托福口語(yǔ)怎么進(jìn)行理由展開(kāi)
理由是新托?？谡Z(yǔ)技巧中的必備，那么理由該如何展開(kāi)呢?什么樣的理由比較適合呢?下面我們一起來(lái)看一下。
如何展開(kāi)托?？谡Z(yǔ)理由
新托福寫(xiě)作理由要遵循以下幾個(gè)原則：
1、什么是合適的理由?
a. 理由要切題，不能和所討論話(huà)題無(wú)關(guān)、或關(guān)聯(lián)太小。
比如：圖書(shū)館投資書(shū)還是計(jì)算機(jī)話(huà)題，有人說(shuō)買(mǎi)計(jì)算機(jī)好是因?yàn)椋河?jì)算機(jī)的屏幕看起來(lái)很舒服，而且可以越做越大(圖書(shū)館是用來(lái)獲得信息的，大屏幕計(jì)算機(jī)有點(diǎn)奢侈吧?不是主要理由);有人說(shuō)計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)現(xiàn)代人很重要找工作都要求計(jì)算機(jī)能力，所以投資計(jì)算機(jī)。(這個(gè)干脆就跑題了。他應(yīng)該是用來(lái)說(shuō)明大學(xué)里開(kāi)始計(jì)算機(jī)課是必須的這個(gè)話(huà)題的。)
b. 理由不能過(guò)于道德低下，也不能過(guò)于高尚。
比如：用計(jì)算機(jī)打字好還是筆寫(xiě)好，有人說(shuō)打字好，這樣寫(xiě)恐嚇信不會(huì)被警方識(shí)破。為錢(qián)工作還是為興趣工作，有人說(shuō)為興趣工作，認(rèn)為錢(qián)根本不重要，只要自己感興趣，完全可以不要錢(qián)，“全心全意為人服務(wù)”了，好象連BASIC NECESSATIES都不要，餓著肚皮就可以工作了。(應(yīng)該說(shuō)錢(qián)不是首要目的，有一些能夠滿(mǎn)足生活的基本需要就行了，不能成為工作的唯一目的。)
c. 理由不能違背話(huà)題的一般性
比如：圖書(shū)館投資書(shū)還是計(jì)算機(jī)話(huà)題， 有人說(shuō)我們圖書(shū)館早已經(jīng)配備好的全新的PII了，不用再投資計(jì)算機(jī)了，全部去買(mǎi)書(shū)吧。 這就違背了話(huà)題的愿意：把兩種信息的媒介對(duì)比優(yōu)勝劣汰。
d. 理由不要在政治上敏感。
比如：讓你重新生活一次，你選擇何時(shí)何地有人說(shuō)，選擇科索沃，要成為一位杰出將領(lǐng)，重創(chuàng)北約……
2、是否可以寫(xiě)折衷型文章。如果可以注意什么?
有些話(huà)題可以寫(xiě)，但需要周密思維，兩者能夠有機(jī)的協(xié)調(diào)在一起，還良好語(yǔ)言底，一般同學(xué)成幾率只占20%，所以不建議寫(xiě)。如：室內(nèi)、室外活動(dòng)哪個(gè)你喜歡，為什么。有人描述了各自好處，結(jié)尾綜合提到他們共同決定人的健康，一個(gè)physically， 一個(gè)spiritually. 要注意兩面的優(yōu)點(diǎn)缺點(diǎn)都有所涉及，并提出可行的折衷辦法。有些話(huà)題是絕對(duì)不可以折衷的。比如投資一類(lèi)的，買(mǎi)書(shū)還是買(mǎi)計(jì)算機(jī)，總不能買(mǎi)舊書(shū)和二手電腦吧。
新托福寫(xiě)作如何展開(kāi)你的理由就介紹此，希望上述的信息可以給大家一些積極地參考價(jià)值，并實(shí)際的運(yùn)用到托福備考中。
托?？谡Z(yǔ)：萬(wàn)能的十二個(gè)理由
托?？谡Z(yǔ)中經(jīng)常會(huì)問(wèn)到：你的職業(yè)理想是什么?你最喜歡的餐館是什么?你最喜歡的交通工具是什么?等等諸如此類(lèi)的問(wèn)題。雖然這些問(wèn)題不可能提前猜到，不過(guò)，類(lèi)似這樣的問(wèn)題，卻可以統(tǒng)一備考。下面為大家總結(jié)“托?？谡Z(yǔ)12個(gè)萬(wàn)能理由”，希望大家能夠熟練運(yùn)用。
(1) 建筑和地方
In this wide world, there are thousands of amazing architectures. As for myself, my favorite is undoubtedly the Great Wall. Why? That’s simple. The following reasons will sufficiently illustrate what I say.
