奧斯托洛夫斯基英文簡(jiǎn)介
奧斯托洛夫斯基英文簡(jiǎn)介
奧斯托洛夫斯基，是前蘇聯(lián)著名的無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)作家，布爾什維克戰(zhàn)士。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的奧斯托洛夫斯基英文簡(jiǎn)介，供大家參閱!
奧斯托洛夫斯基簡(jiǎn)介
Nicholas Alekseyevich Ostrovsky (1904-1936), is the former Soviet Union famous proletarian writer, Bolshevik warrior. September 22, 1904 was born in the workers family. 30 years old on the battlefield, 16 years old in the fighting was seriously injured, 23-year-old blind, 25-year-old body paralyzed, December 22, 1936 died, only 32 years old. Which lasted for three years, to overcome the unimaginable difficulties, created the "steel is how to make" this immortal masterpiece, to achieve the ideal to return to combat positions. The end of the novel, said Paul in the near desperate expectations, and finally ushered in the state's telegram: "The novel is highly appreciated, about to publish, congratulations to success." In real life, Nepal Ostrovsky Not so lucky, but experienced more hardships. After the novel was sent to the publishing house, the beginning had a closed shoulder. Later, after the efforts of friends, was a journalist carefully accepted. The protagonist Paul Kocha Jin in the hometown of martyrs before the tomb of a monologue, has become the motto of millions of young people: "people most precious is life, life only once.People's life should be spent: when he back In the past, not because of wasted years and regret, not because of mediocrity and shame; so that in the time of death he can say: 'my whole life and all the energy dedicated to the world's most magnificent cause - - fight for the liberation of mankind. '"
奧斯托洛夫斯基主要履歷
Born in 1904 in the workers' family. After the primary church has graduated from elementary school, it has done a handyman.
In 1919 into the power plant when the furnace assistant. Joined the Communist Youth League in the same year, and participated in the Red Army went to the front.
In 1920, he was admitted to the railway factory as an assistant electrical technician.
1923 to 1924 as the Ukrainian border area of the Communist Youth League leadership work.
Joined the Communist Party in 1924.
1927 due to the deterioration of the disease and paralyzed, blind.
1933 wrote "how steel is made".
In 1934 Ostrovsky joined the Soviet Writers Association.
In 1935, the Soviet government in recognition of his literary achievements, awarded him the Order of Lenin.
From 1934 onwards, he began writing novels that "the storm was born" (the first of the trilogy), which reflects the struggle of the proletariat for the Soviet regime during the civil war, until Ostrovsky died in 1936 , "The birth of the storm" was written in the first chapter.
On December 22, 1936, died.
奧斯托洛夫斯基成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷
3139/5000Shíqī suì shí, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dàitóu cānjiā xiūjiàn yītiáo tiělù zhīxiàn de jiānjù gōngzuò. Zài tiělù gōngdì shàng, bù shǎo rén bèi èliè de tiáojiàn, jíbìng hé fěibāng de tōuxí duó qù shēngmìng. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yǎo jǐn yáguān, pīnmìng gàn huó. Dàn zài jíjiāng jùngōng shí, tā shuāng xī hóngzhǒng. Bùlǚ jiānnán, bìngqiě gǎnrǎnle shānghán, hūnmí bù xǐng, bèi sòng huílǎojiā. Zài mǔqīn xīxīn zhàoliào xià, tā cái miǎnqiáng huóle guòlái. Chóng fǎn gōngchǎng hòu, tā yībiān láodòng, yībiān zài jìxiào xuéxí. Shāng bìng zhī shēn, jīng bù qǐ guòdù de xīnláo, jiànkāng zhuàngkuàng yuè lái yuè zāo, tā bèi sòng jìn liáoyǎngyuàn jìnxíng lǐliáo. Bìngqíng shāo yǒu hǎozhuǎn, yòu fǎnhuí jīfǔ, bìng hé xǔduō gòngqīngtuán yuán yīqǐ, zài méi xī shēn, cìgǔ lěng de héshuǐ zhōng qiǎngjiù mùcái, tā zàicì bìng dǎo le. Shíbā suì shí, yīliáo jiàndìng wěiyuánhuì wèi tā qiānfāle yī děng cánfèi zhèngmíng! Dànshì tā què cáng qǐ zhèngmíng, jìxù yāoqiú ānpái gōngzuò.
Shàonián shídài
ní gǔ lā·ā liè kè xiè yē wéi qí·ào sī tè luò fu sī jī shì èluósī rén, bùguò tā de chūshēng dì què zài wūkèlán. Fùqīn zài 1877 nián de tǔ é zhànzhēng shí céng shì yī míng pàobīng, tuìyì hòu yīzhí méiyǒu gùdìng gōngzuò, zhǐhǎo dào niàngjiǔ chǎng dāng jìjiégōng yě céng zàiwài cūn huò chéng lǐ dǎ línggōng. Hái dāngguò wǔ nián yóuchāi. Tā dàoguò bǐde bǎo, fúguò bīngyì, jiēchùguò jìnbù de dàxuéshēng, zhīdào yīxiē gémìng zhě yǔ shāhuáng zuò dòuzhēng de gùshì. Zhōngnián de pínkùn shǐ tā de píqì biàn de fēicháng huài, jīngcháng xùjiǔ hòu huí dào jiālǐ dǎ mà qī'érlǎoxiǎo. Mǔqīn chūshēn pínhán, xiǎo xiǎo niánjì jiù bùdé bù qù jǐ rénjiā gàn huó, fàng é, zhòng cài, zhàokàn háizi. Tāmen hūn hòu shēng xià liù gè er nǚ, yāozhéle liǎng gè. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zuìxiǎo, shàngmiàn yǒu liǎng gè jiejie, yīgè gēgē. Mǔqīn chúle zuòjiāwù dài háizi, hái tì rénjiā zuò zhēnxiàn, gěi fù rén dāng nǚ yōng, tiāntiān lèi de yāo dōu zhí bù qǐlái, měi yuè cái 5 gè lúbù. Yóuyú jiājìng pínkùn, zài xiāngcūn jiàohuì xiǎoxué cái niànle sān nián shū de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī biàn bèi pò chuòxué. Bùjiǔ, tā jìjū zài dāng sēnlín kānshǒu rén de wàigōng jiālǐ, tì rén fàng mǎ.
