八年級(jí)英語下unit5知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

　　【拓展】work有三個(gè)意思很容易弄混：

　?、?表示“工作”，是不可數(shù)名詞：

　　He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。

　　work →worker

　　⑵. 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可數(shù)名詞，但多用復(fù)數(shù)：

　　He has read many of Hemingway’s works.

　?、?表示“工廠”，只用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可表示單數(shù)意義：

　　The glass works(=factory) is [are] near the station. 玻璃工 廠在車站附近。

　　【2012曲靖中考】 Mymother is a doctor , and my father is a _________ (work).

　　12. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily againstthe windows.

　　當(dāng)雨點(diǎn)開始重重地打在窗戶上的時(shí)候，本正在幫助他的媽媽做晚飯。

　　【解析1】.beat與win辨析

　　We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我們以2:1贏了他們。

　　Which team won the football match? 哪個(gè)對(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)足球賽?

　　【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上;大量地

　　【拓展】heavy adj. 重的(反) light → heavily adv 猛烈地

　　【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard

　　①It rained ______ (heavy) ,so he didn’t go to work yesterday.

　?、赟ometimes it rains ____ in Xi’an in summer.

　　A.heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly

　　【2012廣西玉林】33. —Peter is _______ than you, right?

　　—Yes, but he is _______runner in our class.

　　A. heavier; best B. heavy; the best

　　C. heavier; the best D. heavy; better

　　【2013黔西南】121. Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhouin summer .

　　A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly

　　【解析3】 against 倚;碰;撞

　　⑴表示“反對(duì)”，其反義詞為 for。若表示“強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)”，一般用副詞 strongly：

　　Are you for or against the plan?

　　你對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)呢?你對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)

　?、票硎疚恢茫鉃?ldquo;靠著”、“頂著”、等：

　　The teacher’s desk is against the wall.

　　老師的辦公桌靠墻放著。

　　He stood leaning against the tree.

　　他站著斜靠在墻上

　　【2013臨沂3】50. Mr. Wang is strongly ____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.

　　A. up B. for C.against D. down

　　【2013青島1】68. I'm ______ building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.

　　A. against B. on C. in D. for

　　13.Ben could not sleep at first. 起初，本睡不著。

　　【解析】 at first 首先;最初

　　【拓展】(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，開始【強(qiáng)調(diào)在時(shí)間順序或做某事過程等開始之時(shí)

　　(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陳述事情的重要性】

　　When you want to work for our country in the future, ____, we should have strong body and rich knowledge.

　　A. at first B. first of all C. for the first time D. after all

　　【山東德州】 We can do a lot to stay healthy.____ , we should eat a balanced(平衡的) diet.

　　A. At a time B. In fact C. First of all D. All together

　　14. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m

　　在大約凌晨三點(diǎn)逐漸減弱的時(shí)候，本終于睡著了。

　　【解析1】 fall asleep 進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng);睡著

　　【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：

　　(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡覺，指睡的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)，

　　(2) get to sleep=fall asleep 入睡，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)

　　(3)go to bed 上床睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡覺的動(dòng)作。

　　【記】 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didn’t go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.

　　( ) — Jim, Where is your sister? — Oh，She is still in bed.

　　A. going to bed B. in her bedroom C. sleeping D. sleepy

　　【2013江蘇泰州】David fell _________(sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.

　　( ) He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.

　　A. sleeping B. fall asleep C. be asleep

　　【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法區(qū)別。

　　⑴fall asleep屬“連系動(dòng)詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)，“入睡;睡著”，指進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，往往含有“不知不覺就睡著了“的意思。asleep在此作表語形容詞。

　　He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

　　他剛要入睡時(shí)，這時(shí)傳來了響亮的敲門聲。

　?、?sleep指睡覺時(shí)的一種狀態(tài)，是一個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。

　　He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.

　　他喜歡在下午睡上一個(gè)小時(shí)。

　?、?go to sleep意為“入睡，睡著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從開始睡到睡著的過程。

　　I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible.

　　我只是想閉上眼睛，盡快地睡上一覺。

　?、萭et to sleep與go to sleep意思相近，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)。

　　She wastoo excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激動(dòng)而不能入睡。

　　⑸go to bed“就寢”，“上床睡覺”，指上床去睡這個(gè)動(dòng)作，與get up相對(duì)應(yīng)。

　　The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening.

　　我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生通常早晨六點(diǎn)起床，晚上九點(diǎn)半睡覺。

　　【解析2】 die down 逐漸變?nèi)?逐漸消失

　　【拓展】die down與die out的用法區(qū)別：

　　指火的熄滅時(shí)，用die down或die out皆可。

　　die down往往指火勢(shì)由強(qiáng)到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過程;

　　die out則指熄滅這一事實(shí)，而且不及die down用的普遍。

　　die down:反映風(fēng)、聲音、憤怒、掌聲、戰(zhàn)斗等平息下來。

　　die out:指家庭、種族、物種、組織、信仰等的消失或消亡。

　　This kind of bird has died out in the world.這種鳥已經(jīng)在世界上滅絕了。

　　15. When he woke up. the sun was rising

　　當(dāng)他醒來的時(shí)候，太陽已經(jīng)升起來了。

　　【解析1】wake up (v+ adv) 醒來;睡醒

　　【2012廣東河源】_____ , Tom! It’s time to get up and go to school.

　　A. Wake up B. Make up C. Grow up D. Look up

　　【2013南京中考】— What’s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired.

　　— I _____ to prepare for the final exam last night.

　　A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up

　　【解析2】rise 增加;提高;增強(qiáng);上升，升起

　　( ) The river ___ two inches this morning.

　　A. rose B. raised C. are getting up D. grow