BEC商務(wù)英語中級(jí)閱讀真題及參考答案
bec中級(jí)其實(shí)不算特別難，是介于cet4到cet6的難度，只要我們認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇季蜁?huì)通過的，為了方便大家的備考，下面小編給大家?guī)?020年bec中級(jí)真題及答案。
BEC商務(wù)英語中級(jí)閱讀真題
BUFFET ZONE
Lucy Robertson started working at a takeaway food business to supplement her income during her student days at Edinburgh University, Several years later she had bought the business and now, 17 years on, she owns Grapevine Caterers, probably Scotland's leading independent caterers, with a turnover of almost ￡6m.
She had never planned to own a business, and had certainly never considered a career in catering. (0)... ... . However, her unplanned career began in 1985, when she returned to Edinburgh and discovered that the takeaway she had worked in was up for sale. On impulse, she bought it, but admits that at the time she knew nothing about catering. (8).........It was a difficult time, but essential in terms of gaining the experience she needed. The late 1980s boom was good for business, with large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway food for their lunches. (9)........'At one point there were 26 food outlets within a 5-kilometre radius,' Robertson recalls. As the economy changed and the once packed office blocks started tobecome vacant, it became clear that Robertson would need to diversify.(10)........It changed the direction of the company for good.
As Robertson began to win catering contracts, she decided that the company would have to move to larger premises. In 1994, the move was made when she bought another catering business that already had a number of profitable contracts for boardroom lunches.
Meanwhile, Robertson's main competitor, the oldest catering company in Edinburgh, was causing her some anxiety. 'Customer loyalty is not to be underestimated,' she warns. But Robertson is not someone who is easily put off.(11)........Partly as a result of this, turnover doubled, and having outgrown another site, Robertson bought a city-centre location for the group's headquarters.
By now, Grapevine's main competitor was a new catering company called Towngates. Although Robertson tried to raise enough money to buy Towngates, she did not succeed.Then luck intervened and Towngates went bankrupt. (12)........Many accepted and the company's turnover went from ￡700,000 to ￡l .5 million almost overnight.
However, the company's growth was not as smooth as it sounds in retrospect. Robertson admits, 'We were close to the edge during the growth period. Like many under-capitalised companies trying to grow, it might easily have collapsed.' But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing your own business.
A But there are plenty of similar contracts to be won in the east of Scotland before Robertson turns her attention elsewhere.
B Her way round this particular problem was to recruit the catering manager of the rival company.
C But this demand was short-lived, and before long, increasing competition made it harder to make a profit.
D 'It was a dramatic learning curve and very small amounts of money were earned at first,’says Robertson.
E She decided that the solution, since many companies required working lunches for meetings with clients, was to prepare and deliver meals to business premises.
F On hearing this, Robertson immediately contacted all of their clients and offered the services of Grapevine Caterers.
G Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steady if unspectacular professional path seemed set.
BEC商務(wù)英語中級(jí)閱讀真題參考答案