First and foremost, the most self- evident reason why I like the Great Wall so much is basically because it symbolizes our Chinese’s great intelligence and hard-work. It’s hard to imagine at that time people can build such huge architecture. Even in modern times, it seems a mission impossible. What’s more, it in some way improves the economic development of China because it attracts thousands of tourists around the world. Meanwhile, it also helps more foreigners to learn about the traditional Chinese culture. Anyway, I love Great Wall.
(2)動(dòng)物
Who is the best friend to our human beings? With no further doubts, dogs. For me, dogs are always my friend and company.
The reasons why I am so fascinated with dogs can be best summarized as the followings. As for the very first reason, it is apparently because dog is the most loyal and helpful animal in the world. There are many stories about the dog saving his master in all countries. What’s more, dogs are docile and lovely. It is said that dogs are used to watch doors since the ancient time. And no matter old or young, people all love to keep dogs as their ideal pets. Nowadays when our friends are becoming less and less, dog can make your best company. You can imagine what a happy picture it is that a dog shakes its tail and barks to you when you open the door. Anyway, I am so proud to say that I am a dog lover.
(3)學(xué)科/比賽/興趣愛(ài)好/休閑方式
Although there are many kinds of subjects, my priority is PE lesson.
The reasons why I am so fascinated with PE lesson can be best summarized as the followings. It is quite convincing to say that the most significant reason consists in the fact that it can keep you as fit as a fiddle. From my own perspective, I think health is the most important aspect to our life. By doing some exercises in PE lesson, we can not only relax from our heavy study pressure, but also we can have a perfect figure. What’s more, when we are talking about PE lessons, it is impossible not to mention the spirit of “persistence” which we can learn from the games in PE lesson. You know, when we are playing football, everyone tries their best. The truth is that as long as we persist, we will finally win the game no matter how tough it is.
(4)歌曲或音樂(lè)
Have you ever given any thought to what is your favorite song? I sure did. People’s answer might differ greatly from one or another. Mine, however, is hero. I’d like to recommend this song to everyone.
At the very beginning, I’d like to mention the most curious reason why I am so attracted by this song. You know, it tells us a story about confidence and courage. Whenever I am down, I always listen to this song and it will immediately cheer me up. What’s more, I love this kind of music style. I prefer some songs with slow and emotional rhythms because when I am listening, I can think and appreciate the real meaning of the song. Personally, I can’t bear those rock and roll songs. I think they are too noisy. Therefore I will recommend this song to everyone.
(5) 職業(yè)和夢(mèng)想
Have you ever given any thought to your dream? I sure did. People’s answer might differ greatly from one or another. Mine, however, is to become a business man/ woman.
The reasons why I dream of becoming a business man/ woman can be best summarized as the followings. (女版)In the modern world, women are no longer the subordinates of men. We have our own rights and can achieve our goals as men do. (男版)You know, my father, a great man who I admire so much, is a very successful business man and sets an excellent example for me since I was a child. So I strongly believe that I have the ability to become a successful business woman/ man. But before I realize my dream, I must make full preparations. Now I am planning to study overseas. I think it’s the first step to this dream. After my graduation, I will pursue my career in some international companies to gain more experiences. When I think my preparation is done, I will try to set up my own company. I strongly believe that with my ambition, confidence and diligence I will finally realize this dream.
(6)食物或自己國(guó)家最有特色的東西
You might hesitate about what to choose before the bewildered dozens of food. As far as I am concerned, my choice, however, is always dumplings for its uniqueness and charm. I love eating dumplings, especially ones cooked by my mum.
