美國(guó)博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)2023年
美國(guó)博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)2023年范本
美國(guó)還是世界文化交匯之地，讓你能夠有機(jī)會(huì)見(jiàn)識(shí)來(lái)自世界各地不同地區(qū)的文化，準(zhǔn)備去留學(xué)的小伙伴準(zhǔn)備好美國(guó)留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)了嗎?下面就是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的美國(guó)博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)2021年范本，希望能幫助到大家!
美國(guó)博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)書(shū)2021年
Dear _,
I am planning to pursue graduate studies towards a Ph.D. degree at your school of engineering starting from the fall of 1999.
My interest in the building structure can be traced back to my success in high school years, when I excelled my fellow classmates in physics and geometry. This not only fired off my interest in structural design but also helped to lay solid groundwork for my undergraduate studies in civil engineering, which heavily involved mechanics in physics and solid geometry.
With excellent scores in the compulsory national university entrance examination, I won acceptance in 1991 into the Beijing Polytech University, one of China’s top 10 engineering schools, particularly well-known for its structural engineering. For five years at this university, I received strict and thorough training in areas such as building structures, building materials. Soil mechanics and foundation, concrete and masonry structures, construction, steel structure and earthquake resistant structure. I also took every opportunity to participate in co-po work and projects commissioned by construction and design companies.
Opportunities abound for civil engineers and civil engineering students in China, which now houses the world’s fastest growing major economy. At every year’s job fair held on the campus of the Polytech University, more than 200 positions compete for 60-odd graduating students. Under such circumstances, undergraduate students in their fifth year are also in high demand for internship at various construction companies and design institutes. Virtually every student gets a full workload immediately upon starting the internship and assumes considerable responsibilities soon afterwards
I became the luckiest among the lucky by winning a rare opportunity for any civil engineer: to participate in the design of the Beijing Western Railway Station, the largest urban structure in China up to date. This happened while I interned, along with five other schoolmates, at the Beijing Architectural Institute. This institute has designed virtually all the modern landmark buildings in China, including the famous Great Hall of the People and the Museum of Revolutionary History on the Tiananmen Square, the Beijing Railway Station and the Asian Games Village. It was on the strength of my academic merits that I got to enjoy these opportunities.
The Western station project in Beijing consisted of the mail hall (70,000 square meters), south wing building group (40,000 square meters) and north wing building group (35,000 square meters). My task was to assist in the design of a shopping centre in the south wing which had 16,000 square meters. I independently accomplished a quarter of the design for the whole building, mainly responsible for the foundation design, calculation and drawing of steel distribution of beam, floor, columns and concrete piles. I cherished this opportunity to apply the knowledge I had learned in the classroom to the real world problems and I worked with my utmost dedication.
I, however, soon found out that, even in this monumental project, design techniques applied in many cases left much to be desired. When treating the wind load, the earthquake force and the effect of frozen soil, historical data and intelligent estimates were used in place of accurate measuring. This phenomenon made me determined to improve my knowledge and skills in a graduate program that can teach sophisticated know-how, such as yours.
It regrettably turned out that the design of the mail hall was seriously flawed, which drew intense media attention nationwide. The structure sank two meters after completion. As experts continue to help the court determine who is responsible, I myself have been awed by this drama and kept researching it ever since it became known.
My tentative explanation, submitted to take into account the underground water’s power of buoyancy, even though the structure base was put below the waterbed. The structure floated until enough load was mounted. The proper construction method therefore should have involved artificial precipitation until the completion of structure.
Upon graduation in 1996, I joined the Beijing Biggest Co., one of the four largest construction companies in China, and immediately took on management duties as an assistant manger at the construction site. I have supervised steel engineering, concrete engineering and platform engineering for there twenty-three story buildings in the Beijing DD residential area, a total of 60,000 square meters in apartments. In this capacity, I was compelled to learn management skills which had never been taught in the classroom. Although construction management is not what I foresee to be a lifetime pursuit, I executed my duty meticulously and creatively. I became the first construction site manager in the company to conduct experiments comparing box-weir maintenance and the traditional manual watering method. By using box-weir method, weak concrete and cracks in the concrete were eliminated. Through these important, albeit small, steps of improvement, I have derived immense satisfaction.
My vigorous academic training and exposure to intricate design problems and complex construction management issues has stood me in good stead professionally compared to my peers. My plan to further my career through advanced studies stems from self-confidence in my academic calibre and also a strong desire to solve design and construction problems encountered at work. I have researched your program based on the materials I have available to me and decided that advanced studies under your seasoned guidance will be a shortcut for me to reach my goal. I request that you give my application for admission and financial support favourable consideration.
