2022初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)
2022初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)有哪些你知道嗎?學(xué)習(xí)英語可以幫助我們在學(xué)習(xí)語言的知識，同時(shí)擴(kuò)大知識面，可以把握時(shí)代的脈搏，提高自己的個(gè)人素質(zhì)。一起來看看2022初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)，歡迎查閱!
初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)歸納
I. 重點(diǎn)短語
1. at the moment
2. used to
3. for a while
4. walk away with sth.
5. leave for some place
6. sooner or later
7. pay for
8. come up with an idea
9. think of
10. have a try
11. all over the world
12. be famous for
13. large numbers of
14. all the year round
15. no matter what
16. give up
17. for example
18. by the way
19. on business
20. so far
21. come true
22. set off
23. slow down
24. go on doing
25. wait for
26. be proud of
27. be afraid of
28. speak highly of
29. a year and a half
30. half a year
31. pick up
32. as soon as
33. keep… clean
34. take care of
35. cut down
36. make a contribution to
37. base on
38. make sure
39. take away
40. begin with
41. right now
42. as soon as possible
43. leave a message
44. all kinds of things
45. walk around
46. fall asleep
47. wake up
48. go on a trip
49. have a good time
50. take photos
51. come out
52. come on
53. have a family meeting
54. talk about
55. go for a holiday
56 go scuba diving
57. write down
58. by oneself
59. walk along
60. get a chance to do sth
61. have a wonderful time
62. book a room
63. have an accident
64. be interested in
65. use sth. to do sth.
66. make a TV show
67. be amazed at
68. take part in
69. feed on
70. get out of
II. 重要句型
1. Why don’t you do sth.?
2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb.
4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth.
6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb.
8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what…
10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth.
12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth.
14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth. 16. It is said that…
III. 交際用語
1. --- Excuse me, have you got …?
--- Yes, I have. (Sorry, I haven’t.)
2. --- Why don’t you …?
--- Thanks, I will.
3. --- Thanks a lot. (Thank you very much.)
--- You are welcome.
4. --- Have you ever done…?
--- Yes, I have, once. (No, never.)
5. --- I’ve just done…
--- Really?
6. ---What’s …like ?
7. --- How long have you been…?
--- Since…
8. --- Have you ever been to…?
--- I’ve never been there. (None of us has./ Only …h(huán)as. )
9. --- Would you like to have a try?
--- I don’t think I can…
10. --- What have you done since…?
11. --- How long have you been at this …?
--- For…
12. --- How long has she/ he worked there…?
--- She’s / He’s worked there for… / all her / his life.
13. --- I’m sorry he isn’t here right now.
14. --- May I help you?
15. --- That’s very kind of you.
16. ---Could we go scuba diving?
17. --- Could you tell us how long we’re going to be away?
18. --- Let’s try to find some information about it, OK?
19. --- Could you please tell me how to search the Internet?
20. --- Go straight along here.
21. ---Please go to Gate 12.
22. --- Please come this way.
23. --- Could you tell me what you think about Hainan Island?
24. --- That sounds really cool!
IV. 重要語法
1. 賓語從句
2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
3. 一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法比較：
【名師講解】
1. Maybe/ may be
(1) maybe是副詞，意思是“大概，也許”，常用作狀語。
Maybe you put it in your bag.也許你把它放在包里了。
“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天來嗎?”“也許不”。
(2) may be相當(dāng)于是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may與be動(dòng)詞搭配一起作謂語，意思是“也許是…，可能是…”。
It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他們可能于九點(diǎn)到達(dá)。
The man may be a lawyer. 那人也許是律師。
2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use
(1) borrow表示的是從別人那里借來東西，即我們通常所說的“借進(jìn)來”。
We often borrow books from our school library.我們經(jīng)常從學(xué)校圖書館借書。
I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我從老師那兒借來了這本字典。
borrow是一個(gè)瞬間完成的動(dòng)作，因此不能與時(shí)間段連用。
You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 錯(cuò)誤 )
I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 錯(cuò)誤 )
(2) lend表示的是把自己的東西借給別人，即我們通常所說的“借出去”。
Thank you for lending me your bike.謝謝你把自行車借給我。
He often lends money to his brother.他經(jīng)常借錢給他弟弟。
lend與borrow一樣，也是一個(gè)瞬間完成的 動(dòng)作，不能與一段時(shí)間連用。
(3) keep的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借來后的保存或使用階段，是一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間，因此可以與時(shí)
間段連用。
You can keep my recorder for three days.我的錄音機(jī)你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for only one week.這本書我才剛借了一星期。
(4) use也可以當(dāng)“借用”講，但它的本意是“用，使用”。
May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下嗎?