1914 Nián dì yīcì shìjiè dàzhàn bàofā, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yījiā táonàn dào biānjìng xiǎochéngzhèn shě pèi tuō fu kǎ. Fùqīn zài chēzhàn zhǎodào yī fèn gōngzuò, mǔqīn zài yīgè shuìwù guān jiālǐ zuò chú niang. Shēnghuó shāowéi wěndìng yǐhòu, mǔqīn biàn bǎ gānggāng 10 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī sòng jìn zhèn shàng de yī suǒ xiǎoxué. Zài xuéxiào lǐ, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jīngcháng shòudào shàng shèngjīng kè de shénfù de chìzé. Yǒu yīcì, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī rènwéi tiānwén kè lǎoshī guānyú dìqiú qǐyuán de shuōfǎ hé nà wèi shénfù shuō de bùtóng, jiù qù zhǎo shénfù xiǎng wèn gè míngbái, shénfù dà fā qí huǒ, shǐjìn jiū zhù tā de ěrduo wǎng qiáng shàng zhuàng tā de tóu. Hòulái, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zài zhè wèi shénfù jiālǐ bǔkè shí, qiāoqiāo de zài tā jiā wéiguò fùhuó jié ér zhǔnbèi de shípǐn lǐ sāle yī bǎ huī, bù qiǎo bèi shénfù fāxiàn hòu gào dào xiàozhǎng nàlǐ, jiéguǒ, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bèi xuéxiào kāi chúle.
Wèile shēngcún,12 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zhǐhǎo dào chēzhàn shítáng qù dāng shāo shuǐ gōng. Zài jiānkǔ de láozuò zhōng, zhè wèi nèixīn yǒuzhe qiángliè qiúzhī yù de shàonián tōngguò gè zhǒng bànfǎ, zhǎo lái xǔduō shūjí, kāishǐ zìxué. Yǒu yītiān bànyè lǐ, píjuàn zhī jí de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī wàngle guānshàng shuǐlóngtóu, jiù zài cháicáo duī shàng shuìzhele, děng lǐngbān de jìnlái fāxiàn shuǐliú biàndì shí, bǎ tā hěn hěn de zòule yī dùn. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dí gēgē dé zhī yǐhòu, jiù qù bǎ nàgè lǐngbān de zòu de bíqīngliǎnzhǒng, jiéguǒ bèi zhuā dào xiànbīng duì lǐ guānle 15 tiān. Cóngcǐ yǐhòu, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī gèngjiā zēnghèn tā zài shēnghuó zhōng suǒ kàn dào de zhǒngzhǒng chǒu'è xiànxiàng, nèixīn de fǎnkàng yìshí yě zhújiàn jiāshēnle.
Shísì suì hòu ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jìnfā diànchǎng, gěi sīlú gōng, diàngōng dǎxiàshǒu, yě gànguò jù mùchái, xiè méi děng záhuó. Tā cóngxiǎo jùyǒu jí qiáng de qiúzhī yù, kěwàng niànshū, dàn zhǐ duànduànxùxù dìshàngguò jǐ nián xué. Zài xuéxiào lǐ, tā bùjǐn chéng jì yōuxiù, érqiě shífēn huóyuè, shì lǎoshī de hǎo zhùshǒu. Tā shì xiěguò tónghuà, duǎnpiān xiǎoshuō he shīgē, zài xuéshēng zì biān shǒuxiě de “zázh씓qīngchūn de sècǎi” shàng fābiǎoguò xízuò. Tā hái xǐhuan yǎn huàjù, zuì ài dēngtái bànyǎn jùyǒu yīngxióng qìgài de juésè. Tā jǐ dù chuòxué, dàdū shì yóuyú pínqióng, yǒu yīcì zé shì yīnwèi chùfànle jiào shénxué kè de shénfù. Yúshì, zhè háizi xiǎng jǐn bànfǎ jiè shū, shènzhì bǎ wǔfàn ràng gěi bào fàn chī, huànqǔ bàokān lái kàn. Tā zài shí'èr suì jīng dōng nī yà tuījiàn zhī xià dúle ài'ěrlán nǚ zuòjiā fú ní qì de dàibiǎozuò “niúméng”, cóngcǐ, niúméng de xíngxiàng shēn shēn de yìn zàile tā de xīnkǎn lǐ.
Gémìng zhòng chéngzhǎng
shí yuè gémìng qiánxī, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī rènshile zài shě pèi tuō fu kǎ lǐngdǎo gōngrén dòuzhēng de fèi duō ěr hé lín ní kē. Zài zhè liǎng wèi bù'ěrshéwéikè de jiàoyù xià, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zǒu shàngle gémìng dàolù.
Zài gémìng shènglì hòu bùjiǔ, biānjìng xiǎo chéng shě pèi tuō fu kǎ yòu bèi déguó guǐzi hé bǐde liú lā fěi jūn zhànlǐng, yǐ lín ní kē wéishǒu de gémìng wěiyuánhuì zhuǎn rù dìxià jìxù duì dí dòuzhēng. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yībiān zuò zágōng wéichí shēnghuó, yībiān qiāoqiāo wánchéng lín ní kē jiāo gěi tā de gémìng rènwù.
1919 Nián chūntiān, gémìng wěiyuánhuì wěiyuán fèi duō ěr bèi bǐde liú lā fěi jūn dàibǔ, nián jǐn 15 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dúzì yīrén máifú zài bǐde liú lā fěi jūn yājiè fèi duō ěr de lùshàng, chìshǒukōngquán de dǎdǎo yāsòng bīng, jiùchū fèi duō ěr, dàn tā zìjǐ què yīncǐ bèi bǔ rù yù. Zài yù zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī shòu jǐn kùxíng, fěi jūn shāngǎile tā de niánlíng, qìtú qiāngbì tā, xìnghǎo yǒu yīgè císhàn de fěi jūn shàngxiào lái chá jiān, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī cái xìng'ér huòshì. Tóngnián 7 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jiārù gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán,8 yuè tā zhìyuàn jiārù hóngjūn, bèi biān rù kè tuō fu sī jī lǚ tuán, kāifù qiánxiàn. Zài yǔ bái fěi zuòzhàn zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dàtuǐ shòushāng, shāng hǎo hòu, tā biàn jiārùle wēimíng yuǎnyáng de bù qióng ní dì yī qíbīng jūntuán. Jīngguò duō cì zhàndòu, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī chéngwéile yī míng chūsè de zhēnchá bīng, bìng duō cì shòudào tuán bù de tōnglìng jiājiǎng.
