包括以下幾種，簡單句、復(fù)合句、并列句、并列復(fù)合句等。在新托福寫作中，一般使用復(fù)合句，輔以并列句和并列復(fù)合句，當(dāng)然肯定要有簡單句，做到長短句相結(jié)合。下面摘抄幾個句子給大家認(rèn)識并分析一下復(fù)合句和并列復(fù)合句。
a. Even though I usually know what I have to say, I cannot always express myself correctly in English.
這句話是一個復(fù)合句，由even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。
b. This challenges me to practice my spoken English, with the result that I can complete the speaking tasks more fluently and quickly.
這句話中是一個復(fù)合句。with介詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，有一個that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句對result進(jìn)行解釋說明。
c. I think this is less than ideal because any differences in opinion become personal conflicts, and therefore that might jeopardize the employee’s job.
托福寫作輔導(dǎo)指出上句話是一個并列復(fù)雜句。and 連接了兩個句子，是一個并列句;because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。
d. Shallow writing is indicative of weak critical-thinking skills, and such writing, which is often described as “sophomoric”, receives low mark.
這句話同樣是并列復(fù)雜句。由and連接兩個句子，成為并列句，再一個which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
2. 有問題的托福寫作句子的列舉
托福寫作中的句子容易出現(xiàn)三個問題：一是使用破碎句，二是使用接連句，三是句子連接不正確。
1). 破碎句
所謂破碎句，就是句子不完整，通常是沒有謂語(或者說謂語是動詞的非謂語形式，如分詞)，或者是從句單獨(dú)成句。
破碎句：She singing alone. (無謂語，singing是現(xiàn)在分詞)
正確句：She is singing alone.
破碎句：He did not come. Because he was sick. (從句單獨(dú)成句)
正確句：He did not come because he was sick.
2).接連句
所謂接連據(jù)，就是兩個句子直接連在一起，既未使用連詞，也未使用正確的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。
接連句: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers they have greater freedom in planning their time.
正確句一: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers. However, they have greater freedom in planning their time.
正確句二: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers; however, they have greater freedom in planning their time.
3).句子連接不正確
所謂托福 寫作句子連接不正確，就是兩個獨(dú)立的句子之間以逗號連接，這是不合英語語法的。正確的做法是以連詞、分號、冒號、句號等連接兩個句子。
不正確句: Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, there is no change in the composition of the chalk.
正確句： Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, so there is no change in the composition of the chalk.
II 高分表達(dá)
除了在句式上長短句相結(jié)合準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)外，小馬過河建議新托?？忌褂靡恍┨厥獾木涫?，以使句型多樣化。句型多樣化也是作文得到高分的條件之一。除了我們之前經(jīng)常提到的高分句式，如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、狀語前置、插入語等，筆者還提出另外一個句式的多樣變化，即主語多樣化。下面筆者將列舉幾個句子概括介紹前面四種句型，而重點(diǎn)分析主語多樣化。
正常句： Luck only works in extreme cases.
倒裝句： Only in extreme cases does luck work.(否定詞位于句首的倒裝。)
正常句： The internet provides people access to the latest information.
強(qiáng)調(diào)句： It is the internet that provides people access to the latest information. (強(qiáng)調(diào)the internet)
正常句： The environment has been deteriorating severely along with the development of industry.
狀語前置句： Along with the accelerating development of industry, the environment has been deteriorating severely.
正常句： However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’ natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a comfortable amount of space.
插入語： New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’ natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a comfortable amount of space. (連詞however做插入語)
主語多樣
1. 她突然想到了一個主意。
She suddenly had an idea.
通常情況下，考生會馬上對這句話進(jìn)行翻譯，基本不會動句子結(jié)構(gòu)。但是以人作為主語的英語句子總是不能夠很吸引人，所以這個句子如果稍微做下修改，以后面的賓語“主意”做主語，這個句子會發(fā)生一些變化。
2. 他開車心不在焉，幾乎闖禍。
He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an accident.
這句話依然是拿人做主語，稍微改一下，把心不在焉這個形容詞的名詞形式做主語，會大不相同。
His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
3. 美利堅(jiān)合眾國創(chuàng)立于1789年。
The United States of America was founded in 1789.
這句話沒有任何錯誤，但是不夠多樣，可以用時間作主語。
The year 1789 witnessed the founding of the United States of America.
III 實(shí)用句型
在托福 寫作文章的最后，為大家列舉幾個新托?？荚囍锌梢允褂玫奶子镁湫停瑸橐恍懢渥用恢^緒的考生提供幫助。
1. It pays to make great efforts to prepare for TOEFL-ibt.
努力準(zhǔn)備新托福考試是值得的。
2. Nothing is more important than to receive education.
沒有比接受教育更重要的了。
3. The reason why the white-collars suffer increasing work-related stress is that they pursue work achievement in career.
白領(lǐng)壓力日益增加的原因是他們在事業(yè)上有所追求。
4. It is time the related department took proper measures.
(虛擬句式)相關(guān)部門早該采取適當(dāng)?shù)?a href='http://www.yishupeixun.net/fwn/cuoshi/' target='_blank'>措施了)
托福寫作范文：當(dāng)老友做出不當(dāng)舉措是否應(yīng)該維持友誼
托福獨(dú)立寫作題目
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
If you and someone have been friends for a long time, you continue your friendship even if she does something you don’t like.
在老友做出一些讓我們不開心的舉措時，我們是否還要繼續(xù)這段友誼
托福獨(dú)立寫作范文
One of the most beautiful qualities of true friendship is to understand and to be understood. Thus when exposed to the topic whether we should try to keep the friendship when something unhappy occurs, I strongly contend that we should.
Nothing will be completely perfect in the world. Everyone was born to be a distinctive individual. We have different family education, growing up experiences, as well as characteristics, which gradually result in our possessing different values. Therefore our tastes and behaviors can never be the same. And thus it is quite acceptable that our friends may do something that we do not like, because they are not us. If we are looking for a friend who will never make us annoyed , we are not going to find one in reality. Besides it’s hardly a fair criticism that our friends have errors. We have never been close to perfect and sometimes it might be our faults . Once I read a short story about how to get along well with each other between two friends. And let’s call one girl Ann and the other Lucy. Ann did not like eating eggs while Lucy did. So every-time when Ann got one egg, she would directly give it to Lucy. However, one day when Ann wanted to have a taste of the egg, she just kept the egg without giving it to Lucy, which made Lucy quite angry. From this story, I think all of us need to ponder deeply over a question whether we have taken what our friends do for us for granted.
Besides, a considerate attitude is a must in true friendship. When something unhappy happens, we often tend to blame others. And in most cases, this way will worsen an embarrassing situation. The wise way is to examine ourselves first. Sometimes it is we who need to apologize to our friends. In other cases, if we realize our friends really make mistakes which quite hurt us, it is advisable that we tell them in a harmless way. I believe this is the most desirable method which can deepen our friendship,enable our friends to perfect themselves as well as make us more popular.
Finally, friends are lights in winter: the older the friend, the brighter the light.Ralph Waldo Emerson once said “It is one of the blessings of old friends that you can afford to be stupid with them”. Old friends are our valuable treasures. They are the ones who know our merits and demerits, who encourage us when we get depressed, who pick us up when we fall down, and who will company us when we are alone. If one day, they offend us by doing something we do not like, what we are supposed to do is figuring out what’s wrong with our friendship and doing our best to continue it instead of just blaming our friends or breaking up the friendship.
In a word, friendship will probably never be perfect, but that’s a small price to pay for what it does offer and we need to be responsible for maintaining it no matter what happens.
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