出國讀博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)文書
人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪兴f的考上了博士，讀博士等，正是指博士研究生。出國留學(xué)讀博士怎么寫申請(qǐng)書呢?下面就是小編給大家?guī)淼某鰢x博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)文書范本，希望能幫助到大家!
出國讀博士留學(xué)申請(qǐng)文書
Dear _,
I have always enjoyed studying Maths, Physics and Chemistry, and I would like the opportunity to continue this study. Chemical Engineering appeals to me because of the challenges involved in the application of scientific theory to practical, real world problems such as how to deal with nuclear waste. I particularly look forward to studying fluid dynamics as I was introduced to this during the Engineering Education Scheme (EES). I am aware that in today’s world chemical engineering has an increasingly important role across a wide range of industries from pharmaceuticals to petrochemicals. The broad range of career paths, and the opportunity to contribute to society through technological innovation, is for me, one of the main attractions of chemical engineering.
I have applied to take part in the Year In Industry scheme during which I hope to gain practical experience, as well as greater maturity enabling me to go into my degree course with improved skills and broader experience. I also hope to study e-learning courses on project management and presentation skills run by the IChemE. In Year 12 I took part in the EES, which improved my understanding and skills in team working, time management, and report writing, as well as visual and oral presentation. Throughout the course of the project the team had to frequently correspond with mentors in industry and academia and this experience has broadened my appreciation of practice and application in a real life situation. In July I attended a week-long ‘Into Engineering’ seminar run by REACT Engineering. Working in two teams, we were given a design exercise based upon a typical decommissioning project. I also attended a Headstart course at Newcastle University, which I thoroughly enjoyed. One of the main activities was to design, manufacture and test a small crane. I found both of these experiences very challenging, as we were given only limited time so we had to prioritise our tasks and carefully plan our work.This year a fellow student and I were awarded ￡500 by the European Scholarship Prize to fund a visit to Prague to do research for our A-level History coursework. I gained an understanding of the city’s culture and history and further developed my independence. During the summer I represented my school on a Connexions review of a government white paper on 14-19 education. I gained an insight into the government’s proposals and learned a lot about working with different groups of people. Last year I was part of the editorial team for the school magazine. I wrote a number of articles and I was responsible for ensuring that staff contributions were ready for the deadline. I also enjoy participating in a range of sports and have represented the school at football and cricket, which has further enhanced my team working skills.In my spare time I am working towards my Duke of Edinburgh Gold Award. In September I completed a 4-day expedition in the Lake District, which tested my endurance but gave me a great sense of achievement. As part of the award I have been helping at the local youth café once a week, which I am really enjoying as it gives me the chance to meet new people. I also enjoy reading, particularly books on physics and Russian history. I am really interested in computers and I am currently trying to configure a Linux based file and print server for my home network.