He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用這部公用電話。
3. leave/ leave for
(1) leave意思是“離開，留下”。
We left Shanghai two years ago.我們兩年前離開了上海。
He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手機(jī)落在出租車?yán)锪恕?/p>
(2) leave for意思是“前往”，表示要去的目的地。
We will leave for Tibet next month.我們將于下月去西藏。
The train is leaving for Moscow.這趟火車即將開往莫斯科。
4. since/ for
(1) since用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，既能用作介詞，也能用作連詞，后常接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，意思是“自從”。
He has been a worker since he came into this city.
自從他來到這個(gè)城市，他就是工人了。
I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .
自從我們上次在上海見過之后，我再也沒見過他。
since作連詞，還有“既然”的意思。
Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你對它感興趣，那就做吧。
You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.
既然你已經(jīng)做完了功課，就開心玩會兒吧。
(2) for用于完成時(shí)，用作介詞，后常接一段時(shí)間，意思是“經(jīng)過…”。
I have learned English for five years.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了五年英語了。
They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他們已經(jīng)等了你三十分鐘了。
for也可以用作連詞，但意思是“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>
They missed the flight for they were late.他們由于完到了而誤了航班。
He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多種原因病倒了。
9. except/ besides
(1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“撇開…不談”,表示兩部分的不同。
Everyone is excited except me.
除我以外的每個(gè)人都很激動(dòng)。(他們激動(dòng)，而我卻不激動(dòng))
All the visitors are Japanese except him.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人，可他不是)
(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除了”，可以理解為“除之外…還、除之外…又”，表示兩部分的相似性。
Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外，還有25個(gè)學(xué)生去看了電影。(他和另外25人都去了)
We like biology besides English.
除了英語外，我們還喜歡生物。(生物和英語都喜歡)
besides還可用作副詞，意思是“此外;而且”，常用于句首或句尾。
He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician.
他是一名偉大的思想家，除此以外，他還是一位政治家。
They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides.
他們不僅鼓勵(lì)我，而且與我以金錢上的支持。
10. keep doing/ keep on doing
(1) keep doing指的是連續(xù)地、堅(jiān)持不斷地做某事，中間不間斷。
It kept blowing for a whole day.刮了一整天風(fēng)了。
The temperature keeps dropping.溫度持續(xù)下降。
(2) keep on doing是指反復(fù)堅(jiān)持做某事，但動(dòng)作之間略有間隔。
They have kept on writing to each other for many years.他們已經(jīng)互相通信多年了。
After drinking some water, he kept on talking.喝了一些水后，他堅(jiān)持講話。
11. seem/ look
(1) seem一般著重于以客觀跡象為依據(jù)，意思是“似乎、好象、看起來…”。
The baby seems to be happy.嬰兒看上去似乎很高興。
He seemed to be sorry for that.他似乎為那件事感到抱歉。
seem能與to do結(jié)構(gòu)連用，而look不能。
It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。
They seemed to have finished their work.他們似乎已經(jīng)完成了工作。
在it作形式主語的句型中只能用seem。
It seems that he is quite busy now.他現(xiàn)在看起來很忙。
It seems to us that there is nothing serious.在我看來沒什么大不了的。
(2) look用作“看起來;好像”時(shí)，常從物體的外觀或樣貌上來判斷，是以視覺所接受的印象為依據(jù)的。
The room looks clean.這間房看起來很干凈。
The girl looks like her mother.那女孩看起來向她的媽媽。
12. such/ so
(1)such常用作形容詞，用來修飾名詞。
Don’t be such a fool.別這么傻。
He is such a clever boy.他是如此聰明的一個(gè)男孩。
(2) so是副詞，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。
He is so kind! 他真好心!
Why did you come so late? 你為何回來得如此晚?
當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少時(shí)，應(yīng)該用so。
He has so many friends.他有如此多的朋友。
Only so little time is left! 才剩這么一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間!
