托福寫作：朋友話題
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新托福寫作范文素材：朋友友誼話題
Will your friends be there for you?
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Friends also play a key role in helping us through the toughest times, of course.Socially isolated women with breast cancer are more likely to die from the illness because of the lack of care-giving and support from friends and family, according to a study at the University of California.
'The benefits of friendships become even more important as we grow older, when events such as bereavement, divorce and people moving away, can reduce our social circle,' says clinical psychologist Sukie Bilkhu at Priory's Wellbeing Centre in Southampton. 'Close friendships provide us with an increased sense of belonging and self-worth that is incredibly important for our mental health and wellbeing.'
What are your friendship needs?
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Another factor to bear in mind is that we all have different friendship needs. 'The need for friends as we get older really varies according to each person's life experiences,' says Bilkhu. 'Some people value close-knit friends to help alleviate loneliness, while others feel happy and content in their own company. There are some who don't feel the need for any friendship "circles" as their immediate family fulfill this need. The key point is there is no "ideal" number of friends. What matters is the value a person places on friendships.'
Interestingly, intelligence may also play a part in defining our friendship needs, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Psychology.
Researchers found that the more social interactions with close friends a person had, the greater their self-reported happiness tended to be.
Should you make more friends?
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'The key is to explore what's really important in your life,' Bilkhu advises. 'If having large friendship circles isn't something that fulfils your psychological, physiological and emotional needs, you can explore other avenues instead. This might mean refreshing or rejuvenating your relationship with your partner or family, or developing relationships in other ways such as through music, writing, art, nature, healthy living or spirituality.'
Indeed, having lots of friends doesn't necessarily make you happier or more fulfilled. It's worth remembering that friendships can also be a source of stress and conflict. Those old 'playground feelings' can still rear their heads on occasion: we've allfelt let-down, ignored or insulted (however mildly) by friends from time to time.
So is it better to focus on a handful of close friendships? Or should we try to make new friends wherever we go? 'An alternative way to look at it is to be open to new possibilities of connecting with others,' says Bilkhu. 'As we grow older, we become stuck in our ways and can limit our potential for personal growth. So give yourself opportunities to "connect" wherever you are. And if friendships are high on your list of priorities, remain open to forging new ones. But remember, there are plenty of other ways to be happy and content.'
托福寫作范文素材摘抄：
Friends also play a key role in helping us through the toughest times, of course.
朋友在幫助我們度過最艱難的時刻的時候扮演著一個關鍵角色。
Socially isolated women
社交上孤立的女性
lack of care-giving and support from friends and family
缺乏關愛和來自朋友和家人的支持
The benefits of friendships become even more important as we grow older, when events such as bereavement, divorce and people moving away, can reduce our social circle
隨著我們年齡的增長友誼的好處變得更加重要, 喪親之痛,離婚和人們遠離等事件可以減少我們的社交圈。
Close friendships provide us with an increased sense of belonging and self-worth that is incredibly important for our mental health and wellbeing.
親密的友情為我們提供一個增加歸屬感和自我價值，這對我們的心理健康和幸福是非常重要的。
The need for friends as we get older really varies according to each person's life experiences.
隨著年齡的增長對朋友的需求取決于每個人的生活經(jīng)歷。
Some people value close-knit friends to help alleviate loneliness, while others feel happy and content in their own company.
有些人重視緊密的朋友以幫助減輕孤獨,而另一些人則一個人就可以感到快樂和滿足。
Researchers found that the more social interactions with close friends a person had, the greater their self-reported happiness tended to be.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),與親密的朋友的社交越多,他們的自我報告的幸福往往就越大。
If having large friendship circles isn't something that fulfils your psychological, physiological and emotional needs, you can explore other avenues instead. This might mean refreshing or rejuvenating your relationship with your partner or family, or developing relationships in other ways such as through music, writing, art, nature, healthy living or spirituality.
如果大友誼圈不能滿足你的心理、生理和情感上的需要,您可以探索其他途徑。這可能意味著通過音樂、寫作、藝術、自然、健康的生活或靈性更新、振奮你和你的伴侶或家庭的關系或培養(yǎng)關系。
It's worth remembering that friendships can also be a source of stress and conflict.
值得記住的是,友誼也可以是壓力和沖突的來源。
felt let-down, ignored or insulted
感到失望,忽略或侮辱
to be open to new possibilities of connecting with others
開放與他人建立聯(lián)系的新的可能性
As we grow older, we become stuck in our ways and can limit our potential for personal growth. So give yourself opportunities to "connect" wherever you are.
隨著我們年齡的增長,我們陷入僵局、限制我們的個人成長潛力。所以不管在哪里給自己機會“跟別人建立聯(lián)系”。
If friendships are high on your list of priorities, remain open to forging new ones. But remember, there are plenty of other ways to be happy and content.
如果友誼是高的優(yōu)先級別, 那就對交新朋友保持開放的心態(tài)。但請記住,保持開心和滿足還有很多其他的方式。
托福寫作范文素材適用題目
適用題目：It is not a good thing to move to a new town or country because you will lose contact with your old friends.
