抗日英烈張自忠英文簡(jiǎn)介
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張自忠簡(jiǎn)介
Zhang Zizhong (August 11, 1891 - May 16, 1940), the word Jin Chen, after the change Jin Chen, the Han nationality, Shandong Province, the Qing Dynasty, the fifth theater right wing army and the thirty-third army commander, the Chinese Kuomintang Admiral will lie in the army lieutenant, the second class will be awarded the title, the famous anti-Japanese generals, national heroes. 1937 to 1940 has participated in the fight to the city of Linyi, Xuzhou battle, Wuhan battle, with the jujube battle and jujube will fight and so on. 1940 in Xiangyang and the Japanese fighting, unfortunately sacrifice.
After the founding of new China, the Central People's Government to recognize General Zhang Zizhong as a revolutionary martyr, in 2009 was named "100 for the new China to make outstanding contributions to the hero model."
In September 2014, General Zhang Zizhong ranked the first batch of 300 well-known anti-Japanese martyrs and hero groups.
張自忠人物生平
Teenager
Zhang Zizhong, the word Jin Chen, August 11, 1891 was born in Shandong Linqing Tang Yuancun a official family. Zhang Zizhong 6 years old into the private school, 3 years later, his father Zhang Gugui went to Jiangsu Gan Yu took the inspection, Zhang Zizhong also took to go. In 1905, Zhang Shugui due to good performance, Acting Ganyu magistrate, official Jin five products. At this time Zhang Zizhong 14 years old, has grown into a heroic and full of justice sense of juvenile. Zhang Shugui see his son grow up, and alive and staunch, put him back to Linqing home. Zhang Zizhong back to Lin soon, from Gan Yu came bad news: his father died due to illness.
Guangxu thirty-one years (1905), Zhang Zizhong father Zhang Gugui died, his mother Feng became the head of the family. Family moved to Linqing.
Guangxu thirty-three years (1907), 16-year-old Zhang Zizhong by the mother to call the shots, and Linqing County Councilor Lihua South daughter, seventeen-year-old Li Minhui married.
Guangxu thirty-four years (1908), he admitted to the Linqing high school. Stressed that loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, justice of the traditional moral from the urine in Zhang Zizhong's heart deeply rooted. Learning, Zhang Zizhong often borrow some novels to read pastime. Most of his favorite is the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "said Tang" and "said Yue Jingzhong Biography". These classic master of the traditional moral made a living note, Guan Yunchang, Yue Wu Mu and Qin Shubao loyalty chivalry and noble gas on his deep impact.
Xuantong two years (1910) summer, Zhang Zizhong graduated from the higher primary school.
Warlord
Xuantong three years (1911) in October, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. Winter, Zhang Zizhong was admitted to the famous law school in northern China, Tianjin, Beiyang law and politics school. Here, he first came into contact with Sun Yat-sen's theory of the Three People's Principles and the bourgeois revolutionary platform of "exposing the tartan, resuming China, establishing the Republic of China and the average land". These enlightening progressive ideas have added new content to the minds of Confucius himself, and have had a considerable impact on his future growth. At the end of 1911, Zhang Zizhong secretly joined the League, personally put the vigorous revolutionary movement.
In 1916 September, fellow friends car Zhen Yin Zhang Zizhong to Langfang, he recommended to the Feng Yuxiang. Feng listened to the introduction of old friends, and Zhang Zizhong looked up and down some, see him grow tall heroes, and quite "Shen Yi of gas", they are very satisfied to accept him. Defected to the beginning of Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Zizhong was appointed lieutenant sent. Soon, Zhang Zizhong by the trainee was promoted to platoon leader, where the company commander is later quite famous "defection general" stone three.
In September 1918, Feng Yuxiang set up an officer's mission in Changde, headed by the head of the artillery regiment. Zhang Zizhong sent the troops into the teaching corps. The main learning tactics, tactics, terrain, weapons, military history, fortification, simple mapping and the Code, Fan, and so on.
In the spring of 1924, Zhang Zizhong was appointed by Feng Yuxiang as the head of the academy. Is the autumn, the second straight outbreak of war broke out. Wu Peifu appointed Feng Yuxiang as the commander of the Third Army, so that the ancient northbound attack Kai Lu, but Feng Yuxiang secretly returned to Beijing, and garrison Sun Yue Department of Beijing should be outside, launched the Beijing coup, imprisoned direct leader Cao Kun, and Pu Yi emperor expelled from the palace The In this process, Zhang Zizhong ordered by the ancient North mouth straight Chang shop, interception Wu Peifu traffic corps, forced to surrender. Soon, Zhang Zizhong was ordered to move to Fengtai. Zhang Zizhong led his troops to Fengtai, expelled the British army, to regain Fengtai sovereignty.
