新托福閱讀有幾篇
新托福閱讀幾篇?為了幫助大家備考，下面小編就給大家分享一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案，更多資訊關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)啦!
新托福閱讀有幾篇
托福閱讀有幾篇?托?？荚囬喿x部分的正常題目量應(yīng)該是3篇文章，如果遇到托福閱讀加試題，一般會(huì)比正常的3篇+加試2篇，即總共五篇文章。
托福閱讀考試多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?
前三篇文章時(shí)間總計(jì)60分鐘。第一篇20分鐘倒計(jì)時(shí)，第二、三篇一起倒計(jì)時(shí)，共40分鐘，即20+40=60分鐘。但如果遇到托福閱讀加試題，考生將會(huì)在做了3篇文章后被要求再做2篇，計(jì)時(shí) 40分鐘，這樣閱讀部分總共計(jì)時(shí)為20+40+40=100分鐘。
下面先解析一下題目要求：
An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.
注意這樣三點(diǎn)：第一，要選擇三個(gè)選項(xiàng)來(lái)完成summary(總結(jié))，第二，已經(jīng)有一句summary提供出來(lái)了，第三，錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)是細(xì)節(jié)信息或者錯(cuò)誤信息。
那么其實(shí)最重要的是要分析原文的重點(diǎn)信息以及區(qū)別細(xì)節(jié)，辨別錯(cuò)誤信息。
但大多數(shù)的同學(xué)在完成前13道的時(shí)候并沒(méi)有注意段落的大意，所以在總結(jié)題時(shí)候只能靠印象去完成，那么如何去總結(jié)段落大意呢?接下來(lái)我我們梳理一下注意事項(xiàng)。
1. 重視標(biāo)題
2. 重視首段尾句，尤其是問(wèn)號(hào)句，轉(zhuǎn)折句，總結(jié)句，列舉句
3. 重視段落的第1-2句，尤其是抽象概括詞匯句(explanation，theory，consequences)，以及并列，讓步
4. 重視段落邏輯詞，如因果轉(zhuǎn)折并列，尤其是段尾轉(zhuǎn)折和并列
5. 重視段尾總結(jié)句
6. 重視否定題，目的題。
首先，重視標(biāo)題。標(biāo)題具有一定的指導(dǎo)意思，有的表示直接是含有問(wèn)題類(lèi)型的，如Which Hand Did They Use? 有標(biāo)題體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作型的，如The Formation of Volcanic Islands ， The Origins of Agriculture，The Decline of Venetian Shipping。有A and B型的，如Railroad and Commercial Agriculture in Nineteenth century，Energy and the Industrial Revolution，有名詞復(fù)數(shù)型，如 Characteristics of Roman Pottery。問(wèn)題型的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容肯定是對(duì)問(wèn)題的回答，動(dòng)作型是按時(shí)間順序去分析如何完成或者動(dòng)作的原因結(jié)果，A and B型一般會(huì)說(shuō)兩者的關(guān)系或者兩者對(duì)比，名詞復(fù)數(shù)就更好說(shuō)了，文章內(nèi)部的段落是按照并列結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)展開(kāi)。
第二，重視段落尾句，段落尾句時(shí)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)比較概括的或者啟下的句子，給我們指明了全文的重點(diǎn)，也可以是預(yù)判下文重點(diǎn)的一句。
TPO18-1:首段尾句it is important to understand the sources of their success.
本句啟示下文，根據(jù)抽象詞sources分析，下文表達(dá)成功的來(lái)源(原因)
TPO20-1: Why were these hundreds of thousands of settlers drawn away from the cleared fields and established cities and villages of the East?
本句啟示下文，此句是問(wèn)句，預(yù)判下文討論原因
TPO21-2: How did it come about that farming developed independently in a number of world centersat more or less the same time?
本句啟示下文，此句是問(wèn)句，預(yù)判下文討論原因
TPO21-3：What factors are responsible for this developmental turning point?
本句啟示下文，此句是問(wèn)句，預(yù)判下文討論原因
第三，重視段落的第1-2句，絕大多數(shù)的閱讀文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，所以首句會(huì)是全段的中心。
TPO22-1: 第三段段首句，Spartina is an exceedingly competitive plant. 下文解釋植物如何competitive。
第四段段首句，These characteristics make Spartina a valuable component of the estuaries where it occurs naturally.本句含有概括單詞 characteristics ，且是復(fù)數(shù)形式，下文解釋植物的什么特點(diǎn)使它如何valuable。
TPO21-3: 第二段段首句：Perhaps the explanation goes back to some ideas raised by，本句子含有概括單詞explanation，ideas，下文解釋ideas。
TPO30-1: 第三段段首句： Play is not without considerable costs to the individual animal.本句含有概括詞匯costs，且是復(fù)數(shù)形式，下文解釋play的代價(jià)。
第四第五，重視段落內(nèi)部的邏輯詞，如段落內(nèi)部含有another等表示并列的詞匯，那么本段是列舉的結(jié)構(gòu)，盡量把列舉的點(diǎn)記下來(lái)，如段落內(nèi)部含有thus等表示因果的詞匯，說(shuō)明thus后面為結(jié)論，結(jié)論則是段落的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，而非細(xì)節(jié)。如段尾處含有轉(zhuǎn)折，則表示本段后面部分是對(duì)前面的反駁，則盡量記住反駁的點(diǎn)。如下：
The benefits of play must outweigh costs, or play would not have evolved, according to Darwin' s theory. Some of the potential benefits relate directly to the healthy development of the brain and nervous system. In one research study, two groups of young rats were raised under different conditions. One group developed in an "enriched" environment, which allowed the rats to interact with other rats, play with toys, and receive maze training. The other group lived in an "impoverished" environment in individual cages in a dimly lit room with little stimulation. At the end of the experiments, the results showed that the actual weight of the brains of the impoverished rats was less than that of those raised in the enriched environment (though they were fed the same diets). Other studies have shown that greater stimulation not only affects the size of the brain but also increase the number of connections between the nerve cells. Thus, active play may provide necessary stimulation to the growth of synaptic connections in the brain, especially the cerebellum, which is responsible for motor functioning and movements.
