高考英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)不僅需要知識(shí)的積累與運(yùn)用，同時(shí)也需要掌握一定的技巧和方法.下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家推薦的2017高考英語(yǔ)試題說(shuō)明文，僅供大家參考!

　　說(shuō)明文重點(diǎn)詮釋

　　1.說(shuō)明文是以說(shuō)明為主要表達(dá)方式，用簡(jiǎn)潔明了的語(yǔ)言來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明事物，闡明事理，從而給讀者提供知識(shí)的一種文體。

　　2.在高考書(shū)面表達(dá)中，其主要命題形式為圖表式作文，有時(shí)也以圖畫(huà)式和提綱式作文來(lái)呈現(xiàn)寫(xiě)作材料。

　　3.它要求語(yǔ)言要簡(jiǎn)明扼要，通俗易懂，說(shuō)明過(guò)程講究層次性和條理性。

　　4.這種文體通常用第三人稱(chēng)，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。

　　寫(xiě)作典例：

　　根據(jù)以下圖畫(huà)，寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文，描述今昔通訊方式的變化，以及這些變化給人們生活帶來(lái)的影響。(廣東06)

　　注意：

　　1.詞數(shù)：100左右

　　2.生詞：通訊：communicate (with sb.) vi. communication n.

　　互聯(lián)網(wǎng)：the Internet n.

　　說(shuō)明文案例分析

　　從材料的呈現(xiàn)方式(兩幅圖對(duì)比)及材料所提供的要求“描述變化及影響”可知，本文應(yīng)該用說(shuō)明文體來(lái)寫(xiě)作。時(shí)態(tài)的把握是本文的一大難點(diǎn)，一般情況下，說(shuō)明文應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，但本文描述的是今昔通訊方式的變化，所以在描寫(xiě)過(guò)去通訊方式的時(shí)候要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，例如in the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone 及It used to take several days to hear from each other.在描寫(xiě)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，例如本文的起始句可用“Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s life in recent years”及講述影響的過(guò)渡句“with these changes, people’s pace of life has been quickened and people’s work has been made more dfficient”. 相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)，本文用第三人稱(chēng)容易把握。

　　說(shuō)明文高分范文

　　Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s life in recent years.

　　In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone. But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone.People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time. What’s more, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.With these changes, people’s pace of life has been quickened and people’s work has been made more efficient. It used to take several days to hear from each other, but now it takes only several minutes, even if they are in two different continents.

　　In a word, people have an easier life nowadays.

　　說(shuō)明文針對(duì)練習(xí)

　　1.下表是你根據(jù)平時(shí)了解所得到的中國(guó)高三學(xué)生選擇高考志愿的信息。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)該表用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇簡(jiǎn)要介紹，向編輯部反映該情況。

　　注意：

　　1.文章的開(kāi)頭已為你寫(xiě)好。

　　2.詞數(shù)：100詞左右。

　　Chinese senior middle school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities.

　　【預(yù)測(cè)依據(jù)】

　　在高考中，圖表類(lèi)寫(xiě)作經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。其內(nèi)容上多為中學(xué)生日常生活中熟悉的生活經(jīng)歷，以及社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)。高考志愿填報(bào)問(wèn)題，是考生、家長(zhǎng)、社會(huì)等非常關(guān)注的一個(gè)熱門(mén)話(huà)題，對(duì)于該話(huà)題的報(bào)導(dǎo)以及爭(zhēng)論是人們經(jīng)常耳聞目睹的。

　　【解題指導(dǎo)】

　　本文從體裁上看屬于議論文，其命題方式屬于圖表類(lèi)。圖表類(lèi)作文多以說(shuō)明文和議論文為主，要求考生根據(jù)所給的圖表、數(shù)據(jù)及標(biāo)題進(jìn)行分析、研究，閱讀其中的文字和說(shuō)明，弄清各種信息之間的關(guān)系，提煉和確定出文章的中心思想。然后進(jìn)行分析、概括和歸納。

　　注意：(1)圖表和數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容不一定要全部描述。(2)善于抓住總的規(guī)律，趨勢(shì)，歸納增減率。(3)時(shí)態(tài)：特定時(shí)間用過(guò)去時(shí)。經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的情況或自己的評(píng)述用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　(4)要適當(dāng)運(yùn)用一些高級(jí)詞匯并靈活使用圖表類(lèi)寫(xiě)作常用的經(jīng)典好句型。

　　【參考范文】

　　Chinese senior middle school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their courses and universities.