1920 Nián 8 yuè, zài sū bō zhànzhēng de jìngōng lǐ wò fu de zhàndòu zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bèi pàodàn zhà shāng tóu bù hé fùbù, bèi sòng jìn jīfǔ lùjūn yīyuàn hòu tā zhěngzhěng hūnmíle 13 tiān. Zài yīhù rényuán de dàlì qiǎngjiù xià, tā zhōngyú wánqiáng de zhànshèngle sǐshén, dàn yīn lúgǔ bèi dǎ chuān, tā de yòu yǎn cóngcǐ shīmíng. Liǎng gè yuè zhīhòu, tā de shāngshì hái méiyǒu wánquán kāngfù biàn yāoqiú huí qiánxiàn, dànshì shàngjí juédìng bǎ tā liú zài hòufāng cānjiā sù fǎn wěiyuánhuì gōngzuò. Bùjiǔ, wèile zhàogù tā de shēntǐ, shěng tuánwěi bǎ tā pài dào jīfǔ tiělù gōngchǎng, fùzé chǎng lǐ de gòngqīngtuán gōngzuò.
1921 Nián qiūtiān, yóuyú tiělù línyè wěiyuánhuì lǐngdǎo rén xiāojí dàigōng, jiāzhī bǐde liú lā fěi jūn de pòhuài, yánhán zhōng de jīfǔ yánzhòng quēfá ránliào. Wèi liǎo jiějué ránliào wèntí, shàngjí juédìng zài jīfǔ fùjìn de bō yā kǎ'ěr zhàn xiūzhù yītiáo zhítōng fámù chǎng de qīngbiàn tiělù. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bùgù shēntǐ xūruò, dàilǐng yī duì gòngqīngtuán yuán, rìyè fènzhàn zài fēng xuě jiāojiā de jiànzhú gōngdì shàng. Zài gōngchéng jíjiāng wánchéng de shíhou, shòuruò de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī huàn shàngle yánzhòng de cháng shānghán, bìngfā dà yè fèiyán, tǐwēn jíjù shàngshēng. Shàngjí pàichū yī zhī xiǎo fēnduì, bǎ yǎnyānyīxī de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī sòng huí jiāxiāng. Dāng tā de qīnrénmen bǎ tā cóng chēxiāng lǐ tái xiàlái shí, hái yǐwéi tā yǐjīng sǐle. Rán'ér, tā wòchuáng yīgè duō yuè hòu, zhōngyú dì sì cì zhànshèng sǐshén.
Gāngtiě jiùshì zhèyàng liàn chéng de
1924 nián 8 yuè 3 rì, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jiārùle gòngchǎndǎng, dāngshí tā cái nián jǐn 20 suì. Jiēzhe, tā céng rèn gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán shě pèi tuō fu kǎ de wěi shūjì hé wò lún zhōu tuánwěi wěiyuán děng zhíwù. Yóuyú tā jīngcháng bù fēn zhòuyè dì gōngzuò, tā de shēntǐ zhōngyú kuǎle xiàlái. Yīshēng rènwéi tā qián jǐchuí shòuguò ànshāng, zhōngshū shénjīng xìtǒng shòu dàole yánzhòng shānghài. Jǐnguǎn zǔzhī shàng duì tā jiābèi guānhuái, dàn zuìhòu,23 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī háishì quánshēn tānhuànle.
1930 Nián 4 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī hé qīzi bān dào mòsīkē, zhù zài kè lǔ bào tè jīn dàjiē yītiáo pìjìng de hútòng lǐ. Qiūtiān, tā kāishǐ zhuóshǒu chuàngzuò “gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de”. Zài dǎng hé zǔzhī de guānhuái xià, gěi tā pèibèile mìshū hé dǎzì yuán, shǐ tā de xiězuò sùdù dàdà tíshēngle. Jǐn yòng yī nián shíjiān, zhè běn shū de shàng juǎn biàn wánchéngle.1932 Nián 4 yuè, zài “qīngnián jìn wèi jūn” zázhì shàng kāishǐ liánzài “gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de”.1934 Nián, gāi shū dānxíngběn zhèngshì chūbǎn fāxíng, jiēzhe zài guónèi wài yǐnqǐle qiángliè de fǎnxiǎng. Guónèi yīxiē zhīmíng rénshì hé zhùmíng zuòjiā fēnfēn xiě xìn xiàng ào sī tè luò fu sī jī biǎoshì chónggāo de jìngyì, lǎo zuòjiā tuǒ lā fēi mò wéi qí hé lièníng de dìmèi dōu tèyì gǎn dào ào sī tè luò fu sī jī suǒzài de liáoyǎngyuàn, xiàng tā biǎoshì zhùhè.
“Gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de” zì fābiǎo hòu 20 niánjiān, jǐn zài sūlián biàn yòng 43 zhǒng mínzú yǔyán chūbǎn 150 duō cì. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jīchéngle quán shìjiè wénmíng de wúchǎn jiējí zuòjiā. Yóuqí shì shū zhōng zhǔréngōng bǎo ěr·kē chá jīn zài jiāxiāng lièshì mùqián de yīduàn dúbái, chéngwéile qiān bǎi wàn qīngnián de zuòyòumíng:“Rén zuì bǎoguì de dōngxi shì shēngmìng. Zhè shēngmìng, rén zhǐ néng dédào yī cì. Rén de yīshēng yīngdāng zhèyàng dùguò: Dāng tā huíyì wǎngshì de shíhou, tā bù zhìyú yīnwèi xūdù niánhuá ér huǐhèn, yě bù zhìyú yīn wéi guòqù de lùlù wúwéi ér xiūkuì; zài lín sǐ de shíhou, tā nénggòu shuō: Wǒ de zhěnggè shēngmìng hé quánbù jīnglì, dōu yǐjīng xiàn gěile shìjiè shàng zuì zhuànglì de shìyè——wéi rénlèi de jiěfàng ér dòuzhēng.”
1936 Nián 4 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī de fùqīn qùshì, liǎng gè yuè hòu, tāsuǒ jìngyǎng de wěidà de wúchǎn jiējí zuòjiā gāo'ěrjī shìshì, zhè jiēlián de dǎjí shǐ ào sī tè luò fu sī jī de bìngqíng jíjù èhuà.12 Yuè 22 rì, zhè wèi jiānqiáng de bù'ěrshéwéikè zhànshì, zhùmíng de wúchǎn jiējí zuò jiā zhōngyú yǔshìchángcí. Tā liú xià de zuìhòu de zuòpǐn, shì yī běn gěi háizimen kàn de shū:“Kē chá jīn de xìngfú”.At the age of seventeen, Ostrovsky took the lead in participating in the construction of a railway branch of the arduous work. In the railway site, many people were bad conditions, disease and gang attack took life.Ostrovsky clenched his teeth and worked hard. But at the time of completion, his knees are swollen, struggling, and infected with typhoid fever, unconscious, was sent back home. In the mother care, he barely survived. After returning to the factory, he was working while he was studying. Injured body, can not stand too hard, health is getting worse, he was sent to the nursing home for physical therapy. The condition improved slightly, and returned to Kiev, and together with many members of the Communist Youth League, in the knee without deep, biting cold water to rescue the wood, he fell ill again. At the age of eighteen, the Medical Appraisal Committee issued a first-class disability certificate for him! But he concealed and continued to ask for work.