For admission to a university in England you have to fill in a form from the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS). They for a very reasonable fee provide all applicants to unversities and colleges in the UK with a way to apply to up to 6 universities (or multiple courses at, say 3 universities). Part of the form (apart from all the obvious details such as name and address), is half a page where you are asked to write about yourself, your interests and so on. Inevitably you have to make it sound as good as possible, as you're trying to sell yourself to the universities you're applying to...I applied to the universities of Aston, Bath, Bristol, Cambridge, Imperial College London, and Loughborough. All for an MEng (Master of Engineering degree) in Chemical Engineering, except for Bristol where I went for an MEng in Computer Science, so this is tailored towards those courses. Anyway... Here it is. I don't guarantee that you won't get bored! ;-). (NB this was written in the summer of 1999, and is therefore not too current!).Reasons for Course Choice
Since beginning secondary school, I've been very interested in Chemistry and Computing. Besides my normal schoolwork I've read around these two subjects. Because I am also very keen on Mathematics and Physics, I want to pursue a degree course that combines all or most of these. Both of my parents are Science/Engineering graduates and they have taught me some of the qualities needed for a degree course in this field. This has encouraged me to find out about the opportunities available. Aims
I have applied to several firms for sponsorship while at university and during a gap year, with the intention of getting Engineering-related work experience. This would give me valuable experience for the course at university. I hope to obtain a Master of Engineering degree and become employed in research and development in the oil or food industry. Eventually, I would like to do postgraduate study, and perhaps even teach Chemistry/Engineering. Interests
I play basketball, tennis, volleyball, and I like kayaking. By far my biggest sports interest, however, is orienteering. I've won several trophies for Andalusian and league championships, and I've helped to organise regional orienteering events. I have also designed the database system for my club. My greatest interest outside school is computing. I have done a large amount of web design. I help maintain the computer systems at my father's workplace; and I also do some part time work teaching people on a one-to-one basis how to use their computers. I like writing manuals or "notes" on things related to computers, and have published an article on web design in a small US computer magazine. I have written papers on the use of data-logging and other equipment for my school's science department. This year, I was responsible for laying out my school's entire yearbook using DTP software. Recently, I was employed developing a web site and training staff for an organisation in London. When I have time I play the keyboard, and also do some sound engineering: I used to operate the mixing desk at my local church, as well as help at my parents' workplace, which is a professional recording studio. I enjoy teaching and have given weekly tuition in Maths and English. General Points
I've lived in Spain for 14 years and am fluent in Spanish. In addition, my parents work with North Africans, Middle Easterners, Americans, Spaniards, Britons, and people of other nationalities. I have gained valuable experience growing up with many different cultures around me, and as a result appreciate the difficulties of cross-cultural communication. I have been part of several "King's Kids", teams which perform music and dance all over Spain. This entailed travelling away from home for 3 weeks at a time, and having to work with around 60 other people. I think that this has made me a fairly rounded person, and I therefore feel confident about "fitting in" with people from any culture.
