全國(新高考一卷)英語真題試卷2023年

目前最新整理，新高考全國一卷考試地區(qū):廣東、福建、江蘇、河北、湖北、湖南、山東、浙江。下面小編為大家?guī)砣珖?新高考一卷)英語真題試卷，希望對您有所幫助!

全國(新高考一卷)英語真題試卷

第一部分 閱讀(滿分30分)

略

第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Bike Rental & Guided Tours

Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.

Why MacBike

MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (剎車), bikes with hand brake and gears (排擋), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.

Prices

Guided City Tours

The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.

21. What is an advantage of MacBike?

A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.

C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.

22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?

A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.

23. Where does the guided city tour start?

A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.

C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.

B

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (細菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.

The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.

He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”

24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?

A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.

C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.

25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?

A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.

C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.

26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?

A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.

C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.

27. What is the basis for John’s work?

A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.

C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.

C

The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.

To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.

Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.

In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.

The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培養(yǎng)) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (獨處) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.

28. What is the book aimed at?

A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.

C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.

29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.

30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?

A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.

C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.

31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?

A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.

C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.

D

On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.

This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whaterer reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.

But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (轉(zhuǎn)折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.

In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.

32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?

A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.

C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.

33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.

A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates

C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent

34. What did the follow-up study focus on?

A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.

C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.

35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?

A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.

第二節(jié) (共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Personal Forgiveness

Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯錯) is human. 36 You can use the followning writing exercise to help you do this.

In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.

At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38

You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.

It’s something of a cliché (陳詞濫調(diào)) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.

A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.

B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.

C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.

D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.

E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.

F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.

G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.

第二部分 語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.

As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her am to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.

Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.

As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”

Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.

41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished

42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse

43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor

44. A. race B. school C. town D. training

45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised

46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice

47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down

48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal

49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated

50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness

51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged

52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal

53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand

54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show

55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange

第二節(jié) (共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.

No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.

第三部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié) (滿分15分)

假定你是李華，外教Ryan準備將學生隨機分為兩人一組，讓大家課后練習口語，你認為這樣分組存在問題。請你給外教寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.說明問題;

2.提出建議。

注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右;

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

第二節(jié) (滿分25分)

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest, I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.

So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.

I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (銀匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny, and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.

What did the horse think, as sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I cheeked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half-dozen books on paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.

When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win. I wouldn’t care.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右;

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

高考英語怎么復習

一、重

“重”——“重文本”。讀懂文章最重要。

文本是題源所在，如果將考生比作勘探人員，那么文本就是他們的勘探場所。撰題者正是通過對文章的深入剖析，才將一個個的寶藏埋藏其中，讓考生去發(fā)掘。所以讀懂文本不僅是正確解題的第一步，也是最關(guān)鍵的一步。

1、閱讀的不良習慣

要養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習慣，首先要克服閱讀的不良習慣。下面我列舉了一些常見的閱讀不良習慣，對號入座，看你有否。

心譯：讀一句心譯一句，句句必須借助漢語譯文方能理解;

指讀：閱讀時總是用指頭或筆尖等指著句子，邊移邊讀;

逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重視，句句關(guān)心，生怕漏掉一個單詞，眉毛胡子一把抓;

見生即查：閱讀時欲將生詞各個擊破，完全掃清閱讀障礙，認為只要沒有生詞，便可洞悉文章;

出聲：閱讀時發(fā)出聲音，全篇誦讀，字字句句，絲毫不拉;

唇讀：閱讀時雖沒有發(fā)出聲音，但唇隨句變，詞帶舌移，只是聲帶未顫，聲音未出;

默讀：沒有出聲，也沒有唇動舌移，但目光、意識仍在逐句念誦。

以上不良習慣要么會打斷閱讀思維的連貫性，要么會破壞對文本的整體理解，而它們最大的害處就是降低了閱讀速度。常聽到同學抱怨“其實試題并不難，只是時間不夠”，這正是閱讀的不良習慣使然。