13. either/ too/ also
(1)either用作“也”時(shí)是副詞，常用于否定句句尾。
She is not a Japanese, I’m not, either.她不是日本人，我也不是。
My sister doesn’t like this song, either.我妹妹也不喜歡這首歌。
(2)too常用于肯定句或疑問句尾，表示“也”。
He likes China, too.他也喜歡中國。
Are you in Grade 3, too? 你也在三年級嗎?
(3)also也常用于肯定句或疑問句，但一般位于句中。
We are also students.我們也是學(xué)生。
He also went there on foot.他也是走著去的。
Did you also want to have a look? 你也想看看嗎?
【考點(diǎn)掃描】
中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：
1. 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序;
2. 一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別;
3. 本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型;
4. 本單元學(xué)習(xí)的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題)
---Do you know ________________?
---Only ten months old.
A. when does Tiger Woods start golfing
B. when did Tiger Woods start golfing
C. when Tiger Woods starts golfing
D. when Tiger Woods started golfing
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語序。這個(gè)賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，應(yīng)為這里說的是過去的事情。語序應(yīng)用陳述句的語序，所以正確答案是: when Tiger Woods started golfing。
2. (2004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題)
I’m interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal hospital.
A. pay B. get C. take D. spend
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是pay, get, take和spend這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。只有動(dòng)詞spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth. 這個(gè)句型里，所以正確答案影視spend。
3. (2004年天津市中考試題)
Could I ________ your telephone? I have something important to tell my parents.
A. keep B. borrow C. use D. lend
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是keep, borrow, use和lend四個(gè)動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。keep的真正含義是“保留”，borrow的含義是“借入”，lend的含義是“借出”，只有use的含義是“使用”。在這個(gè)句子里實(shí)際上是“使用”的意思，所以應(yīng)選use。
4. (2004年鄂州市中考試題)
---Hi, Ann. Where’s your brother? I need his help.
---He left home two weeks ago and _____away ever since.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法區(qū)別。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在所處的狀態(tài);一般過去時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作或過去所處的狀態(tài);過去完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作或過去的時(shí)間以前發(fā)生的事情;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或剛剛結(jié)束。這里只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
初三上冊英語知識點(diǎn)
一. 定義：
由to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。不定式是一種非限定性動(dòng)詞。而非限定動(dòng)詞是指那些在句中不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)謂語的動(dòng)詞，可分為不定式，動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞?！皠?dòng)詞不定式”由動(dòng)詞+不定式構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分。動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進(jìn)行式。
二. 動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成：to+動(dòng)詞原形
(1)作主語
動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種： (1)把不定式置于句首。
如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
(2)用it作形式主語，把真正的主語不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。
如：
It+be+名詞+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.
It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work?
It+be+形容詞+for sb+to do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
It+be+形容詞+of sb+to do It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.
It seems(appears)+形容詞+to do It seemed impossible to save money.
在句型中，常用表示客觀情況的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary 等;
在句型中，常用careless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，nice，right，silly，stupid，wise等 表示贊揚(yáng)或批評的詞。
在不定式前的sb，可看作其邏輯主語。這一句式有時(shí)相當(dāng)于Sb is+形容詞+to do句式 ，如：It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.
(3)舉例
(1) It's easy (for me) to do that.我做這事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
1、It's so nice to hear your voice.
聽到你的聲音真高興。
2、It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
當(dāng)你不用車的時(shí)候，鎖車是有必要的。
(2) It's very kind of him to help us. 他幫助我們，他真好。
Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考慮周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
1、It was silly of us to believe him. 我們真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
2、It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這顯得太自私了。
注意：
(1) 其他系動(dòng)詞如，look，appear等也可用于此句型
(2) 不定式作為句子成分時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
(3) 當(dāng)不定式作主語的句子中又有一個(gè)不定式作表語時(shí)，不能用It is… to…的句型
(對)To see is to believe. 眼見為實(shí)。
(錯(cuò))It is to believe to see.