Yours sincerely,
xuexila.com/shenqing
美國(guó)留學(xué)博士生申請(qǐng)條件
一、美國(guó)留學(xué)博士生申請(qǐng)條件
1、學(xué)位
凡是擁有大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位、碩士學(xué)位學(xué)生都可申請(qǐng)美國(guó)大學(xué)博士。在這里需要大家注意：如果是本科生直接申請(qǐng)博士，對(duì)申請(qǐng)人要求會(huì)比較嚴(yán)格。申請(qǐng)者必須有足夠研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)和背景并且在專(zhuān)業(yè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)有出色表現(xiàn)，并完成碩士階段多門(mén)課程學(xué)習(xí)，也就是我們通常所說(shuō)具有同等學(xué)力。同樣，碩士申請(qǐng)博士，也同樣要求有研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)和專(zhuān)業(yè)著述。
2、GPA
申請(qǐng)美國(guó)博士具體看申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè)要求，一般GPA最低要在3.0以上，想申請(qǐng)到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金話，GPA需要在3.5以上。
3、語(yǔ)言成績(jī)
TOEFL：100分以上，才比較保險(xiǎn)。GMAT考試用于申請(qǐng)美國(guó)商學(xué)院，LSAT考試用于申請(qǐng)美國(guó)法學(xué)院J.D.學(xué)位，MCAT考試用于申請(qǐng)美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)院，每所學(xué)院對(duì)學(xué)生成績(jī)要求各不相同，不過(guò)學(xué)生成績(jī)需要超過(guò)最低錄取分?jǐn)?shù)線10分以上才比較保險(xiǎn)。
4、具備高水平研究能力
美國(guó)大學(xué)希望將博士生培養(yǎng)成為在研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)最頂尖、最前沿人才，所以申請(qǐng)者必須要具備很強(qiáng)、獨(dú)立自主科研能力。
5、文書(shū)及套磁
對(duì)于博士生來(lái)說(shuō)，關(guān)鍵還是導(dǎo)師愿意帶，所以只要套到導(dǎo)師，也就事半功倍。
二、美國(guó)博士生要求
1、有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的GPA
美國(guó)博士的錄取對(duì)于GPA要求甚高，大部分的學(xué)校會(huì)寫(xiě)要求3.5以上，但是真正錄取起來(lái)很多都是3.8或者3.9的分?jǐn)?shù)了。學(xué)校之所以看重平均分，因?yàn)槠骄质亲钪庇^的反應(yīng)學(xué)生在上學(xué)期間的學(xué)習(xí)能力和學(xué)術(shù)能力的，并且以量化的成果展現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。
2、明確的學(xué)術(shù)目標(biāo)
因?yàn)槊绹?guó)的專(zhuān)業(yè)細(xì)分是非常多的，博士尤其如此。就算是同一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)名稱(chēng)，但是細(xì)分方向如果選的不準(zhǔn)或者和目標(biāo)院校及教授并不匹配，也是很難拿到理想的錄取的。
3、清晰的目標(biāo)分析
不管是選教授進(jìn)行套磁，還是選學(xué)校，首先要做的一件事就是知道自己的優(yōu)劣勢(shì)，也知道對(duì)方想要什么樣的學(xué)生，衡量自己是否滿足學(xué)校的錄取要求，如果還有一些沒(méi)有達(dá)到，要通過(guò)什么樣的途徑，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間來(lái)完成。博士的申請(qǐng)十分復(fù)雜，需要同學(xué)們盡可能多的提前做準(zhǔn)備和規(guī)劃。
4、足夠的托福分?jǐn)?shù)
基本上90%以上的博士錄取要求托福都在托福100分以上，申請(qǐng)國(guó)外大學(xué)博士條件這也是學(xué)校的硬性要求之一。當(dāng)然也有出現(xiàn)過(guò)不足托福100就拿到全獎(jiǎng)錄取的，這也說(shuō)明有其他方面非常有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的表現(xiàn)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)。
5、優(yōu)秀的學(xué)術(shù)經(jīng)歷
相對(duì)碩士的申請(qǐng)，博士是更為看重學(xué)生在之前的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)的，包括但是不限于發(fā)表過(guò)的論文，參與過(guò)的科研競(jìng)賽，參與過(guò)的項(xiàng)目/課題，完成過(guò)的大作業(yè)，和學(xué)術(shù)相關(guān)的實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)歷等等。美國(guó)讀博士條件中的科研經(jīng)歷是占據(jù)非常重要篇幅的，也是在套磁中讓教授印象深刻和提高匹配度的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