Teenager
Nikolai Alekseyevich Ostrovsky is a Russian, but his birthplace is in Ukraine. Father in 1877 when the Russian War was an artillery, after retirement has been no fixed work, had to the winery when the seasonal workers have been in the village or the city odd jobs. Also had five years postman. He went to Petersburg, served military service, contact with the progress of college students, know some revolutionaries and the tsar to fight the story. The poverty of the year made his temper very bad, often after drinking home and scolded his wife and children. Mother was born poor, young age had to go to people to work, goose, vegetables, care for children. They gave birth to six children after marriage, died two. Ostrovsky is the smallest, with two sisters and one brother. Mother in addition to doing housework with children, but also for others to do needle and thread, to the rich when the maid, every day tired of the waist are straight up, only five rubles per month. Ostrovsky was forced to drop out of school because of his family poverty and a three-year book in a village church elementary school. Soon, he sojourned as a forest guard's grandfather's house, for people to put the horse.
The outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Ostrovsky, fled to the small town of the town of Sheppertov. Father found a job at the station, the mother in a tax officer home cooker. After a little stability of life, the mother put just 10-year-old Ostrovsky sent to the town of a primary school. In the school, Ostrovsky was often reprimanded by priests of the Bible class. On one occasion, Ostrovsky thought that the astronomy class teacher's argument about the origin of the earth was different from that of the priest, and went to the priest to ask, and that the priest had made a fire and grabbed his ear Hit his head on his head. Later, Ostrovsky in the priest's home make up classes, quietly in his home for Easter and prepared food sprinkled a gray, unfortunately found by the priest found the principal there, the results, Ostrovsky was dismissed from the school.
In order to survive, 12-year-old Ostrovsky had to go to the station cafeteria to burn water workers. In the hard work, the heart has a strong curiosity of the juvenile through a variety of ways, find a lot of books, began to self-study. One day and a half night, the most tired of Ostrowsky forget to close the faucet, fell asleep on the pile of firewood, and other foreman came in and found the water everywhere, he severely beaten a meal. Ostrovsky's brother learned that, after that, the leader was beaten and swollen, and the result was caught in the gendarmerie for 15 days. Since then, Ostrovsky has more hatred of all the ugly phenomena he saw in his life, and his inner sense of revolt has gradually deepened.
After fourteen years old Ostrovsky into the power plant, to the furnace workers, electricians to start hand, but also dry saw firewood, coal unloading and other chores. He has a very strong curiosity, eager to study, but only on a few years to learn. In school, he not only excellent results, and very active, is a good assistant teacher. He has written a fairy tale, short stories and poetry, published in the students' handwritten "magazine" "youthful colors". He also likes to play drama, favorite stage to play a heroic role. He dropped out of school several times, mostly because of poverty, and once because of the priest who had violated the teaching of theology. So, the child tried to borrow books, and even let the lunch to the newspaper to eat, in exchange for newspapers and periodicals. He was twelve years old by the Dong Niya recommended reading of the Irish women writer Fu Nichi's masterpiece "Gadfly", since then, the image of the Gadfly deeply printed in his heart.
Grow in the revolution
On the eve of the October Revolution, Ostrovsky met Fidor and Linnick in the struggle of the Shepherd Traffe to lead the workers. In the two Bolshevik education, Ostrovsky embarked on a revolutionary path.
Shortly after the victory of the revolution, the border town of Perezovska was the German devils and Peter left the bandits army occupation, led by the Revolutionary Committee led by Lin Nico to continue to fight against the enemy. Ostrovsky, while doing the handyman to keep life, while quietly completed Lin Nike to his revolutionary mission.
In the spring of 1919, the commissioner of the Revolutionary Committee, Fedor, was arrested by Peter's bandit army, and only 15-year-old Ostrovsky was lying alone on the way to the prisoners of Pietro, Soldiers, rescued Fredor, but he was arrested and imprisoned. In prison, Ostrovsky was tortured, the bandits removed his age, attempted to shoot him, but fortunately there was a charity bandit army to inspect the prison, Ostrovsky was lucky enough to release. In July the same year, Ostrovsky joined the communist youth group, in August he volunteered to join the Red Army, was incorporated into the Ketovsky Brigade, went to the front. In the fight with the white bandits, Ostrovsky thigh injury, hurt, he joined the prestigious Bujoni first cavalry regiment. After many fights, Ostrovsky became an excellent scout, and many times by the regiment's order awards.
In August 1920, in the battle of the Soviet-Polish war, Ostrovsky was bombarded with the head and abdomen, and was sent to the Kiev Army Hospital after he was unconscious for 13 days. In the medical staff of the rescue, he finally stubbornly overcome the death, but the skull was pierced, his right eye from the blind. Two months later, his injury has not yet fully recovered and asked to go back to the front, but the higher decision to stay in the rear to participate in the anti-corruption committee work. Soon, in order to take care of his body, the provincial Communist Youth League sent him to the Kiev railway factory, responsible for the work of the Communist Youth League.
In the autumn of 1921, due to the passive slowdown of the leaders of the Railway Forestry Commission, coupled with the destruction of Peter's bandits, the severe lack of fuel in Kiev. In order to solve the fuel problem, the higher authorities decided to build a straight railroad at the Bogulkar station near Kiev. Ostrovsky, regardless of physical weakness, led a team of Communist Youth League members, day and night fighting in the snow on the construction site. When the project is about to complete, the thin Ostrovsky suffering from severe typhoid fever, complicated with large leaf pneumonia, the body temperature rose sharply. The superiors sent a squad to send the dying Ostrovsky home. When his relatives took him off the carriage, he thought he was dead. However, he was bed more than a month later, and finally the fourth victory over death.
Iron and steel is so made
August 3, 1924, Ostrovsky joined the Communist Party, when he was only 20 years old. Then he served as secretary of the Communist Youth League Patekov card to the Committee and the Warren State League Committee and other duties. As he often worked day and night, his body finally collapsed down. The doctor thought that his anterior spine had been wounded and the central nervous system had been seriously injured.Despite the organization on his doubly caring, but in the end, 23-year-old Ostrovsky or paralyzed the whole body.