三. 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語
后面能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。
1、We hope to get there before dark. 我們希望天黑以前到那兒。
2、The man decided to do it herself. 那個(gè)男人決定自己做那件事。
動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)(2點(diǎn))
1. 有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但含義不同：
remember to do 記住要做某事
remember doing 記得曾經(jīng)做過某事
forget to do忘記要做某事
forget doing 忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事
stop to do 停下來去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
go on to do 繼續(xù)做另一件事
go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來在做的事
2. 不定式作賓語時(shí)，如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式賓語，構(gòu)成“主語+動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)(形容詞、名詞)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。
如：He found it very difficult to get to sleep.他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。
四. 動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語
1. 后面能接to不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老師要我們做練習(xí)一。
I want both of you to go. 我要你們倆去。
We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我們幫助她修理自行車。
2. 使役動(dòng)詞let, have, make及感官動(dòng)詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。
Let’s have a rest. 我們休息一會吧。
I saw him come in. 我看見他進(jìn)來了。
感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可跟v-ing作賓補(bǔ)，前者表示動(dòng)作的全部過程已結(jié)束;后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
I saw him come downstairs.我看見他下了樓。(說明他下樓了這件事)
I saw him coming downstairs.我看見他在下樓。(說明他下樓時(shí)的情景)
五. 動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語
Later he left home to work in different cities. 不久他離開家到不同的城市工作。
He went to see a football match. 他去看足球比賽了。
In order to catch the other students, I must work hard.
為了趕上其他同學(xué)，我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)。
六. 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語
不定式作定語一般放在所修飾的詞的后面。
I need something to eat.
Do you have something to read?
Tom was so excited that he had no word to say.
He is really a fool only to eat.
The man to stand here just now is our English teacher.
The doctor had no way to save the patient.
注意：
(1)作定語的不定式是由及物動(dòng)詞組成，被修飾的名詞或代詞與不定式之間存在方位或方式關(guān)系需要有介詞。
I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一間住房。(方位關(guān)系)
We have many things to do experiments with.
我們有許多做實(shí)驗(yàn)的東西(方式關(guān)系)
(2)作定語的不定式是由“be + adj + prep”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語。
Here there isn’t any book for me to be interested in.
We have done many things to proud of. 我們做了許多引以自豪的事。
七. 動(dòng)詞不定式作主語
To give is better than to receive.
To reach there on foot is impossible.
動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)，可以用it 代替，把實(shí)際主語不定式放在后面。
It’s better to give than to receive.
It’s impossible to reach there on foot.
It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.
It’s not difficult for me to study English well.
It’s easy for him to work out this math problem.
在這個(gè)句型中，如果形容詞與不定式的邏輯主語關(guān)系密切，并且形容詞用來說明邏輯主語的性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等，由of引出邏輯主語。這類形容詞主要有nice, kind, good, wrong, right等。
八. 動(dòng)詞不定式和疑問詞連用
動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問詞what, which, how, where, when連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語，可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。
How to do is still a question.
Have you decided when to leave?
九. 動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式
動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是在to前加not;不帶to的不定式則在動(dòng)詞前加not. 如：
Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 張明要我不要整天呆在家里。
My mother let me not do it by myself. 媽媽讓我不要獨(dú)自做這件事。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)：
英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)
主動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Active Voice)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
被動(dòng)語態(tài)(The Passive Voice)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。
構(gòu)成：承受者+助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞am / is/are +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
一般過去時(shí)：承受者+助動(dòng)詞was / were +及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+助動(dòng)詞shall / will be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+助動(dòng)詞 have/ has been+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
承受者+ can /may/must/should +be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+執(zhí)行者
被動(dòng)語態(tài)用法：
1)當(dāng)我們不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或者沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
2)當(dāng)我們需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),常用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
3)如果需要說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者, 用by引導(dǎo)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。
主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要與原句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。
主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)有以下幾種情況：
1)主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語
將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。
(主動(dòng))We bought a book yesterday.
(被動(dòng))The book was bought yesterday.
2)主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語
將主動(dòng)語態(tài)中一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。多數(shù)情況下將間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z。如果直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z時(shí)，間接賓語前要加介詞to / for。
(主動(dòng))He showed me a book yesterday.
(被動(dòng))I was showed a book yesterday.
(被動(dòng))The book was showed to me yesterday.
3)主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+復(fù)合賓語
含有一個(gè)由賓語加賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語保留不變，成為主語補(bǔ)足語。
(主動(dòng))I found him a good pupil. (賓語補(bǔ)足語)
(被動(dòng))He was found a good pupil. (主語補(bǔ)足語)
4)短語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)
有些短語動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，其后可以接賓語，因此它們也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，但短語動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不可去掉其后面的介詞或副詞。
(主動(dòng))We should look after the patients very well.