　　A survey has been done to study it. We can see from the table that about 35% of the students believe the choice should be based on their own interest. They say interest is the mother of success. Besides, it is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in.

　　More students (around 45%), however, insist that main consideration should be given to the needs of the society, for, they argue, not everyone can find the job they like best. What’s more, interest can be born and lost.

　　Interestingly, there are about 20% who find it too difficult to make a choice and would rather depend on their parents or teachers to make a decision.

　　【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】

　　該篇文章從總體上來(lái)講，能夠把握議論文的特點(diǎn)。語(yǔ)言流暢，能夠正確地利用一些較為高級(jí)的詞語(yǔ)以及一些精彩短語(yǔ)、句型(文中黑體字)。人稱(chēng)使用正確，為第三人稱(chēng)。能夠把握主體時(shí)態(tài)：用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。因?yàn)槭墙?jīng)常出現(xiàn)的情況。能夠按題目的要求，涵蓋所要求的內(nèi)容，并適當(dāng)增添了一些相關(guān)內(nèi)容，較好地完成了寫(xiě)作任務(wù)，達(dá)到了預(yù)定的寫(xiě)作目的。

　　2.根據(jù)漫畫(huà)，請(qǐng)以“煙”為題，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，描述下面的內(nèi)容，并就此發(fā)表你的評(píng)論。

　　要求：1. 文章必須包括描述和評(píng)論兩部分;根據(jù)內(nèi)容適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意行文連貫。

　　2. 詞數(shù)：100詞左右。

　　【預(yù)測(cè)依據(jù)】

　　看圖類(lèi)寫(xiě)作是高考寫(xiě)作的熱點(diǎn)之一，具有一定的難度。內(nèi)容上多為中學(xué)生日常生活中熟悉的經(jīng)歷，社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，具有一定的交流性、應(yīng)用性、時(shí)代性、教育性。

　　【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】

　　1.要審清寫(xiě)作要求。

　　2.此題只提供了一幅相關(guān)的圖畫(huà)信息。通過(guò)觀(guān)察及寫(xiě)作要求，我們可以確定：(1)體裁：夾敘夾議;(2)人稱(chēng)：須用第三人稱(chēng);(3)時(shí)態(tài)：可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　3.審清圖畫(huà)的主題和梗概：一個(gè)年輕人在工廠(chǎng)，嘴里正吸著煙，這時(shí)他看到工廠(chǎng)里的一個(gè)禁止吸煙的標(biāo)志牌，而工廠(chǎng)本身也正向大氣中排放滾滾濃煙。年輕人頓時(shí)覺(jué)得困惑不解……由此，作者發(fā)表評(píng)論：相關(guān)部門(mén)應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施禁止工廠(chǎng)污染自然環(huán)境的行為!

　　4.增加細(xì)節(jié)，連貫成文，做到層次分明，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，并準(zhǔn)確選用相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)、句型表達(dá)圖畫(huà)內(nèi)容。

　　【參考范文】

　　Smoke

　　This is a funny and instructive picture. In the picture, a young man is smoking happily in a factory when he sees a sign which means “No smoking” on the wall. But he finds that the factory is giving off large quantities of heavy smoke which makes him feel very puzzled, “Why does the factory forbid people to smoke while the factory itself emits so much poisonous smoke?”

　　Nowadays, many factories know the danger of smoking to themselves and don’t allow people smoking in the factory. However, they don’t pay any attention to the danger that they cause to the whole society. And they let out lots of polluted smoke which does great harm to our environment.

　　In my opinion, we could live without most of the industrial products, but we could not survive without nature! Therefore, something must be done to prevent the pollution caused by all factories!

　　【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】

　　本文首先對(duì)圖片內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)短的介紹，接著發(fā)表了作者的簡(jiǎn)短評(píng)論。文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，審題準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言流暢，過(guò)渡自然。文章的得分亮點(diǎn)也較多。如最后一段，一句“In my opinion, we could live without most of industrial products, but we could not survive without nature.”，便不入俗套地點(diǎn)明了要采取相關(guān)措施的原因!可謂一語(yǔ)驚人，令人深思!