As for the very first reason, it is apparently because it is the symbol of Chinese food. It is so amazing that you can learn a lot about the traditional Chinese culture through eating dumplings. What’s more, it is because of its flavor. It’s really delicious. Some dumplings are made of pork and beef, and others are made of sea food. You can almost taste all kinds of delicious food through eating dumplings. When we are talking about dumplings, it is impossible not to mention that it is also the symbol of reunion in China. So whenever I eat dumplings, I think of my family.
托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)是否給出理由越多表明思考越全面
托福備考之路上，不少同學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)舉步維艱，想取得一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)進(jìn)步需要付出巨大的努力。北京新東方李彥彬老師在為大家的托福備考之路保駕護(hù)航，解答有關(guān)托?？谡Z(yǔ)考試技巧的相關(guān)問(wèn)題。
在托?？谡Z(yǔ)答題過(guò)程中是不是給出的理由越多顯得我思考越周全?
恰好相反，給出的理由越多，說(shuō)明細(xì)節(jié)越少，內(nèi)容中越膚淺。
畢竟托?？谡Z(yǔ)是計(jì)時(shí)考試，在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)，細(xì)節(jié)量與理由量是成反比的。因此為了盡量多的闡述細(xì)節(jié)，我們要盡量少的給理論點(diǎn)。
我們通常如果可以盡量一個(gè)理由加展開(kāi)占滿(mǎn)全文，如果實(shí)在不足以撐滿(mǎn)45秒，才給出第二個(gè)理論點(diǎn)湊數(shù)。
如何展開(kāi)托福口語(yǔ)話(huà)題才能一個(gè)論點(diǎn)說(shuō)滿(mǎn)45秒
有四種比較常見(jiàn)的展開(kāi)方式能夠幫助大家快速構(gòu)思出足夠的內(nèi)容說(shuō)滿(mǎn)45秒種，具體如下：講道理、舉例子、作對(duì)比、給數(shù)據(jù)。
其中“講道理”是同學(xué)們最常用的展開(kāi)方式，就事論事就題論題，但是能說(shuō)出來(lái)的內(nèi)容量不可控，容易出現(xiàn)說(shuō)到一半無(wú)法繼續(xù)的情況。
“舉例子”并不真正需要背很多實(shí)際的例子，比如Harry Potter, Pride and Prejudice, Bill Gates, Steve Jobs等等。一是范圍龐大，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，二是容易因?yàn)閮?nèi)容解釋不清或者有偏差而外增加被扣分的原因。只要找到一個(gè)常用的對(duì)象去旅行“例子的內(nèi)容即可。
“作對(duì)比”是最推薦的展開(kāi)方式，是最好用也學(xué)的最快的方式。學(xué)生可以養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，在每道題中尋找對(duì)比點(diǎn)，如果“選這項(xiàng)”和“不選這項(xiàng)”對(duì)比、“同意”和“不同意”對(duì)比、“選前者”和“選后者”對(duì)比等等，一旦找到對(duì)比點(diǎn)，就不愁內(nèi)容不夠說(shuō)滿(mǎn)45秒了。
“給數(shù)據(jù)”是能夠錦上添花的展開(kāi)方式，在以上方式已運(yùn)用的基礎(chǔ)上，加數(shù)據(jù)以支持，論點(diǎn)更加強(qiáng)有力。
為了讓大家更好的理解以上的方法論，特奉上以下例題：
Some people have one career throughout their lives. Other people do different kinds of work at different points in their lives. Which do you think is better? Explain why.
Sample Answer:
I think having one career throughout one’s life is way better than doing different jobs at different points in his life.(點(diǎn)題)
because he has a chance to be the expert in his field and be respected.(理由)
For example, my father changed his job every 2 to 3 years, but he only got to do all the entry-level tasks, and hardly mastered any key skills, so he kept getting replaced.(舉例，對(duì)比正方+數(shù)據(jù))
By contrast, my mother has been a dentist for 30 years and nobody can ever replace her. (舉例，對(duì)比反方+數(shù)據(jù))
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