In May 1930, China's modern history of the unprecedented warlord melee - Jiang Feng Yan Zhongyuan war broke out, the two sides into the troops up to 1.3 million people. At this point, Zhang Zizhong any 6 division commander, compiled by Zhang Weixi command of the South Army. In early May, the South Road Army first in the Ping Han line to Chiang Kai-shek war. In mid-May, Zhang Zizhong command the sixth division overnight from Jiang Jun Xu Yuanquan hands to recapture Xuchang fifteen miles shop. In mid-June, Zhang Zizhong and other departments from the Ping Han line to the Longhai line, support the East Army. In the high Yin Ji defeated Jiang Jun elite Zhang Zhizhi teach the second division. His chief of staff, Zhang Kexia, said: "The determination of strong, dangerous, and when the situation is urgent, even calm self-sustaining, look embraced."
On September 18, 1930, Zhang Xueliang, commander of the Northeast Army, who had been riding a tiger, announced his abandonment of his neutral position, Zhang Zizhong's sixth division in addition to supporting the twelfth brigade with the beam cast Jiang, there are fifteenth, sixteen brigade and a large number of pistols, about 5,000 people, is the most complete of the Northwest Army remnants One of the troops.
On January 16, 1931, the Northwest Army remnants were formally formed as the Third Army of the Northeast Frontier Defense Army, Song Zheyuan Ren Junjun, Qin Dechun, Liu Ruoming as deputy commander, Feng Zhi'an thirty-seven division division teacher, Zhang Zizhong as thirty-eight division teacher. In June the same year, the Nanjing government began to reorganize the national army, the third army was renamed the twenty-ninth army.
Anti - Japanese War
January 10, 1933, the twenty-nine army was ordered by the Shanxi Yangquan went to Tongzhou, Sanhe, Jixian, Yutian standby. This is Zhang Zizhong since the first time with the Japanese war.
March 4, 1933 Chengde fell, the twenty-nine army was ordered to go to the peak of the mouth of the enemy, cold air defense to deal with the earthquake to replace. March 7, Zhang Zizhong and Feng Zhian arrived Zunhua San Tun camp and the Japanese fighting seven days, the Japanese can not win, turn the main direction to Luo Wenyu. Zhang Zizhong, Feng Zhian will thirty-seven division Liu Jingshan two nine nine regiment and thirty-eight division Qi Guangyuan twenty-eight group transferred to the Luo Wenyu side, under the command of Liu Ru Ming. Fighting results, the Japanese again defeated, embarrassed retreat. This is one of the rare victories of the Chinese army in the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japan. But because of Chiang Kai-shek at this time the main focus is still on the "encirclement and suppression" of the Communist Party and the Red Army, the Great Wall of the line of defense is weak, the Japanese from the cold to break through the Department of the Ministry of Conflict line, into the Great Wall, and then occupied Qian'an, twenty-nine army Abdomen by the enemy, isolated and helpless situation, was forced to give up hi peak mouth, Luo Wenyu position, to the southwest retreat. The National Government to step up the Japanese army to seek a truce, and ultimately forced to sign a humiliation with the Japanese side of the "Tanggu Agreement."
In February 1937 the Kuomintang and the anti-Japanese national united front were initially formed. July 7, seventy-seven Marco Polo Bridge broke out. When the incident occurred, Zhang Zizhong in Beiping bed treatment, senior officials only Peking Mayor Qin Dechun presided over the work. 10 days and nights, the Japanese army in Peiping secret agents Matsui too long Lang and Japanese troops in the army assistant military officer Imai Wu Fu met with Zhang Zizhong, without success. Chiang Kai-shek and peace, Ping Jin public opinion once that Zhang Zizhong as a "traitor." August 6, Zhang Zizhong, deputy lieutenant Liao Baocheng, Zhou Baoheng hid in the East Crossing Lane Hospital of Germany; at the same time through the "Peking Morning News" and other media issued a statement, announced the resignation of all agents. 8, Peking fall. September 3, Zhang Zizhong fleeing Peiping.
1938 Zhang Zizhong general of the 77th Army 179 teachers He Ji Feng stationed in the Pacific, the Chiang Kai-shek was extremely dissatisfied with the negative resistance to the war, resulting in more than his generals were framed to death.
May 1940, the Japanese army in order to control the Yangtze River traffic, cut off to Chongqing transport line, build 300,000 troops launched jujube battle. 1, Zhang Zizhong personally reported that the troops, the generals played. 7 dawn, Zhang Zizhong Dongdu Xiang River, led his troops into the north. 14, the two sides met. 15, Zhang Zizhong led by more than 1,500 people were surrounded by nearly 6,000 Japanese invaders in the pumpkin shop north of the ditch along the village. Guild Wars to 16 days Buddha Xiao, Zhang Zizhong was forced into the pumpkin shop ten miles long mountain. The Japanese army under the cover of the aircraft artillery, a day and night launched nine assault. Zhang Zizhong's casualties rose sharply. May 16 Zhang Zizhong from morning to afternoon, has been craving supervisory war, at noon his left arm still stick to command operations. To 2 pm, Zhang Zizhong only a handful of hundreds of officers and men, he will be transferred to their own guard in front of all reinforcements, only left senior staff Zhang Jing and adjutant Ma Xiaotang 8 people. May 16 at 4 pm, Zhang Zizhong Department of annihilated, Zhang Zizhong died.
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