《Buffet Zone》，自助餐區(qū)域，在這篇文章里的意思應(yīng)該是自助餐領(lǐng)域，講的是一個(gè)在自助餐領(lǐng)域取得了驚人成績(jī)的杰出女性創(chuàng)業(yè)的故事。這套題目不難，尤其比起第四輯的題目。文章本身有很清晰的故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，選項(xiàng)和原文的對(duì)應(yīng)也比較明顯。文章的幾個(gè)段落是按照時(shí)間先后、故事發(fā)生的先后進(jìn)行的，很明確。第一段是總括，第二段是講的創(chuàng)業(yè)起步階段的一些困難以及應(yīng)對(duì)困難的對(duì)策，第三段是公司好轉(zhuǎn)后的辦公室重置(relocation)，第四、五段是公司的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)情況，最后一段總結(jié)。
第八題，前面說一時(shí)沖動(dòng)她買下了這個(gè)外賣餐館(takeaway)，事實(shí)上那個(gè)時(shí)候她對(duì)餐飲業(yè)一無所知?？崭窈竺嬲f的是這段時(shí)間很困難，但是對(duì)獲得所需要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)卻是很有必要的。所以第八題的空格部分應(yīng)該填入跟學(xué)習(xí)、積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。D選型最吻合，It was a dramatic learning curve，這里的learning是關(guān)鍵詞，很明顯的答案信號(hào)。還有very small amounts of money were earned at first，at first也是關(guān)鍵詞。
第九題，空格前面說large numbers of office workers wanting takeaway food for their lunches，大量的辦公室員工需要外賣食品做午飯，這里的wanting是個(gè)很關(guān)鍵的詞?？崭窈竺嬖掍h一轉(zhuǎn)，說曾經(jīng)一度5公里內(nèi)有26家食品商店，但是經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變了，一條街都空了(blocks started to become vacant)。從上下文來分析，第九空的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該和辦公室員工的外賣需求有關(guān)，同時(shí)帶有轉(zhuǎn)折意思。C選項(xiàng)完全符合這一條件：但是這種需求是短暫的，不久，逐漸增長(zhǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)使得贏得利潤(rùn)變得更加困難。
第十題，上文說經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)變了，所以Robertson決定從事多樣化的經(jīng)營。后面說這種做法永遠(yuǎn)的改變了公司的經(jīng)營方式。所以第十空應(yīng)該填入相應(yīng)的對(duì)策，怎么樣來應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的轉(zhuǎn)變。符合這一條件的是B和E，都是關(guān)于解決問題的，但是B選項(xiàng)所說的招募競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的餐廳經(jīng)理在上下文內(nèi)容中沒有提到。應(yīng)該選D，為商業(yè)大廈送飯，正好對(duì)應(yīng)下一段所說的。
第十一題，這一題才應(yīng)該選B，前面說競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手給自己造成了很大的困擾。但是Robertson卻不是那么容易屈服的人。后面說部分原因是這個(gè)，營業(yè)額翻倍了。所以中間應(yīng)該也是填入對(duì)策。和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手有關(guān)的，應(yīng)該選B，B的particular是個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，rival company也很明顯。
第十二題，前面說Robertson想收購一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，但是沒成功，結(jié)果人家公司自己破產(chǎn)倒閉了。后面來了一個(gè)many accepted，可以看出這中間應(yīng)該填入的是人家公司破產(chǎn)后Robertson的一些舉措。F滿足這一條件：一聽到這些，Robertson馬上聯(lián)系他們的客戶并且提供了自己公司的服務(wù)。 疑似生詞和句子：
1、buffet: a meal at which people serve themselves from a table and then stand or sit somewhere else to eat 自助餐
2、takeaway
a、a restaurant that cooks and sells food that you take away and eat somewhere else 外賣餐館
b、a meal that you buy at this type of restaurant 外賣的飯菜;外賣食物
3、in retrospect: thinking about a past event or situation, often with a different opinion of it from the one you had at the time 回顧
4、under-capitalised: (about a business) not having enough money (capital) to be able to operate normally, pay debts and grow 資金不足。
5、Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving university, and a steady if unspectacular professional path seemed set.
這個(gè)句子里if的用法比較少見，參見朗文的解釋：used when adding one criticism of a person or thing that you generally like
e.g: Lunch was a grand if rather noisy affair.
所以G選項(xiàng)的意思就是：然而，離開大學(xué)后她學(xué)的是會(huì)計(jì)，一個(gè)平淡無奇的職業(yè)道路似乎已經(jīng)鋪就。
BEC商務(wù)英語考試報(bào)名費(fèi)
據(jù)BEC官方網(wǎng)站消息，最新的BEC報(bào)名費(fèi)為：
BEC初級(jí)(BEC Preliminary)：465元
BEC中級(jí)(BEC Vantage)： 580元
BEC高級(jí)(BEC Higher)：725元
BEC口語：商務(wù)英語翻譯的7大要點(diǎn)
一、單詞分譯