首句+兩個(gè)并列句+段尾等于全段的總結(jié)。
第六，重視其它題型對(duì)于段落總結(jié)的指導(dǎo)意義。
一段出現(xiàn)否定題說(shuō)明對(duì)應(yīng)的段落多數(shù)應(yīng)該是并列的結(jié)構(gòu)，那么基本在完成否定題的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)將文章的大意把握住了，所以否定題題目和選項(xiàng)可以重點(diǎn)記住。如下
Paragraph 2: Medieval Europe gave new importance to reliable time. The Catholic Church had its seven daily prayers, one of which was at night, requiring an alarm arrangement to waken monks before dawn. And then the new cities and towns, squeezed by their walls, had to know and order time in order to organize collective activity and ration space. They set a time to go to sleep. All this was compatible with older devices so long as there was only one authoritative timekeeper; but with urban growth and the multiplication of time signals, discrepancy brought discord and strife. Society needed a more dependable instrument of time measurement and found it in the mechanical clock.
2. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are examples of the importance of timekeeping to medieval European society EXCEPT
○ the need of different towns to coordinate timekeeping with each other
○ the setting of specific times for the opening and closing of markets
○ the setting of specific time for the start and finish of the working day
○ the regulation of the performance of daily church rituals
本段重點(diǎn)在表達(dá)中世紀(jì)的歐洲認(rèn)為時(shí)間很重要(和否定題目一致)且體現(xiàn)在了很多方面，哪些方面呢，看選項(xiàng)(有一個(gè)是錯(cuò)誤，三個(gè)對(duì)的，這個(gè)要先辨別好)。
目的題同理，不過(guò)多贅述。
另：
小結(jié)題選項(xiàng)確定對(duì)應(yīng)一段的則選，確定不是的則排除，也可以待定，然后再分析待定選項(xiàng)。
細(xì)節(jié)和內(nèi)容錯(cuò)誤都可能出現(xiàn)
兩選項(xiàng)同屬于一段盡量二選一(不是百分之百)
多數(shù)選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)一段，也有半段或者兩段
詞匯概括的選中的幾率大一些，文章在講動(dòng)物，一個(gè)選項(xiàng)再叨叨一個(gè)猴子的事情，多半是細(xì)節(jié)沒(méi)跑了。
不要只看詞匯是概括的，注意選型句子的主干，可能主干是一些很細(xì)節(jié)的詞匯。
看完的同學(xué)去做題吧，方法看完要記得練習(xí)啊!!!
新托福閱讀真題分享
托福閱讀復(fù)習(xí)中，大家可以多參考往期的考試真題回憶，這有利于我們更好地掌握一些相關(guān)文章的背景知識(shí)，對(duì)于接下來(lái)的考試也是有很大的幫助的。為大家整理了最新的9月2日的托福閱讀考試題目，供大家參考。
托福閱讀考試日期：
2018年9月2日
新托福閱讀題目回憶：
Differences of Biodiversity in geographical patterns
赤道地區(qū)和溫帶地區(qū)物種的多樣性是不同的，熱帶地區(qū)物種多樣性要比溫帶好很多，然后舉了很多物種的例子;有很多理論提出來(lái)解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象。第一個(gè)理論是：熱帶地區(qū)接受的光照和降水要比溫帶地區(qū)多很多，意味著reproduce material 也要多很多，有助于植物的reproduce， reproductive的速度也好高很多，有利于多種生物的生存，但是溫帶地區(qū)就要少很多。舉了很多例子。第二個(gè)理論是：熱帶地區(qū)氣候比較穩(wěn)定;有利于多種多樣動(dòng)植物的進(jìn)化和發(fā)展在一個(gè)比較持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境中進(jìn)行，沒(méi)有干擾和中斷;但是溫帶地區(qū)氣候季節(jié)變化比較大，很多生物要存活下來(lái)要能夠忍受極端的寒冷，還舉了間冰期的例子。所以物種的存活和進(jìn)化需要很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。熱帶地區(qū)比溫帶地區(qū)持續(xù)的區(qū)間范圍大。熱帶地區(qū)是沿著赤道向南北延伸，是一個(gè)整塊的連續(xù)的地理范圍，但是溫帶地區(qū)是分別分散在北半球和南半球的。同時(shí)因?yàn)闊釒У貐^(qū)溫度較高，所以parasite 比較多，這樣就不利于同一種單一植物大范圍的生長(zhǎng)，擴(kuò)大了同種植物的地理間隔;而溫帶地區(qū)因?yàn)槎緯?huì)殺死一部分植物，所以很多植物是單一物種集中生長(zhǎng)的。 熱帶地區(qū)任何一個(gè)canopy都可能是一個(gè)community,環(huán)境適合多種生物生長(zhǎng)，但是溫帶地區(qū)則不然。
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新托福閱讀有幾篇