(被動(dòng))The patients should be looked after very well by us.
5)賓語從句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)
若主動(dòng)語態(tài)中是賓語從句，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)常用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語放在后面。
It’s said that he passed the exam.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)特殊問題：
(1)不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。
(主動(dòng))The students in class listen to the teacher carefully.
(被動(dòng))The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class.
(2)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語時(shí)，并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”。
(主動(dòng))They make do all the work.
(被動(dòng))We were made to do all the work.
(主動(dòng))We often hear her sing English songs.
(被動(dòng))She is often heard to sing English songs.
(主動(dòng))I see him walk to school.
(被動(dòng))He is seen to walk to school.
初中英語怎么學(xué)才能提高
1、背誦單詞、搭配。
單詞是英語的一大基礎(chǔ)，單詞不過關(guān)，就別想學(xué)好英語了。常常看到有學(xué)生一個(gè)字母一個(gè)字母背背一個(gè)單詞，或者在紙上把這個(gè)單詞抄10遍。這樣做即便記住了單詞，也只是這一時(shí)，考試就忘了。而且，這種做法也只能記住幾十個(gè)單詞，單詞多的話就不管用了。最好用的方法就是通過音標(biāo)記單詞，每個(gè)字母的發(fā)音其實(shí)就幾種，只要熟練音標(biāo)和字母在單詞中常見的發(fā)音，那么當(dāng)聽到一個(gè)單詞，基本上就能拼寫下這個(gè)單詞。即便是沒有學(xué)過的單詞，也能根據(jù)音標(biāo)寫個(gè)大概的模樣。而至于要保證寫對，海博老師建議，可以把每個(gè)單詞做個(gè)小卡片，睡前翻一遍，連續(xù)幾天就能掌握這些單詞了。至于搭配，最好的辦法就是放到句子里。比如說動(dòng)詞搭配，只要造一個(gè)簡單的句子，多讀幾遍，就能記住了。英語中的一些搭配，其實(shí)就是一些不成文的規(guī)定。簡單來說，就是固定出現(xiàn)，固定這么用，千萬別去鉆牛角尖。
2、背誦作文范例和典型句式。
找一些優(yōu)秀的范文背誦，這一點(diǎn)相信每個(gè)學(xué)生都會做。但是，背誦范文，不是背誦內(nèi)容，而是要了解句型和行文思路。所以，建議對每一篇作文都畫一個(gè)流程圖，了解思路，然后在流程圖中，標(biāo)明作文中用到比較好的句型，然后在自己寫作的時(shí)候，嘗試用上這些句型。但是，一定要充分了解這些句型的用法和意思，千萬不要生搬硬套。
3、科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)方法。
首先是，勞逸結(jié)合。學(xué)習(xí)是一件費(fèi)精力的事情，并不是花的時(shí)間越多越好，而是要學(xué)會恰當(dāng)?shù)姆潘膳c學(xué)習(xí)。你可以利用早上的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語、然后間接性休息，再學(xué)習(xí)其他的學(xué)科知識，交換著來，效果更好;
其次是，了解自己的弱項(xiàng)。每個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)都會有不足的地方，所以，找到自己的初中英語語法弱項(xiàng)，針對性的練習(xí)與請教他人，才能更好的進(jìn)步。
最后是，多動(dòng)筆。俗話說：好記性不如爛筆頭。只要把學(xué)到的知識試著多去運(yùn)用，按照考試的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去造句寫文章，才能“下筆如有神”。
4、積極地英語學(xué)習(xí)心態(tài)。
學(xué)習(xí)是一件需要長久堅(jiān)持的事情，不要三天打魚兩天曬網(wǎng)，然后還苦惱自己為什么一點(diǎn)效果都沒有。
首先要擺正心態(tài)，正確認(rèn)識學(xué)習(xí)英語的兩面性。堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)并且善于運(yùn)用，時(shí)間久了總是會有回報(bào)的。
然后，了解學(xué)習(xí)的枯燥但能夠勇敢面對。學(xué)習(xí)不是娛樂，但可以把學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)成娛樂，可以學(xué)會做能讓自己感興趣的事情與學(xué)英語相關(guān)聯(lián)，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語的趣味性，學(xué)會放松自己，給自己減壓，多與朋友同學(xué)交流溝通、或與老師交流問題。
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2022初三英語上冊知識點(diǎn)