單詞分譯是指把原文中的一個(gè)單詞拆譯成一個(gè)小旬或者句子。采用單詞分譯主要有兩個(gè)目的：一是為了句法上的需要。由于一些單詞在搭配、詞義等方面的特點(diǎn)，直譯會(huì)使句子生硬晦澀，而把某個(gè)單詞分譯卻能使句子通順，且不損傷原意。二是為了修飾上的需要，如加強(qiáng)語氣，突出重點(diǎn)等。英語中的名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞等都可分譯。
例：We recognize that China’s long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth.我們認(rèn)識(shí)到，中國的長(zhǎng)期現(xiàn)代化計(jì)劃以發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)為重點(diǎn)，這是可以理解的，也是必要的。
二、短語分譯
短語分譯是指把原文中的一個(gè)短語分譯成一個(gè)句子。名詞短語、分詞短語、介詞短語等有時(shí)都可以分譯成句。
例1：These cheerful little trams，dating back to 1 873，chug and sway up the towering hills with bells ringing and people hanging from every opening.這些令人歡快的小纜車建于1873年，嘎嚓嘎嚓搖擺爬上高聳的山巒。車上鈴兒叮當(dāng)作響，每個(gè)窗口都是人。(介詞短語分澤)
例2：The military is forbidden to kill the vessel，a relatively easy task.軍方被禁止擊毀這艘潛艇，雖然要擊毀它并不怎么費(fèi)事。(名詞短語分譯)
三、轉(zhuǎn)換譯
轉(zhuǎn)譯是指商務(wù)英語翻譯中語言的詞性和表現(xiàn)形式的改變。由于英語和漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣和句子結(jié)構(gòu)的不同，在翻譯中往往難以做到詞性和表現(xiàn)方法的一致。為了適應(yīng)譯文語言的表達(dá)習(xí)慣和語法規(guī)則，在商務(wù)英語翻譯中必須運(yùn)用詞類和表現(xiàn)方法的轉(zhuǎn)換技巧。
1. 詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換
如：Please let US know if our terms are acceptable.請(qǐng)告知是否接受我方條款。(形容詞acceptable轉(zhuǎn)類為動(dòng)詞)
2. 句型的轉(zhuǎn)換
如：We have to make it sure that the remittance of commission made as such is not against local regulations.我們得確保這樣匯付傭金不違反當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)定。
四、順序譯法
有些英語語句敘述的一連串動(dòng)作按發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后安排，或按邏輯關(guān)系安排，與漢語的表達(dá)方式比較一致，可按原文順序譯出。
例：In international buying and selling of goods, there are a number of risks, which, if they occur, will involve traders in financial losses.【分析】
按意群的關(guān)系，該句可以拆分為四部分：In international buying and selling of goods/there are a number of risks/if they occur/which will involve traders in financial losses.原文各句的邏輯關(guān)系，表達(dá)次序與漢語基本一致，因此可以按原文譯出。參考譯文：(在)國際貿(mào)易貨物的買賣(中)存在著各種各樣的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生將會(huì)給(有關(guān)的)商人們帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。
五、逆序譯法
“逆序譯法”又稱“倒置譯法”，主要指句子的前后倒置問題。有些英語語句的表達(dá)次序與漢語習(xí)慣不同，甚至語序完全相反，這是因?yàn)闈h語在敘述動(dòng)作時(shí)一般按照動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序排列，而英語在敘述動(dòng)作時(shí)，更多的是使用各種語法手段將動(dòng)作的先后順序打亂。這就要求我們必須從原文的后面澤起，逆著原文的順序翻譯。
例：Unless you are prepared to eat in silence you have to talk about something--something，that is，other than the business deal which you are continually chewing over in your mind.
【分析】
該句可以拆分為四部分：Unless you are prepared to eat in silence/you have to talk about something/_something，that is，other than the business deal/which you are continually chewing over in your mind.這句英語長(zhǎng)句的敘述層次與漢語邏輯相反，所以宜用逆譯法。參考譯文：吃飯時(shí)你必須隨便談些與生意無關(guān)的事情，否則你只能埋頭吃飯。你什么都可以談，但就是不能談你腦子里一直在反復(fù)琢磨的生意。
六、術(shù)語精確
商務(wù)翻譯中有許多涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易、法律等方面的專業(yè)術(shù)語。要精確傳達(dá)原文的信息，使讀者準(zhǔn)確理解原文，譯者必須使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，對(duì)等的專業(yè)術(shù)語，如果不全面了解這些術(shù)語，在翻譯中會(huì)不夠地道，甚至讓人不知所云。例如：
open policy預(yù)約保險(xiǎn)單
flexible container軟包裝
bill of lading(B/L)提單
P.D. (physical distribution)實(shí)物配送
D.W.T(dead weight tonnage)載重
shipping documents裝船單據(jù)
FOB(free on board)船上交貨價(jià)
Force Majeure不可抗拒力
Consolidation拼箱，集運(yùn)
general average共同海損
七、語氣恰當(dāng)
在商務(wù)活動(dòng)中，禮貌原則是非常重要的。在商務(wù)交往及商務(wù)文本中，雙方都盡量措辭嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語氣溫和。在商務(wù)活動(dòng)中，中西方都有一些固定的表達(dá)方式可以使商務(wù)文本嚴(yán)肅可信。這種情況下，譯者可以在準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)原意的基礎(chǔ)上，采取歸化翻譯手段使譯文更易于接受。
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