2018考研英語(yǔ)翻譯題必備句式
2018考研英語(yǔ)翻譯題必備句式
翻譯是考研英語(yǔ)中的固有題型,隨著對(duì)長(zhǎng)難句考察的側(cè)重,近年來(lái)的翻譯題中也出現(xiàn)了越來(lái)越多的長(zhǎng)句子。但只要找準(zhǔn)句式,把結(jié)構(gòu)分析清楚,正確的理解和翻譯就不在話下。以下是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理的2018考研英語(yǔ)翻譯題必備句式,希望能幫到你。
2018考研英語(yǔ)翻譯題必備句式
1. leave sb. the choice of … or … 要么…,要么… (選擇類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.
敵人冷酷無(wú)情/鐵石心腸,我們要么頑強(qiáng)抵抗,要么屈膝投降。
The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor.
年過(guò)三十,要么成婚,要么單身。“
2. be the instrument of sth. 引來(lái)某事物的人或事 (使動(dòng)類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
能夠讓你幸福,我愿意付出我的一切。
If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.
3. it was the memory / memories of 追溯到… (回憶類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development.
追溯到1964年?yáng)|京及1988年漢城舉辦的奧運(yùn)會(huì),可能分別被視為日韓兩國(guó)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。
It was the memory of 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from the attacks of atomic bomb, from which originated the term of “Zero Ground”.
追溯到1945年廣島和長(zhǎng)崎遭受原子彈攻擊,從而形成了“零地帶”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。
4. on the premise / ground / prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / presuposition that 基于一個(gè)前提… (假設(shè)類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
中國(guó)政府在宣布實(shí)行和平統(tǒng)一的方針時(shí),是基于一個(gè)前提,即當(dāng)時(shí)的臺(tái)灣當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持世界上只有一個(gè)中國(guó),臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分。
The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall.
對(duì)投資者的建議是以利率會(huì)繼續(xù)下跌為根據(jù)的。
5. be bound to 必定…;一定… (意愿類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
西部大開(kāi)發(fā)一定能成為溝通世界各國(guó)和中國(guó)的一座橋梁,促進(jìn)中國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展,共同繁榮。
The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large.
Just wars are bound to triumph over wars of aggression.
正義戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)必然要戰(zhàn)勝侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
6. a matter of sth./doing sth. 與…有關(guān)的情況或問(wèn)題 (描述類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. “Eventually, being 'poor' won't be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”
請(qǐng)思考一下同一個(gè)人現(xiàn)在及八年前說(shuō)的話。“說(shuō)到底,‘貧窮’與其說(shuō)是生活在貧窮的國(guó)家里,還不如說(shuō)是技藝不精。”
Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience.
處理這些問(wèn)題全憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
7. This is the similar case with/when 這恰如;正如;也會(huì) (比較類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
這恰如我們雖然看不懂莫扎特樂(lè)曲的總譜,卻照樣能同它的主旋律產(chǎn)生共鳴,擊節(jié)稱(chēng)贊。
This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart's musical pieces.
除此以外,老百姓的服務(wù)性消費(fèi),如教育,信息,旅游等消費(fèi)也會(huì)大量增長(zhǎng)。
Besides, this is also the case with the citizen's expenditure such as education, information, traveling.
8. be exemplified by 這一點(diǎn)也證明了…;這點(diǎn)反映在以下事實(shí):… (舉例類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.
如果父母在事故中喪生,人們總是晚些時(shí)候才告訴孩子們,這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了美國(guó)人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開(kāi)的愿望。(美國(guó)人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限,這一愿望還反映在以下事實(shí):如果父母在事故中喪生,人們總是設(shè)法晚點(diǎn)將消息告訴他們的子女。)
9. constitute… (不用于進(jìn)行式)是;認(rèn)為 (判斷類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
歷史說(shuō)明,中美之間建立在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上的勞動(dòng)分工是最為合理和實(shí)用的國(guó)際關(guān)系。
History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship.
My decision does not constitute a precedent.
我的決定不應(yīng)視為先例。
The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy.
這一失敗是我們外交上的一次較大的挫折。
10. witness… 見(jiàn)證… (發(fā)生類(lèi)經(jīng)典句)
a time or event witnesses sth./sb. in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.
經(jīng)過(guò)二十多年的快速發(fā)展,中國(guó)西部地區(qū)已奠定了一定的物質(zhì)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ),社會(huì)保持穩(wěn)定,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制正在逐步建立和完善,為西部經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造了有利的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。
The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China.
在下一輪的會(huì)談中,我們將宣布中東地區(qū)永久停火協(xié)議,對(duì)此我抱有樂(lè)觀態(tài)度并充滿希望。
I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.
2018考研英語(yǔ)翻譯答題技巧
非英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)研究生考試中的英譯漢是在一篇近400詞的文章中用下劃線標(biāo)出5個(gè)長(zhǎng)句,要求考生用精確地道的漢語(yǔ)進(jìn)行翻譯。從詞匯和句法的要求上看,詞匯要根據(jù)上下文的段落內(nèi)容確定詞性和詞義,主觀臆斷容易造成幼稚的理解;而復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)難句仍然是考生面對(duì)的最大障礙,考生需要具備較強(qiáng)的從句句法知識(shí),迅速拆分長(zhǎng)句,確定主謂賓,再將定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句、平行結(jié)構(gòu)、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞、代詞指代、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、特殊句型、詞組一一擊破。漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的流暢性、準(zhǔn)確性和靈活性也是得分的關(guān)鍵。
翻譯過(guò)程中包括兩個(gè)階段:正確理解和充分表達(dá)。理解是表達(dá)的前提,而表達(dá)是理解的目的和結(jié)果,二者缺一不可,因此,考生在做英譯漢部分試題時(shí):
1、切記不可急躁,一定要先通讀全文,把握全文的主旨、內(nèi)容,把握劃線部分的語(yǔ)境;
2、在著重理解劃線部分時(shí),首先要在語(yǔ)義上理清全句的整體意思和每個(gè)單詞的意思;其次要分析清楚句子結(jié)構(gòu),理出句群,找出各分句之間的關(guān)系;
3、可考慮先打一份翻譯草稿,再根據(jù)文章意義和漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
由于英語(yǔ)中一詞多義的現(xiàn)象十分普遍,且英漢詞典中給出的漢語(yǔ)解釋未必全面,未必與英文的意思完全對(duì)等,這就給我們帶來(lái)兩方面的問(wèn)題:
其一,我們需要根據(jù)該多義詞在其語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中的詞類(lèi)、搭配關(guān)系甚至是單復(fù)數(shù)形式來(lái)確定其基本意思;
其二,在"忠實(shí)"的原則下,如果詞典上的釋義顯得不"通順",那么為了"忠實(shí)"與"通順"的統(tǒng)一,我們必須立足于原意,對(duì)其加以適當(dāng)?shù)囊辍?/p>
選擇詞義的時(shí)候,要根據(jù)詞在句中的詞類(lèi)及上下文的搭配關(guān)系來(lái)確定。
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