In April 1930, Ostrovsky and his wife moved to Moscow, living in a secluded alley in Krupptkin Street. In autumn, he began to create "how steel is made". Under the care of the party and the organization, he was equipped with secretaries and typists, so that his writing speed greatly improved. In just one year, the book was finished. In April 1932, in the "Youth Guards" magazine began to serial "steel is how to make". In 1934, the book was officially published, and then at home and abroad caused a strong reaction. Some well-known domestic and famous writers have written to Ostrovsky expressed high respect, the old writers Tu La Fei Mo Weiwei and Lenin's siblings are deliberately rushed to Ostrovsky where the nursing home, Congratulate him.
"Iron and steel is how to make" Since the publication of 20 years, only in the Soviet Union will use 43 kinds of national language published more than 150 times. Ostrovsky became the world famous proletarian writer. In particular, the book hero Paul Kocha Jin in the hometown of martyrs before the tomb of a monologue, became the motto of millions of young people: "The most precious thing is life." This life, people can only get a person's life should be This time: when he recalls the past, he will not because of wasted years of regret and regret, but also because of the past mediocrity and shame; in the time of death, he can say: my whole life and all the energy, are Has been dedicated to the world 's most magnificent cause - for the liberation of mankind.
In April 1936, Ostrovsky's father died, two months later, he admired the great proletarian writer Golgi's death, this series of attacks to Ostrovsky's condition deteriorated dramatically. December 22, the strong Bolshevik warrior, the famous proletarian writer finally died. The last thing he left was a book to the children: "Kochkin's happiness."
3139/5000Shíqī suì shí, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dàitóu cānjiā xiūjiàn yītiáo tiělù zhīxiàn de jiānjù gōngzuò. Zài tiělù gōngdì shàng, bù shǎo rén bèi èliè de tiáojiàn, jíbìng hé fěibāng de tōuxí duó qù shēngmìng. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yǎo jǐn yáguān, pīnmìng gàn huó. Dàn zài jíjiāng jùngōng shí, tā shuāng xī hóngzhǒng. Bùlǚ jiānnán, bìngqiě gǎnrǎnle shānghán, hūnmí bù xǐng, bèi sòng huílǎojiā. Zài mǔqīn xīxīn zhàoliào xià, tā cái miǎnqiáng huóle guòlái. Chóng fǎn gōngchǎng hòu, tā yībiān láodòng, yībiān zài jìxiào xuéxí. Shāng bìng zhī shēn, jīng bù qǐ guòdù de xīnláo, jiànkāng zhuàngkuàng yuè lái yuè zāo, tā bèi sòng jìn liáoyǎngyuàn jìnxíng lǐliáo. Bìngqíng shāo yǒu hǎozhuǎn, yòu fǎnhuí jīfǔ, bìng hé xǔduō gòngqīngtuán yuán yīqǐ, zài méi xī shēn, cìgǔ lěng de héshuǐ zhōng qiǎngjiù mùcái, tā zàicì bìng dǎo le. Shíbā suì shí, yīliáo jiàndìng wěiyuánhuì wèi tā qiānfāle yī děng cánfèi zhèngmíng! Dànshì tā què cáng qǐ zhèngmíng, jìxù yāoqiú ānpái gōngzuò.
Shàonián shídài
ní gǔ lā·ā liè kè xiè yē wéi qí·ào sī tè luò fu sī jī shì èluósī rén, bùguò tā de chūshēng dì què zài wūkèlán. Fùqīn zài 1877 nián de tǔ é zhànzhēng shí céng shì yī míng pàobīng, tuìyì hòu yīzhí méiyǒu gùdìng gōngzuò, zhǐhǎo dào niàngjiǔ chǎng dāng jìjiégōng yě céng zàiwài cūn huò chéng lǐ dǎ línggōng. Hái dāngguò wǔ nián yóuchāi. Tā dàoguò bǐde bǎo, fúguò bīngyì, jiēchùguò jìnbù de dàxuéshēng, zhīdào yīxiē gémìng zhě yǔ shāhuáng zuò dòuzhēng de gùshì. Zhōngnián de pínkùn shǐ tā de píqì biàn de fēicháng huài, jīngcháng xùjiǔ hòu huí dào jiālǐ dǎ mà qī'érlǎoxiǎo. Mǔqīn chūshēn pínhán, xiǎo xiǎo niánjì jiù bùdé bù qù jǐ rénjiā gàn huó, fàng é, zhòng cài, zhàokàn háizi. Tāmen hūn hòu shēng xià liù gè er nǚ, yāozhéle liǎng gè. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zuìxiǎo, shàngmiàn yǒu liǎng gè jiejie, yīgè gēgē. Mǔqīn chúle zuòjiāwù dài háizi, hái tì rénjiā zuò zhēnxiàn, gěi fù rén dāng nǚ yōng, tiāntiān lèi de yāo dōu zhí bù qǐlái, měi yuè cái 5 gè lúbù. Yóuyú jiājìng pínkùn, zài xiāngcūn jiàohuì xiǎoxué cái niànle sān nián shū de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī biàn bèi pò chuòxué. Bùjiǔ, tā jìjū zài dāng sēnlín kānshǒu rén de wàigōng jiālǐ, tì rén fàng mǎ.
1914 Nián dì yīcì shìjiè dàzhàn bàofā, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yījiā táonàn dào biānjìng xiǎochéngzhèn shě pèi tuō fu kǎ. Fùqīn zài chēzhàn zhǎodào yī fèn gōngzuò, mǔqīn zài yīgè shuìwù guān jiālǐ zuò chú niang. Shēnghuó shāowéi wěndìng yǐhòu, mǔqīn biàn bǎ gānggāng 10 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī sòng jìn zhèn shàng de yī suǒ xiǎoxué. Zài xuéxiào lǐ, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jīngcháng shòudào shàng shèngjīng kè de shénfù de chìzé. Yǒu yīcì, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī rènwéi tiānwén kè lǎoshī guānyú dìqiú qǐyuán de shuōfǎ hé nà wèi shénfù shuō de bùtóng, jiù qù zhǎo shénfù xiǎng wèn gè míngbái, shénfù dà fā qí huǒ, shǐjìn jiū zhù tā de ěrduo wǎng qiáng shàng zhuàng tā de tóu. Hòulái, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zài zhè wèi shénfù jiālǐ bǔkè shí, qiāoqiāo de zài tā jiā wéiguò fùhuó jié ér zhǔnbèi de shípǐn lǐ sāle yī bǎ huī, bù qiǎo bèi shénfù fāxiàn hòu gào dào xiàozhǎng nàlǐ, jiéguǒ, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bèi xuéxiào kāi chúle.