2、以意群為單位，成組視讀

分清意群，停頓嫻熟，不僅是朗誦的關(guān)鍵，更是閱讀的基本素質(zhì)。英語閱讀時是以意群為單位，而非以單詞或詞組為單位。成組視讀是說用眼睛掃視，不是一個詞一個詞的去默看，而是向探照燈一樣根據(jù)意群，一組組的進行掃視，這時額頭成了一個通道，被收納的是信息，而不是詞匯。這是一種高超的閱讀能力，非以一貫之的堅持和大量的閱讀不能夠習得。

3、首尾在心，緊扣中心

任何一位作者都會有自己的寫作意圖，任何一篇文章都會有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的寫作意圖，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的關(guān)鍵，也是閱讀水平高低的體現(xiàn)。為了考察考生對文章的理解程度和閱讀水平，出題者必然會以各種方式對作者的寫作意圖與文章的主旨要義進行考察。

一般來說，文章的主旨經(jīng)常會被表述在文章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入點，因此同學們應(yīng)格外注意它們。

4、學會跳讀，心中有圖

閱讀理解要做到心中既有森林，又有樹木，既要統(tǒng)攬全文，又要主次有別。跳讀即可用來通讀全文，了解大意，又可用來搜尋細節(jié)，鎖定被考察信息——如此既把握了整體，又不會忽視細節(jié)。在跳讀時一定不要借用母語翻譯，而要通過情景想象、提綱列表、重點連線、簡圖示意等手段來梳理文章脈絡(luò)，使之直觀化、形象化、具體化。

5、善于猜測詞義

各類考試都允許出現(xiàn)3%的超綱詞匯，這些詞匯往往文中都會給出暗示，考生可以根據(jù)上下文來推斷他們的意思;有些其后則會緊跟其同位語，直接對其進行解釋說明;有的詞匯(多數(shù)為名詞)只需判定它是某類事物即可，比如人名、地名、某類動、植物等等，而無須弄明白其具體意思;有些詞真是猜不出意思也不必太在意，因為一、兩個詞不認識根本不會對文章理解帶來障礙，一定不能因之而恐慌，從而影響發(fā)揮。

對于詞義猜測試題中的超綱詞，文中肯定會對其進行或解釋、或同義、或暗示，只要細心，只要思路開闊，就一定能發(fā)現(xiàn)線索，確定其含義。

二、定

“定”——“定區(qū)間”。能夠圈定各題答案的范圍。

出題者一般都是根據(jù)文本的某一段，或某一段的某一句，或某一句的某一詞，或根據(jù)隱藏在字里行間的作者的暗示進行題設(shè)。這就要求做題時要進行回想、返查，鎖定與問題相關(guān)信息的所在區(qū)域，為正確解題打基礎(chǔ)。這個過程就像捉迷藏一樣，要想找到文本中躲藏的“貓貓”，就必須對藏躲“貓貓”的區(qū)域諳熟于心，進而準確定位，圈定范圍，定能一抓一個準。

總的來說，每個問題都對應(yīng)于文本中的某個區(qū)間，或顯或隱，或大或小，或段或句或詞，考生要擦亮眼睛，善于定位，為找到答案的根據(jù)做好必要且充分的準備。

三、劃

“劃”——“劃根據(jù)”。作答時理由要充分，并在文章中劃出解題依據(jù)。

能夠在文本中劃出解題根據(jù)是正確解題的關(guān)鍵，更是閱讀理解不丟分的保障。獵人有句行話，叫“不見兔子不撒鷹”，在這兒我要告訴各位同學，在做閱讀理解時要做到“不見根據(jù)不做題”。理由充分，根據(jù)鑿實，這是“不僅知其然，而且知其所以然”的超高境界，是閱讀水平提高的最大見證。從這種意義上講，“劃”字訣是“重、定、劃、看、防、讀”六字真訣之尤為重要者。

四、看

“看”——“看轉(zhuǎn)換”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意轉(zhuǎn)述)。

英語語言相當豐富，同一意思會有多種不同表達，以避免語言表述上的`單調(diào)重復?？荚囍谐Ｒ姷念}型“同意改寫”就是考察學生的這一能力的。以句型“決定做某事”為例，英語中就有不下就中表達：

de to do sth.

a decision to do sth.

rmine to do sth.

determined to do sth.

a determination to do sth

lve to do sth.

a resolution to do sth.

up ones mind to do sth.

ones mind to do sth.