　　3.下面是一個(gè)學(xué)生的情況登記表，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)將表中所列情況進(jìn)行全面介紹。

　　要求：

　　1.層次要清楚，條理性要強(qiáng); 2.字?jǐn)?shù)在100~140字。

　　Li Gang, a boy student of 21, is now studying in the English Department of Beijing Foreign Languages University. He likes sports and games, singing and dancing, and can speak English fluently. As a League secretary, he is highly spoken of by the teachers and students and regarded as an outstanding student with great ability.

　　Li Gang is from Shandong Province. His parents are both teachers. They are dearly loved and respected by the students for their wonderful teaching work. Li Gang's elder sister, a famous doctor, works in a big hospital.

　　Li Gang has made up his mind to be a good translator after graduation and serve

　　“the four modernizations”of our country.

　　4。根據(jù)下列圖示以“The New Grading System in Our School”為題為你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文,說(shuō)明這一舉措以及你對(duì)學(xué)校實(shí)施這一舉措的認(rèn)識(shí).

　　要求: 1.詞數(shù)100字左右, 已給出部分不包括在內(nèi)。生詞: 評(píng)分體制grading system 參與participation(n.)

　　The New grading system in Our School

　　In order to help students develop their abilities in all fields, our school now has asked the teachers to make some changes in the grading system. This chart shows how it works.

　　The students’ final score will be made up of 5 parts. About 30% of it will come from their test results. The rest of the score is decided by the performances of the students in the following parts: 20% comes from your notes, and another 20% is decided by how you do your homework. If you take an active part in classroom activities, you can get another 20% of the score. Teamwork in class is also important. If you want a higher score, you should be good at working together with your classmates.

　　5.下面的餅狀圖(pie chat)顯示了你對(duì)你校學(xué)生興趣愛(ài)好的調(diào)查結(jié)果。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給English Weekly寫(xiě)一篇短文，報(bào)道你的調(diào)查結(jié)果，并對(duì)此結(jié)果發(fā)表你的看法或建議。字?jǐn)?shù)120詞左右。首句已給出(不計(jì)入詞數(shù))。

　　A recent survey shows what the students of our school like to do in their spare time.

　　In my opinion, our school has made a good decision. This new grading system will certainly help to improve ourselves in all ways.

　　From the pie chat, we can see 53% of the students like sports, so doing sportsis the most popular activity in our school. The second popular activity for students is surfing the Internet and 36 % of the students have interest in it. Only a few students, about 8 percent of them, takereading asa hobby. And even fewer are fond of playing musical instruments.

　　In my point of view, our school should havemore sports facilities builtto satisfy the need ofthe students. Guidance should be given to students on surfing the Internet and ways must be found to arouse students’ interests in reading and music.

　　6.聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織某考察團(tuán)正在我國(guó)某鄉(xiāng)村參觀(guān)考察。假定你是接待人員,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列提示以發(fā)言稿的形式簡(jiǎn)要介紹這個(gè)村的情況：

　　1)大?。航?00戶(hù)人家，約500口人。

　　2)變化：過(guò)去很窮，78年后變化很大。人們生活比以前好多了?，F(xiàn)已舊貌換新顏。

　　3)教育：原來(lái)的學(xué)校很小，現(xiàn)已經(jīng)過(guò)改建。新建的教學(xué)樓有4層，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有學(xué)齡兒童在此免費(fèi)就讀。

　　注意：

　　1)要點(diǎn)齊全，前后連貫。

　　2)詞數(shù)：100-120之間。

　　Ladies and gentlemen,

　　Welcome to our school ! ①This village is a small onewith/which hasnearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. ② However,it has changed a lot since 1978 ③ and has been developing very fast.④ People here live a much better lifethan before . Now it is taking on a new look.

　　In the past, the school here was very small ⑤ and most children couldn’t afford to go to school. ⑥But now it has been rebuilt ⑦ and the newly built teaching building ⑧ which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. ⑨ What’s more,they enjoy free education.

　?、釳ay you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you.

　　寫(xiě)作模板——圖表式作文

　　It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).

　　What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一個(gè)原因). More importantly, …(第二個(gè)原因). Most important of all, …(第三個(gè)原因).

　　From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)).