C

　　Most evenings, before watching late-night comedy or reading emails on his phone, Matt Nicoletti puts on a pair of orange-colored glasses that he bought for S8 on the Internet.

　　"My girlfriend thinks I look ridiculous in them," he said.But Mr.Nicoletti, a 30-year-old consultant in Denver, insists that the glasses, which can block certain wavelengths of light emitted by electronic screens, make it easier to sleep.

　　Studies have shown that such light, especially from the blue part of the spectrum (光譜),inhibits the body's production of melatonin(褪黑激素)，which helps people fall asleep.Options arc growing for blocking blue light, though experts caution that few have been adequately tested for effectiveness and the best solution remains avoiding brightly lit electronics at night.

A Swiss study of 13 teenage boys, published in August in The Journal of Adolescent Health. showed that when the boys wore orange-colored glasses, also known as 'blue blockers' and shown to prevent melatonin, in the evening for a week, they felt "significantly more sleepy" than when they wore clear glasses.The boys looked at their screens, as teenagers tend to do, for at least a few hours on average before going to bed, and were monitored in the lab.

　　Older adults may be less affected by blue light, experts say, but blue light remains a problem for most people, and an earlier study of 20 adults aged 18 to 68 found that those who wore orange-colored glasses for three hours before bed improved their sleep quality considerably relative to a control group that wore yellow-colored lenses, which blocked only ultraviolet(紫外線)light.

　　LEDs used in devices such as smart phones, tablets and televisions tend to emit more blue light than incandescent products(白熾產(chǎn)品).LEDs are also increasingly popular as room lights, but "warm white" bulbs, with less blue, tend to be a better choice than "cool white" for nighttime use.The lighting company Philips also makes a reduced-blue LED bulb, meant to be used妙fore bedtime."In theory, anything that will decrease that blue light exposure at night will be helpful." said Christopher Colwell, a scientist at the UCLA, "I know some gainers who swear by those orange-colored glasses."

　　But orange glasses are not a panacea(萬(wàn)能藥).Dr.Skene said."It isn't just getting rid of the blue and everything's fine," she said.The intensity of light, in addition to color, can affect sleep, she said, and not all brands of orange-colored glasses have undergone enough independent testing for their ability to aid sleep.

　　During the daytime, experts say, exposure to blue light is good.Best of all is sunlight, which contains many different wavelengths of light."That's what our brain knows," said Kenneth P.Wright Jr., director of the sleep and chronobiology(生物鐘學(xué))lab at the University of Colorado, Boulder.

　　A 2013 study he led, published in the journal Current Biology, showed just how different things can be without nighttime lights.After participants had camped in the mountains for a week, their bodies began to prepare for sleep about two hours earlier than normal.

　　Short of cutting out all evening electronics, experts say, it's advisable to use a small screen rather than a large one; dim the screen and keep it as far away from the eyes as possible; and reduce the amount of time spent reading the device.

　　"If you can look at the iPhone for 10 minutes rather than three hours, that makes a lot of difference," Dr.Skene said.

　　63.What does the underlined word "inhibit" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

　　A.prevent B.promote C.project D.process

　　64.Which of the following statements is true?

　　A.The older a person is, the less he or she will be affected by blue light.

　　B.The exposure to the blue light does nothing but harm to the human body.

　　C.Traditional lighting companies are facing a dead end due to backward technology.

　　D.All brands of orange-colored glasses are not reliable for their ability to aid sleep.

　　65.What are the contributing factors of a better night's sleep?

　?、貺imited screen time before bed.

　?、贏 pair of color glasses.

　　③A small-sized screen of electronics.

　?、蹵 place without nighttime lights.

　?、軩evices with LED backlighting.

　　A. ①②③ B. ③④⑤ C. ②③⑤ D. ①③④

　　66.The purpose of this article is to _.

　　A.advertise a brand of orange-colored glasses which can block blue light

　　B.question the effectiveness of orange-colored glasses on the market

　　C.introduce a kind of orange glasses that may help people sleep better

　　D.teach readers about the most effective ways to have a better sleep

　　D

　　On July 12, 1997, Malala Yousafzai was born in Mingora, Pakistan, located in the country's Swat Valley.

　　Yotsafzai attended a school that her father.Ziauddin Yousafzai, had founded.After the Taliban began attacking girl schools in Swat.Malala gave a speech in Peshawar.Pakistan, in September 2008.The title of her talk was, "How dare the Taliban take away my basic right to education?"

　　When she was 14, Malala and her family learned that the Taliban had issued a death threat against her.Though Malala was frightened for the safety of her father一an anti-Taliban activist-she and her family initially felt that the fundamentalist group would not actually harm a child._.·

　　On October 9.2012, on her way home from school, a man boarded the bus Malala was riding in and demanded to know which girl was Malala.When her friends looked toward Malala, her location was given away.The gunman fired at her, hitting Malala in the left side of her head.Two other girls were also injured in the attack.

　　Despite the Taliban's threats, Yousafzai remains a firm advocate for the power of education.On October 10, 2013, in acknowledgment of her work, the European Parliament awarded Yousafzai the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought.That same year, she was nominated (提名) for a Nobel Peace Prize.She didn't win the prize, but was named a nominee again in March 2014.