Wèile shēngcún,12 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zhǐhǎo dào chēzhàn shítáng qù dāng shāo shuǐ gōng. Zài jiānkǔ de láozuò zhōng, zhè wèi nèixīn yǒuzhe qiángliè qiúzhī yù de shàonián tōngguò gè zhǒng bànfǎ, zhǎo lái xǔduō shūjí, kāishǐ zìxué. Yǒu yītiān bànyè lǐ, píjuàn zhī jí de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī wàngle guānshàng shuǐlóngtóu, jiù zài cháicáo duī shàng shuìzhele, děng lǐngbān de jìnlái fāxiàn shuǐliú biàndì shí, bǎ tā hěn hěn de zòule yī dùn. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dí gēgē dé zhī yǐhòu, jiù qù bǎ nàgè lǐngbān de zòu de bíqīngliǎnzhǒng, jiéguǒ bèi zhuā dào xiànbīng duì lǐ guānle 15 tiān. Cóngcǐ yǐhòu, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī gèngjiā zēnghèn tā zài shēnghuó zhōng suǒ kàn dào de zhǒngzhǒng chǒu'è xiànxiàng, nèixīn de fǎnkàng yìshí yě zhújiàn jiāshēnle.
Shísì suì hòu ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jìnfā diànchǎng, gěi sīlú gōng, diàngōng dǎxiàshǒu, yě gànguò jù mùchái, xiè méi děng záhuó. Tā cóngxiǎo jùyǒu jí qiáng de qiúzhī yù, kěwàng niànshū, dàn zhǐ duànduànxùxù dìshàngguò jǐ nián xué. Zài xuéxiào lǐ, tā bùjǐn chéng jì yōuxiù, érqiě shífēn huóyuè, shì lǎoshī de hǎo zhùshǒu. Tā shì xiěguò tónghuà, duǎnpiān xiǎoshuō he shīgē, zài xuéshēng zì biān shǒuxiě de “zázh씓qīngchūn de sècǎi” shàng fābiǎoguò xízuò. Tā hái xǐhuan yǎn huàjù, zuì ài dēngtái bànyǎn jùyǒu yīngxióng qìgài de juésè. Tā jǐ dù chuòxué, dàdū shì yóuyú pínqióng, yǒu yīcì zé shì yīnwèi chùfànle jiào shénxué kè de shénfù. Yúshì, zhè háizi xiǎng jǐn bànfǎ jiè shū, shènzhì bǎ wǔfàn ràng gěi bào fàn chī, huànqǔ bàokān lái kàn. Tā zài shí'èr suì jīng dōng nī yà tuījiàn zhī xià dúle ài'ěrlán nǚ zuòjiā fú ní qì de dàibiǎozuò “niúméng”, cóngcǐ, niúméng de xíngxiàng shēn shēn de yìn zàile tā de xīnkǎn lǐ.
Gémìng zhòng chéngzhǎng
shí yuè gémìng qiánxī, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī rènshile zài shě pèi tuō fu kǎ lǐngdǎo gōngrén dòuzhēng de fèi duō ěr hé lín ní kē. Zài zhè liǎng wèi bù'ěrshéwéikè de jiàoyù xià, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī zǒu shàngle gémìng dàolù.
Zài gémìng shènglì hòu bùjiǔ, biānjìng xiǎo chéng shě pèi tuō fu kǎ yòu bèi déguó guǐzi hé bǐde liú lā fěi jūn zhànlǐng, yǐ lín ní kē wéishǒu de gémìng wěiyuánhuì zhuǎn rù dìxià jìxù duì dí dòuzhēng. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī yībiān zuò zágōng wéichí shēnghuó, yībiān qiāoqiāo wánchéng lín ní kē jiāo gěi tā de gémìng rènwù.
1919 Nián chūntiān, gémìng wěiyuánhuì wěiyuán fèi duō ěr bèi bǐde liú lā fěi jūn dàibǔ, nián jǐn 15 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dúzì yīrén máifú zài bǐde liú lā fěi jūn yājiè fèi duō ěr de lùshàng, chìshǒukōngquán de dǎdǎo yāsòng bīng, jiùchū fèi duō ěr, dàn tā zìjǐ què yīncǐ bèi bǔ rù yù. Zài yù zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī shòu jǐn kùxíng, fěi jūn shāngǎile tā de niánlíng, qìtú qiāngbì tā, xìnghǎo yǒu yīgè císhàn de fěi jūn shàngxiào lái chá jiān, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī cái xìng'ér huòshì. Tóngnián 7 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jiārù gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán,8 yuè tā zhìyuàn jiārù hóngjūn, bèi biān rù kè tuō fu sī jī lǚ tuán, kāifù qiánxiàn. Zài yǔ bái fěi zuòzhàn zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī dàtuǐ shòushāng, shāng hǎo hòu, tā biàn jiārùle wēimíng yuǎnyáng de bù qióng ní dì yī qíbīng jūntuán. Jīngguò duō cì zhàndòu, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī chéngwéile yī míng chūsè de zhēnchá bīng, bìng duō cì shòudào tuán bù de tōnglìng jiājiǎng.
1920 Nián 8 yuè, zài sū bō zhànzhēng de jìngōng lǐ wò fu de zhàndòu zhōng, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bèi pàodàn zhà shāng tóu bù hé fùbù, bèi sòng jìn jīfǔ lùjūn yīyuàn hòu tā zhěngzhěng hūnmíle 13 tiān. Zài yīhù rényuán de dàlì qiǎngjiù xià, tā zhōngyú wánqiáng de zhànshèngle sǐshén, dàn yīn lúgǔ bèi dǎ chuān, tā de yòu yǎn cóngcǐ shīmíng. Liǎng gè yuè zhīhòu, tā de shāngshì hái méiyǒu wánquán kāngfù biàn yāoqiú huí qiánxiàn, dànshì shàngjí juédìng bǎ tā liú zài hòufāng cānjiā sù fǎn wěiyuánhuì gōngzuò. Bùjiǔ, wèile zhàogù tā de shēntǐ, shěng tuánwěi bǎ tā pài dào jīfǔ tiělù gōngchǎng, fùzé chǎng lǐ de gòngqīngtuán gōngzuò.
1921 Nián qiūtiān, yóuyú tiělù línyè wěiyuánhuì lǐngdǎo rén xiāojí dàigōng, jiāzhī bǐde liú lā fěi jūn de pòhuài, yánhán zhōng de jīfǔ yánzhòng quēfá ránliào. Wèi liǎo jiějué ránliào wèntí, shàngjí juédìng zài jīfǔ fùjìn de bō yā kǎ'ěr zhàn xiūzhù yītiáo zhítōng fámù chǎng de qīngbiàn tiělù. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jī bùgù shēntǐ xūruò, dàilǐng yī duì gòngqīngtuán yuán, rìyè fènzhàn zài fēng xuě jiāojiā de jiànzhú gōngdì shàng. Zài gōngchéng jíjiāng wánchéng de shíhou, shòuruò de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī huàn shàngle yánzhòng de cháng shānghán, bìngfā dà yè fèiyán, tǐwēn jíjù shàngshēng. Shàngjí pàichū yī zhī xiǎo fēnduì, bǎ yǎnyānyīxī de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī sòng huí jiāxiāng. Dāng tā de qīnrénmen bǎ tā cóng chēxiāng lǐ tái xiàlái shí, hái yǐwéi tā yǐjīng sǐle. Rán'ér, tā wòchuáng yīgè duō yuè hòu, zhōngyú dì sì cì zhànshèng sǐshén.