托福寫作話題詞匯：朋友
Friends 朋友
察覺到 vt. detect
外貌 n. appearance
吸引，吸引力 n. attraction
喜歡社交的 adj. sociable
忠實的 adj. loyal
志向 ambition (ambitious)
陪伴 n. accompany
相互的 adj. mutual
真誠的 adj. sincere
直率的 adj. candid/ frank
背叛 vt. betray
謙虛的 adj. modest
兩難的困境 n. dilemma
低估 v. underestimate
機靈的 adj. witty
有智慧的 adj. wise
體貼人的 adj. considerate/ thoughtful
理解他人的，善解人意的 adj. understanding
漠然的 adj. indifferent (to)
孤立的 adj. isolated
杰出的 adj. prominent
(人)老練的，(工具)復雜高端的 adj. sophisticated
頑強的 adj. tough
瑣碎的adj. trivial
17個托福寫作精彩語句 讓你托福寫作得高分
An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city . However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越來越多的專家相信移民對城市的建設起到積極作用.然而,越來越多的城市居民卻懷疑這種說法,他們抱怨民工給城市帶來了許多嚴重的問題,象犯罪和賣淫.
Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.
許多市民抱怨城市的公交車太少,以至于他們要花很長時間等一輛公交車,而車上可能已滿載乘客.
There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem :the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
無可否認，空氣污染是一個極其嚴重的問題：城市當局應該采取有力措施來解決它。
An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一項調(diào)查顯示婦女歡迎退休.
No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
沒有一項發(fā)明象互聯(lián)網(wǎng)同時受到如此多的贊揚和批評.
People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人們似乎忽視了教育不應該隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束這一事實.
Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.
許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助于身體健康.
When it comes to education ,the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
說到教育,大部分人認為其是一個終生的學習.
The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分學生相信業(yè)余工作會使他們有更多機會發(fā)展人際交往能力,而這對他們未來找工作是非常有好處的.
It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to fact the dangers of starvation and exposure.
無可爭辯,現(xiàn)在有成千上萬的人仍過著挨餓受冬的痛苦生活.
Although this view is widely held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
盡管這一觀點被廣泛接受,很少有證據(jù)表明教育能夠在任何地點任何年齡進行.
Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately ,for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
當前,一提到即將開始的學校生活,許多學生都會興高采烈.然而,對多數(shù)年輕人來說,校園剛開始的日子并不是什么愉快的經(jīng)歷.
In view of the seriousness of this problem ,effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考慮到問題的嚴重性,在事態(tài)進一步惡化之前,必須采取有效的措施.
Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.
應該采取適當?shù)拇胧┫拗仆鈬糜握叩臄?shù)量,努力保護當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史不受國際旅游業(yè)的不利影響.
A proper part-time job does not occupy student's too much time .In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
一份適當?shù)臉I(yè)余工作并不會占用學生太多的時間,事實上,把全部的時間都用到學習上并不健康,正如那句老話:只工作,不玩耍,聰明的孩子會變傻.
Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽視這一點都將付出巨大的代價.
An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越來越多的人開始意識到教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束.
【實例講解】如何把握好托福寫作結(jié)構(gòu)安排
“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? ”這是新托福獨立寫作的典型提問方式，正是因為相對較統(tǒng)一的提問法，她降低了不少應對難度。至少考生在完成獨立寫作前是可以有針對性的練習和研究的;然而，要想取得5分的好成績，單純知道題目的提問方式是遠遠不夠的，考官如何評分等一系列基本問題也是必須被考生所了解的，這其中就包括一個重要的信息：結(jié)構(gòu)安排。
新托福獨立寫作一共有3個評分標準：如何展開論點，如何組織結(jié)構(gòu)以及如何運用語言表達觀點。語言的表達是項相對較耗時的任務，不是一朝一夕即可掌握的，因此急需考生的長期醞釀;而如何展開論點，相對應其實與如何運用語言是相輔相成的，同樣是需要時間。中國考生寫作分數(shù)不高并不是因為不知道說什么理由，而是不知道如何用英語恰當?shù)谋磉_自己的中文思路。因此這3個評分標準中最有技巧最易提升的便是第二個：如何組織結(jié)構(gòu)。
因此，有了以上的大致信息后，考生就應該多思考如何能在30分鐘內(nèi)締造出完美的文章結(jié)構(gòu)，來獲得考官的青睞?一篇好的結(jié)構(gòu)不僅包括必備的連接詞和過渡句，自然也離不開永恒的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一。
任何形式的英語文章中都應該具備一定量的連接詞(路標詞)，因為它們是有助于讀者順利閱讀的“導航坐標”;大多數(shù)考生在備考時也的確會準備一系列此類連接詞，用于文章每個段落的段首;包括有表示“第一，第二，第三”等的連接詞。但是單純有段首連接詞還不足以支撐全文的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此考生應該同時準備段中連接詞，包括“比如說，因為，但是，相對比而言”等，粗略估計，全文完成下來可以達到15個以上的路標詞，不僅承接了全文，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰明了，而且也為時間緊張下的寫作減輕了不少字數(shù)壓力。
以下為常用連接詞：
1， 第一：in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly
2， 第二：in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly
3， 第三：in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly
4， 一方面、另一方面：on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another
5， 表原因：because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to
6， 表結(jié)果：so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence
7， 表舉例：for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate
8， 表承接：besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what’s more/ in addition/ additionally
9， 表轉(zhuǎn)折：but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless
10，表比較對比: to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary
…
當然，僅僅依靠連接詞是不足以表明全文的連貫性的，適當?shù)奶砑舆^渡句也是很好的承接手段，如Official Guide To The New TOEFL P263中有一篇關于DISHONESTY KILLS RELIABILITY 的5分范文中就有出現(xiàn)多處明顯的段落過渡句，如第三段首“After stating that everyone’s opinion can be different about this, for me honesty, in other words, always telling…”用來承接上下兩段，以引出自己的觀點看法;第五段首“Although I would like to see altruistic, understanding, thoughtful and loyal behavior from people, an instance of the opposite…”等都明顯具備良好的過渡功能，讓全文更加流暢舒服，朗朗上口。
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