　　Malala Yousafzai's Speech at the United Nations (Excerpt)

　　Dear brothers and sisters, do remember one thing.Malala Day is not my day.Today is the day of every woman, every boy and every girl who have raised their voice for their rights.There are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers who are not only speaking for human rights. but who are struggling to achieve their goals of education, peace and equality.Thousands of people have been killed by the terrorists and millions have been injured.l am just one of them.

　　…

　　Dear sisters and brothers, now it`s time to speak up.

　　So today,we call upon the world leaders to change their strategic policies in favour of peace and prosperity:

　　We call upon the world leaders that all the peace deals must protect women and children's rights.

　　We call upon all governments to ensure free compulsory education for every child all over the world

　　We call upon all governments to fight against terrorism and violence, to protect children from brutality and harm.

　　We call upon the developed nations to support the expansion of educational opportunities for girls in the developing world.

　　We call upon our sisters around the world to be brave一to embrace (擁抱) the strength within themselves and realise their full potential.

　　67.Which of the following adjectives can best describe Malala according to this passage?

　　A.Independent and knowledgeable. B.Stubborn and trustworthy.

　　C.Courageous and persistent. D.Aggressive and sympathetic.

　　68.Malala was shot for the reason that

　　A.She didn't behave herself on the bus B.She fought against the Taliban

　　C.She appealed for girls' rights to education .D.Her father was an anti-Taliban activist

　　69.What can we infer from Malala's speech at the United Nations?

　　A.Malala Day is an international day for all the boys and girls.

　　B.Many girls in developing countries cannot receive education.

　　C.Many country leaders have changed their policies to protect women and children's rights.

　　D.Human rights activists are people just calling for equal rights for all the people in the world.

　　70.We can learn from the passage that _.

　　A.the Taliban attacked Ziauddin Yousafzai's school for girls

　　B.the Taliban caught Malala's father for his fight against the Taliban

　　C.the Taliban shot Malala in the head on her way to school

　　D.local people lived in the shadow of the Taliban第二卷(共 35分)

　　第一節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀閱讀下列短文并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每空格1詞(共10個(gè)小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)

　　The most common use of intelligence test scores is to predict degree of academic success.Such scores are used in some communities as bases for admitting able children to schools at ages younger than normal, and they are very generally used to determine admissions to schools beyond public secondary school.Another use common in elementary schools involves comparing such scores with performances in various subjects to identify children who are working below capacity.

　　The greatest problem in using intelligence tests for the purpose of prediction is that no dependable criterion of their accuracy exists.The ideal criteria would be objective and reliable achievement tests following instructions in each subject, but there are few such tests, especially at the college level.Studies have shown that correlations(相關(guān)性)between intelligence tests and achievement tests in various subjects through secondary school range roughly from 0.5 to 0.8.Such correlations are fairly high ，but they do not suggest anywhere near complete agreement.

　　At the college level there are two major tests used as criteria of admission.By far the more important is the College Entrance Examination, constructed by the Educational Testing Service authorized by the College Entrance Examination Board.These tests arc returned to the Educational Testing Service for scoring, and the results are then made available to the various colleges authorized by the students to receive them.The second test of this type is the American College Test, which operates in essentially the same fashion.

　　Both tests constitute(組成)measures of certain skills, abilities, and knowledge that have been found to be related to success in college.Their correlations with academic success are limited for three outstanding reasons.First, measures of achievement in college arc themselves perhaps no more reliable than those in elementary and secondary schools.Second, intellectual factors do not alone determine academic success, especially at the college level.Many students drop out of schools because they are inadequately motivated or because they dislike the instructional programme.Third,correlations are lowered because the use of such tests for denying admission to some students means that the range of scores for those admitted is restricted, and such restrictions tend to reduce correlations.

　　第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分25分)

　　請(qǐng)閱讀下面文字.并按要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的文章。

　　When you arc paying upwards of £15,000 a year to have your child privately educated, the big sum of money for extra tuition(學(xué)費(fèi))may not sit well with you.But that is exactly what seems to be happening.An increasing number of parents look to "top-up" their child's already expensive education with a private tutor.

According to managing director Nevil Chiles of Kensington & Chelsea Tutors, the agency's students tend to fall into two groups.There are those who are struggling with a particular subject and benefit from one-to-one tuition.The second group consists of students who are already excellent but whose parents want to ensure they go on to their preferred school or university.

　　"We felt Mica needed help with exam technique and we also realized that she did much better one-to-one than in a classroom," explains Bowman, who contacted Kensington & Chelsea Tutors on the advice of a friend who used them for her sons, including one who was attending Eton."Mica has established a good relationship with her tutors and has gained confidence as a result of the tutoring." adds Bowman.

　　寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容:

　　1.用約30個(gè)單詞概括短文主要內(nèi)容:。

　　2.簡(jiǎn)要分析社會(huì)上私人輔導(dǎo)受歡迎的原因(至少兩條):

　　3.談?wù)勀銓?duì)私人輔導(dǎo)的態(tài)度(支持或反對(duì))，并說(shuō)明原因(至少兩條).

　　寫(xiě)作要求:

　　1.寫(xiě)作過(guò)程中不能直接引用原文語(yǔ)句:

　　2.作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱:

　　3.標(biāo)題已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

　　參考詞匯:私人輔導(dǎo)private tutoring:家庭教師tutor

　　評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):

　　內(nèi)容完整，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，語(yǔ)篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)

　　注意:請(qǐng)將書(shū)面表達(dá)撰寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

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