三、美國(guó)留學(xué)碩士讀幾年
由于研究生在選課方面有很大的自主權(quán)，美國(guó)的年級(jí)和班級(jí)的概念也都不明顯。而且很多時(shí)候上的每一門(mén)課，同學(xué)都不完全一樣，大家入學(xué)的年份也各不相同。既有剛剛?cè)雽W(xué)的新生，也有讀了三四年的。即使是同一年入學(xué)的研究生，由于各學(xué)期選課數(shù)量和科目不同，畢業(yè)時(shí)間也往往各不相同，這和國(guó)內(nèi)的情況很不一樣。
從理論上說(shuō)，美國(guó)的全日制研究生如果每學(xué)期選修3至4門(mén)課程，可以在2至3年內(nèi)獲得碩士學(xué)位，在職研究生的話，學(xué)習(xí)年限會(huì)再長(zhǎng)一些。但是實(shí)際的情況可能要復(fù)雜得多。
一方面，美國(guó)研究生的課程要求較高，不容易過(guò)關(guān)，而且一旦選定就不能隨意退課。所以為了保險(xiǎn)起見(jiàn)，很多研究生往往會(huì)自覺(jué)延長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)年限。另一方面，研究生院為了保證培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量，也不鼓勵(lì)研究生在一學(xué)期中選修過(guò)多課程。因此，經(jīng)過(guò)好幾年才獲得碩士學(xué)位的人也不在少數(shù)。
在美國(guó)，碩士學(xué)位其實(shí)算是一種過(guò)渡性學(xué)位，只有那些對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)具有特別的偏好或是立志將來(lái)攻讀博士的學(xué)生才會(huì)選擇做一篇正經(jīng)八百的畢業(yè)論文。更多的人會(huì)偏重于職業(yè)技能的訓(xùn)練，為的是將來(lái)成為工程師、醫(yī)生、律師或管理人員等。這些人往往不選擇做畢業(yè)論文，而是通過(guò)選課或?qū)嵙?xí)的方式來(lái)修滿學(xué)分。
當(dāng)然，這并不是說(shuō)美國(guó)研究生沒(méi)有論文寫(xiě)作的訓(xùn)練，往往這種訓(xùn)練包含在了日常學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中。許多課程都以一篇論文來(lái)結(jié)課，有些課程不僅期中、期末要求交論文，平時(shí)的作業(yè)也常常是一些小型論文。
美國(guó)留學(xué)面試主要考察什么
1、考察你材料的真實(shí)性
近年來(lái)由于留學(xué)生申請(qǐng)人數(shù)與日俱增，申請(qǐng)材料作假的事情我們已經(jīng)屢見(jiàn)不鮮，前不久UCI在秋季開(kāi)學(xué)之時(shí)就取消了500名學(xué)生的入學(xué)資格，其中有290名學(xué)生涉嫌成績(jī)作假。
所以高校在入學(xué)前會(huì)給留學(xué)生們?cè)O(shè)置最后這樣一道“門(mén)檻”，招生官通過(guò)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)檢驗(yàn)?zāi)闼峁┎牧系囊恢滦院驼鎸?shí)性。
2、考察你的溝通能力
很多面試官都發(fā)現(xiàn)，國(guó)內(nèi)的學(xué)生往往擁有比較高的TOFEL成績(jī)，但是難以擺脫Chinglish的思維，表達(dá)方面存在一定的欠缺。
3、考察你和學(xué)校的match度
在講座中，導(dǎo)師把面試比喻成了一場(chǎng)“相親”，“在面試過(guò)程中我們都是以基礎(chǔ)的問(wèn)題開(kāi)始，隨后就是自然而然的交流過(guò)程，這個(gè)過(guò)程就是我們彼此互相了解的過(guò)程，而在這個(gè)過(guò)程中我們就能判斷彼此之間有沒(méi)有緣分?！逼鋵?shí)面試的意義之一，就是學(xué)校通過(guò)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)看學(xué)生和我們是否匹配。
4、考察你的獨(dú)特性
在信息發(fā)達(dá)的今天，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上隨便都能找到各種各樣的面試模板，并且有很多留學(xué)生會(huì)根據(jù)通過(guò)面試學(xué)生的情況去刻意的“模仿”，于是每個(gè)人的課外活動(dòng)背景和回答內(nèi)容千篇一律，招生官在抉擇的時(shí)候就變得尤其困難，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)孩子都差不多。
于是在招生過(guò)程中我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)所有申請(qǐng)者沒(méi)有什么較大的差異，然而我們最后選擇的往往是那個(gè)和別人不一樣的申請(qǐng)者。在我看來(lái)，最重要的是你是否有自我認(rèn)知的能力，以及對(duì)社會(huì)，國(guó)家，世界奉獻(xiàn)的愿景。
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