Yours sincerely,
xuexila.com/shenqing
怎樣申請(qǐng)芬蘭博士留學(xué)
一、博士分類
芬蘭高校內(nèi)的博士主要可以分為Internal PhD和External PhD兩大類，前者會(huì)有專門的教授指導(dǎo)，并且研究方向和選題是指定的，而后者會(huì)有更高的自主性。
Internal PhD每個(gè)月都會(huì)領(lǐng)到一筆薪水，其本質(zhì)上和上班族沒有差別，而且工資會(huì)逐年上漲，一般到最后一年每個(gè)月可以領(lǐng)到1.5萬左右的工資。
External PhD則需要大家自行確定研究題目，然后尋求教授的指導(dǎo)，如果沒有空缺，那么就只能從助教和助力做起，薪水會(huì)比較低。
二、入學(xué)要求
博士是全年開放申請(qǐng)的，大家可以隨時(shí)提出申請(qǐng)，而且由于申請(qǐng)比較分散，而且人數(shù)相對(duì)較少，審核也不需要花很長的時(shí)間，大家最遲一個(gè)月就可以收到最終的結(jié)果。
而對(duì)學(xué)生的要求，也不再局限在分?jǐn)?shù)和學(xué)歷之間，而是需要大家出示自己的實(shí)際成果，一般需要大家遞交自己的學(xué)術(shù)論文、研究成果，以及語言水平的證書。
三、英語授課
博士階段的授課，除了個(gè)別專門的語言學(xué)專業(yè)都是采用的英語，而且為了保障國際化的水平，平時(shí)的交流也多使用英語，這樣大家基本上就不用擔(dān)心多學(xué)一門語言的問題了。
但同樣的，這就會(huì)對(duì)大家的英語水平要求比較高，尤其是口語方面，因?yàn)榇蠹倚枰l繁的與同學(xué)和教授打交道，如果不能夠很好的表達(dá)自己的意思或者理解他人的意思，會(huì)造成不小的麻煩。
四、雇傭制度
大家最后要確定的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是，芬蘭的博士留學(xué)，其實(shí)更相當(dāng)于學(xué)校和學(xué)生之間的雇傭，即大家通過參加學(xué)校組織的各項(xiàng)研究或者實(shí)驗(yàn)，獲取勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬。
芬蘭碩士博士留學(xué)一年費(fèi)用參考
一、學(xué)雜費(fèi)
1.碩士
芬蘭的高等院校有公立和私立的區(qū)分，公立的院校是免學(xué)費(fèi)的，私立院校的學(xué)費(fèi)收取按專業(yè)來進(jìn)行收費(fèi)，目前的行情是一年5-10萬，非歐盟的學(xué)生可以需要多加10%左右的費(fèi)用。
而大部分專業(yè)的碩士學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)長一般都是兩年，所以大家為留學(xué)準(zhǔn)備的學(xué)費(fèi)大概20萬也就足夠了，這在英美等國，連交一年的學(xué)費(fèi)可能都不夠。
2.博士
博士階段的學(xué)習(xí)，嚴(yán)格意義上來說，其實(shí)已經(jīng)不能夠算是留學(xué)了，而是工作性質(zhì)的，大家雖然需要交學(xué)費(fèi)，但是同樣也可以拿工資，如果參加的項(xiàng)目含金量高，那么基本上可以抵消學(xué)費(fèi)。
二、生活費(fèi)
1.住宿
住學(xué)生公寓的話，一般一個(gè)月需要900-2000元之間，自己租公寓一個(gè)月則需要2000-5000元;還可以選擇租房于他人進(jìn)行合租，這樣一個(gè)月1500-3000元基本上就足夠了。
2.餐飲
一天的三頓飯一般會(huì)選擇自己做或者去食堂吃，大部分情況下是進(jìn)行混搭的，不過大家需要適應(yīng)芬蘭的餐飲習(xí)慣，如果是出去吃，大部分情況下是沙拉、漢堡之類，一個(gè)月需要1500-2500元。
3.交通
而往返于學(xué)校，如果距離較近的話，可選擇騎自行車，如果距離比較遠(yuǎn)，而且大家平時(shí)喜歡出門逛街的話，可以辦交通卡，基本上一個(gè)月600元就夠了。
4.購物
最后就是購物的開銷，這部分包括日用品和服飾鞋包兩大類，平均每個(gè)月需要準(zhǔn)備2000元左右，而如果大家有比較大項(xiàng)的開支，則需要額外做準(zhǔn)備。
奧地利留學(xué)博士申請(qǐng)要求介紹
一、教學(xué)體制
博士的培養(yǎng)采用的是高度機(jī)構(gòu)化的方式，教學(xué)采用的是上課和授課結(jié)合的方式，理論的學(xué)習(xí)是接受教授的課程，實(shí)踐階段則需要給學(xué)生進(jìn)行上課。
一年的學(xué)習(xí)分為兩個(gè)階段，夏季學(xué)期從三月開始到七月結(jié)束，冬季學(xué)期從十月開始到一月結(jié)束，博士的學(xué)習(xí)一般都是四年，大家需要安排好時(shí)間。
二、留學(xué)費(fèi)用
博士嚴(yán)格意義上，屬于半工半讀的學(xué)習(xí)階段，而且是學(xué)校安排的學(xué)習(xí)模式，所以在奧地利，大家既需要交學(xué)費(fèi)，又可以拿工資，這兩項(xiàng)相抵消，基本上就花不了多少錢了。
此外大家還有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金可以申請(qǐng)，獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金一般都是需要大家出示自己的研究成果，或者需要參加相應(yīng)的研究項(xiàng)目，領(lǐng)取正規(guī)單位發(fā)放的資助和經(jīng)費(fèi)。
三、申請(qǐng)要求
需要大家取得相應(yīng)專業(yè)的碩士學(xué)位，然后出示自己在碩士階段的成績單和學(xué)術(shù)研究成果，這里學(xué)術(shù)論文和實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，都可以成為大家的佐證材料。
而語言的準(zhǔn)備，根據(jù)大家申請(qǐng)的專業(yè)有不同，英語和德語是主要的授課語言，大家需要達(dá)到不錯(cuò)的語言水平，至少英語IELTS分以上，德語TestDaF要在四級(jí)以上。
四、申請(qǐng)流程
大家要先向?qū)W校遞交申請(qǐng)，需要準(zhǔn)備好學(xué)術(shù)和語言的材料，然后在等待期間，還需要和教授進(jìn)行聯(lián)系，確定下自己的研究方向和課題，這樣入學(xué)后可以直接開始。
步驟總結(jié)為兩部，申請(qǐng)學(xué)校和聯(lián)系教授，其中尤以后者更為重要，因?yàn)槟軌蛑苯佑绊懙缴暾?qǐng)的結(jié)果。
擴(kuò)展閱讀：留學(xué)奧地利熱門專業(yè)
奧地利在機(jī)械制造、化工、電子、柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、冶金、造紙、鐵路交通和開鑿隧道、環(huán)保、空中索道、林業(yè)和木材加工、小型水利發(fā)電、廢物處理和資源再生利用、醫(yī)學(xué)自動(dòng)化控制、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)等方面，均處于世界水平，音樂和繪畫藝術(shù)更是有口皆碑。
奧地利的職業(yè)教育，特別是旅游和飯店管理的盛名可與瑞士相媲美，在世界五的飯店的高層管理人員中有不少是他們的畢業(yè)生。
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