Gāngtiě jiùshì zhèyàng liàn chéng de
1924 nián 8 yuè 3 rì, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī jiārùle gòngchǎndǎng, dāngshí tā cái nián jǐn 20 suì. Jiēzhe, tā céng rèn gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán shě pèi tuō fu kǎ de wěi shūjì hé wò lún zhōu tuánwěi wěiyuán děng zhíwù. Yóuyú tā jīngcháng bù fēn zhòuyè dì gōngzuò, tā de shēntǐ zhōngyú kuǎle xiàlái. Yīshēng rènwéi tā qián jǐchuí shòuguò ànshāng, zhōngshū shénjīng xìtǒng shòu dàole yánzhòng shānghài. Jǐnguǎn zǔzhī shàng duì tā jiābèi guānhuái, dàn zuìhòu,23 suì de ào sī tè luò fu sī jī háishì quánshēn tānhuànle.
1930 Nián 4 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī hé qīzi bān dào mòsīkē, zhù zài kè lǔ bào tè jīn dàjiē yītiáo pìjìng de hútòng lǐ. Qiūtiān, tā kāishǐ zhuóshǒu chuàngzuò “gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de”. Zài dǎng hé zǔzhī de guānhuái xià, gěi tā pèibèile mìshū hé dǎzì yuán, shǐ tā de xiězuò sùdù dàdà tíshēngle. Jǐn yòng yī nián shíjiān, zhè běn shū de shàng juǎn biàn wánchéngle.1932 Nián 4 yuè, zài “qīngnián jìn wèi jūn” zázhì shàng kāishǐ liánzài “gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de”.1934 Nián, gāi shū dānxíngběn zhèngshì chūbǎn fāxíng, jiēzhe zài guónèi wài yǐnqǐle qiángliè de fǎnxiǎng. Guónèi yīxiē zhīmíng rénshì hé zhùmíng zuòjiā fēnfēn xiě xìn xiàng ào sī tè luò fu sī jī biǎoshì chónggāo de jìngyì, lǎo zuòjiā tuǒ lā fēi mò wéi qí hé lièníng de dìmèi dōu tèyì gǎn dào ào sī tè luò fu sī jī suǒzài de liáoyǎngyuàn, xiàng tā biǎoshì zhùhè.
“Gāngtiě shì zěnyàng liàn chéng de” zì fābiǎo hòu 20 niánjiān, jǐn zài sūlián biàn yòng 43 zhǒng mínzú yǔyán chūbǎn 150 duō cì. Ào sī tè luò fu sī jīchéngle quán shìjiè wénmíng de wúchǎn jiējí zuòjiā. Yóuqí shì shū zhōng zhǔréngōng bǎo ěr·kē chá jīn zài jiāxiāng lièshì mùqián de yīduàn dúbái, chéngwéile qiān bǎi wàn qīngnián de zuòyòumíng:“Rén zuì bǎoguì de dōngxi shì shēngmìng. Zhè shēngmìng, rén zhǐ néng dédào yī cì. Rén de yīshēng yīngdāng zhèyàng dùguò: Dāng tā huíyì wǎngshì de shíhou, tā bù zhìyú yīnwèi xūdù niánhuá ér huǐhèn, yě bù zhìyú yīn wéi guòqù de lùlù wúwéi ér xiūkuì; zài lín sǐ de shíhou, tā nénggòu shuō: Wǒ de zhěnggè shēngmìng hé quánbù jīnglì, dōu yǐjīng xiàn gěile shìjiè shàng zuì zhuànglì de shìyè——wéi rénlèi de jiěfàng ér dòuzhēng.”
1936 Nián 4 yuè, ào sī tè luò fu sī jī de fùqīn qùshì, liǎng gè yuè hòu, tāsuǒ jìngyǎng de wěidà de wúchǎn jiējí zuòjiā gāo'ěrjī shìshì, zhè jiēlián de dǎjí shǐ ào sī tè luò fu sī jī de bìngqíng jíjù èhuà.12 Yuè 22 rì, zhè wèi jiānqiáng de bù'ěrshéwéikè zhànshì, zhùmíng de wúchǎn jiējí zuò jiā zhōngyú yǔshìchángcí. Tā liú xià de zuìhòu de zuòpǐn, shì yī běn gěi háizimen kàn de shū:“Kē chá jīn de xìngfú”.At the age of seventeen, Ostrovsky took the lead in participating in the construction of a railway branch of the arduous work. In the railway site, many people were bad conditions, disease and gang attack took life.Ostrovsky clenched his teeth and worked hard. But at the time of completion, his knees are swollen, struggling, and infected with typhoid fever, unconscious, was sent back home. In the mother care, he barely survived. After returning to the factory, he was working while he was studying. Injured body, can not stand too hard, health is getting worse, he was sent to the nursing home for physical therapy. The condition improved slightly, and returned to Kiev, and together with many members of the Communist Youth League, in the knee without deep, biting cold water to rescue the wood, he fell ill again. At the age of eighteen, the Medical Appraisal Committee issued a first-class disability certificate for him! But he concealed and continued to ask for work.
Teenager
Nikolai Alekseyevich Ostrovsky is a Russian, but his birthplace is in Ukraine. Father in 1877 when the Russian War was an artillery, after retirement has been no fixed work, had to the winery when the seasonal workers have been in the village or the city odd jobs. Also had five years postman. He went to Petersburg, served military service, contact with the progress of college students, know some revolutionaries and the tsar to fight the story. The poverty of the year made his temper very bad, often after drinking home and scolded his wife and children. Mother was born poor, young age had to go to people to work, goose, vegetables, care for children. They gave birth to six children after marriage, died two. Ostrovsky is the smallest, with two sisters and one brother. Mother in addition to doing housework with children, but also for others to do needle and thread, to the rich when the maid, every day tired of the waist are straight up, only five rubles per month. Ostrovsky was forced to drop out of school because of his family poverty and a three-year book in a village church elementary school. Soon, he sojourned as a forest guard's grandfather's house, for people to put the horse.
The outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Ostrovsky, fled to the small town of the town of Sheppertov. Father found a job at the station, the mother in a tax officer home cooker. After a little stability of life, the mother put just 10-year-old Ostrovsky sent to the town of a primary school. In the school, Ostrovsky was often reprimanded by priests of the Bible class. On one occasion, Ostrovsky thought that the astronomy class teacher's argument about the origin of the earth was different from that of the priest, and went to the priest to ask, and that the priest had made a fire and grabbed his ear Hit his head on his head. Later, Ostrovsky in the priest's home make up classes, quietly in his home for Easter and prepared food sprinkled a gray, unfortunately found by the priest found the principal there, the results, Ostrovsky was dismissed from the school.
In order to survive, 12-year-old Ostrovsky had to go to the station cafeteria to burn water workers. In the hard work, the heart has a strong curiosity of the juvenile through a variety of ways, find a lot of books, began to self-study. One day and a half night, the most tired of Ostrowsky forget to close the faucet, fell asleep on the pile of firewood, and other foreman came in and found the water everywhere, he severely beaten a meal. Ostrovsky's brother learned that, after that, the leader was beaten and swollen, and the result was caught in the gendarmerie for 15 days. Since then, Ostrovsky has more hatred of all the ugly phenomena he saw in his life, and his inner sense of revolt has gradually deepened.
After fourteen years old Ostrovsky into the power plant, to the furnace workers, electricians to start hand, but also dry saw firewood, coal unloading and other chores. He has a very strong curiosity, eager to study, but only on a few years to learn. In school, he not only excellent results, and very active, is a good assistant teacher. He has written a fairy tale, short stories and poetry, published in the students' handwritten "magazine" "youthful colors". He also likes to play drama, favorite stage to play a heroic role. He dropped out of school several times, mostly because of poverty, and once because of the priest who had violated the teaching of theology. So, the child tried to borrow books, and even let the lunch to the newspaper to eat, in exchange for newspapers and periodicals. He was twelve years old by the Dong Niya recommended reading of the Irish women writer Fu Nichi's masterpiece "Gadfly", since then, the image of the Gadfly deeply printed in his heart.
Grow in the revolution
On the eve of the October Revolution, Ostrovsky met Fidor and Linnick in the struggle of the Shepherd Traffe to lead the workers. In the two Bolshevik education, Ostrovsky embarked on a revolutionary path.
Shortly after the victory of the revolution, the border town of Perezovska was the German devils and Peter left the bandits army occupation, led by the Revolutionary Committee led by Lin Nico to continue to fight against the enemy. Ostrovsky, while doing the handyman to keep life, while quietly completed Lin Nike to his revolutionary mission.
In the spring of 1919, the commissioner of the Revolutionary Committee, Fedor, was arrested by Peter's bandit army, and only 15-year-old Ostrovsky was lying alone on the way to the prisoners of Pietro, Soldiers, rescued Fredor, but he was arrested and imprisoned. In prison, Ostrovsky was tortured, the bandits removed his age, attempted to shoot him, but fortunately there was a charity bandit army to inspect the prison, Ostrovsky was lucky enough to release. In July the same year, Ostrovsky joined the communist youth group, in August he volunteered to join the Red Army, was incorporated into the Ketovsky Brigade, went to the front. In the fight with the white bandits, Ostrovsky thigh injury, hurt, he joined the prestigious Bujoni first cavalry regiment. After many fights, Ostrovsky became an excellent scout, and many times by the regiment's order awards.
In August 1920, in the battle of the Soviet-Polish war, Ostrovsky was bombarded with the head and abdomen, and was sent to the Kiev Army Hospital after he was unconscious for 13 days. In the medical staff of the rescue, he finally stubbornly overcome the death, but the skull was pierced, his right eye from the blind. Two months later, his injury has not yet fully recovered and asked to go back to the front, but the higher decision to stay in the rear to participate in the anti-corruption committee work. Soon, in order to take care of his body, the provincial Communist Youth League sent him to the Kiev railway factory, responsible for the work of the Communist Youth League.
In the autumn of 1921, due to the passive slowdown of the leaders of the Railway Forestry Commission, coupled with the destruction of Peter's bandits, the severe lack of fuel in Kiev. In order to solve the fuel problem, the higher authorities decided to build a straight railroad at the Bogulkar station near Kiev. Ostrovsky, regardless of physical weakness, led a team of Communist Youth League members, day and night fighting in the snow on the construction site. When the project is about to complete, the thin Ostrovsky suffering from severe typhoid fever, complicated with large leaf pneumonia, the body temperature rose sharply. The superiors sent a squad to send the dying Ostrovsky home. When his relatives took him off the carriage, he thought he was dead. However, he was bed more than a month later, and finally the fourth victory over death.
Iron and steel is so made
August 3, 1924, Ostrovsky joined the Communist Party, when he was only 20 years old. Then he served as secretary of the Communist Youth League Patekov card to the Committee and the Warren State League Committee and other duties. As he often worked day and night, his body finally collapsed down. The doctor thought that his anterior spine had been wounded and the central nervous system had been seriously injured.Despite the organization on his doubly caring, but in the end, 23-year-old Ostrovsky or paralyzed the whole body.
In April 1930, Ostrovsky and his wife moved to Moscow, living in a secluded alley in Krupptkin Street. In autumn, he began to create "how steel is made". Under the care of the party and the organization, he was equipped with secretaries and typists, so that his writing speed greatly improved. In just one year, the book was finished. In April 1932, in the "Youth Guards" magazine began to serial "steel is how to make". In 1934, the book was officially published, and then at home and abroad caused a strong reaction. Some well-known domestic and famous writers have written to Ostrovsky expressed high respect, the old writers Tu La Fei Mo Weiwei and Lenin's siblings are deliberately rushed to Ostrovsky where the nursing home, Congratulate him.
"Iron and steel is how to make" Since the publication of 20 years, only in the Soviet Union will use 43 kinds of national language published more than 150 times. Ostrovsky became the world famous proletarian writer. In particular, the book hero Paul Kocha Jin in the hometown of martyrs before the tomb of a monologue, became the motto of millions of young people: "The most precious thing is life." This life, people can only get a person's life should be This time: when he recalls the past, he will not because of wasted years of regret and regret, but also because of the past mediocrity and shame; in the time of death, he can say: my whole life and all the energy, are Has been dedicated to the world 's most magnificent cause - for the liberation of mankind.
In April 1936, Ostrovsky's father died, two months later, he admired the great proletarian writer Golgi's death, this series of attacks to Ostrovsky's condition deteriorated dramatically. December 22, the strong Bolshevik warrior, the famous proletarian writer finally died. The last thing he left was a book to the children: "Kochkin's happiness."
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