出題者設(shè)計試題時總會用不同的語言結(jié)構(gòu)對文本中的某些信息進行同意轉(zhuǎn)述。有的轉(zhuǎn)述會很明顯，可以一目了然;但也不乏隱含很深的轉(zhuǎn)述。

五、防

“防”——“防陷井”。鎖定是“true”還是“not true”，辨明形近詞。

英語閱讀中的陷阱設(shè)置最常見的有兩種，判斷對錯真假型和詞形相近型。對于判斷對錯真假型，考生做題前一定要認真審題，看準是“true”還是“not true”，是“right”還是“wrong”，然后才著手解題?？赡軙型瑢W認為，這么簡單的事怎么會錯?其實不然，在考場高度緊張的情況下，什么事情都會發(fā)生。試想你身邊有過多少同學曾因把“true”與“not true”看反而懊惱不已，頓足捶胸?

對于詞形相近型要做只有兩個字“細心”，三思而后選。只要細心，此類陷阱就會很容易被識破。

歸根到底，“防”的主要對象是自己，防止慌張，防止粗心大意，防止那些“想當然”的想法，防止自己的驕傲情緒——只要沉著應(yīng)對，處處留心，任何陷阱都會被識別發(fā)現(xiàn)的。

六、讀

“讀”——“讀全項”。做判斷時要通讀每一題的所有選項，區(qū)分鑒別，選擇最佳。

閱讀理解是從三個或四個選項中選出一個最佳選項，解題時考生要通讀所有選項，比較鑒別，確定最佳。切不可挑讀臆斷，匆匆作答。比如做判斷對錯真假型試題時，選項中會有“一對三錯”或“三對一錯”，通讀全項就會補救誤讀題干所造成的過失。

高考英語寫作指導

英語學習中，在英語書面表達時，每次寫作前問自己四個問題：這篇文章的體裁格式是怎樣的?主體時態(tài)用什么時態(tài)?人稱用第幾人稱?可以分幾段，之間用什么過渡詞、連接詞?帶著這四個問題去審題，搞清楚文章的主要內(nèi)容，然后列出提綱。最后利用自己有把握的英語句子豐富自己的提綱就可以了。

(1)條理性。指的是合理布局文章結(jié)構(gòu)。首先，在文章思路、組織材料、敘述順序等方面要有一定的條理性。其次，根據(jù)需要，安排好段落，各段之間要層次分明，也要重視每一段的開頭和結(jié)尾，開頭語往往是總起句，結(jié)尾語往往是總結(jié)句。

(2)準確性。指要求寫出語法正確的句子，包括時態(tài)、語態(tài)、用詞和句法等，要準確、地道地表達。必須要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或習慣表達，避免中式英語，在實踐中不斷總結(jié)中英用法的差異，養(yǎng)成用英語思維寫作的習慣。高考英語作文素材。

(3)流暢性。指根據(jù)整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的連接手段，清晰段落，使文章層次清楚、行文連貫。

(4)簡潔多樣性。簡潔性就是語言簡潔，不重復。多樣性就是能隨情景內(nèi)容的變化寫出句式多樣的語句。這也是新課程標準對寫作的評價標準。

(5)思想性。新標準對寫作的要求，增加了情感因素，在準確流暢表達寫作要點的同時，適當增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章讀起來更親切，完全達到與讀者進行交流的目的。

(6)美觀性。指的是卷面書寫規(guī)范、清楚、干凈、整潔。在高考書面表達中，書面整潔是也是一個主觀評分標準，所以在高考中保持書面整潔是必要的。