新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)
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新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(一)
重要短語和句型
1. arrive at 到達(dá)(小地方) arrive in到達(dá)(大地方)
reach 到達(dá) get to 到達(dá)
I arrived in Beijing last night . === I reached Beijing last night .
== I got to Beijing last night .
如果賓語是副詞here, there, home, 要把a(bǔ)t \ in \ to省略:
arrive here \ there \ home
get here \ there \ home
2. in front of… 在 …… 的前面 (某一范圍外的前面)
in the front of … 在 …… 的前面(某一范圍內(nèi)的前面)
There are some big trees in front of the classroom building .
I like sitting in the front of the taxi .
3. take off (1)起飛 When did the plane take off yesterday ?
(2) 脫下(衣帽等) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room .
(3) 取消 They will take off the 5 am train .
4. get out (of ) … 從……離開\出去\下來
He tried to get out of bed , but couldn’t .
A car stopped and a girl got out of it .
但從汽車\火車\船\飛機(jī)\馬匹上下來, 用get off … .
5.follow (1) 跟隨 I followed him up the hill . 我跟著他上了山.
(2) 沿著……前進(jìn) Follow this road until you get to the post office .
順著這條路一直到郵局.
(3) 聽懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly ? I can’t follow you .
(4 )follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
Please follow me to read the story .
6. amazing 形容詞,修飾名詞 令人驚奇的, 令人驚訝的 what an amazing book !
amaze 動(dòng)詞 使某人驚訝 Your letter amazed me .
be amazed at … 對(duì)…… 感到驚訝 Everyone was amazed at the bad news .
7. shout at 大聲喊叫 多指因生氣而非善意的大聲叫喊
Don’t shout at the little boy . He is too young .
shout to 大聲喊叫 多指因距離遠(yuǎn)而不得不大聲叫喊
We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us .
8. happen 發(fā)生 具體事件偶然的沒有預(yù)見的發(fā)生
(1 ) happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事
I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday .
(2 ) sth happens to sb. 某人發(fā)生了某事
An car accident happened to him last month .上個(gè)月他發(fā)生了交通事故.
take place發(fā)生 (1) 按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生
Great changes have taken place in China in recent years .
最近幾年中國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化.
(2 ) (運(yùn)動(dòng)\ 活動(dòng)\會(huì)議等) 舉行
The meeting will take place next Friday .
take the place of 代替, 取代
Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal .
塑料有時(shí)能代替木材和金屬.
take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的職務(wù).
Come to take my place . my seat is near the window .
9. anywhere 任何地方 常用于否定句或疑問句中.
Did you go anywhere last night ? You can’t get it anywhere .
somewhere 某個(gè)地方 用于肯定句
come and see me . Then we’ll go out somewhere .
everywhere 處處, 到處 === here and there
I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere\ here and there .
10. silence 名詞, 寂靜 \ 無聲
There’s nothing but silence in the room . 屋內(nèi)寂靜無聲 .
Keep in silence . 保持沉默.
silent 形容詞, 沉默的, 寂靜的
The old house was quite silent . 這所老房子寂靜無聲.
The cat moved on silent feet . 那只貓無聲地走動(dòng)著.
11. hear 聽到 Can you hear someone knocking at the door ?
(1) hear of 聽說 , 后接表示人或物的詞
I have never heard of him before . 我以前從來沒有聽說過他.
( 2 ) hear about 聽說, 后接表示事件的名詞
I’ve just heard about his illness .我剛剛聽說他生病的事.
Have you heard about the accident ? 你聽說了那場(chǎng)事故嗎?
(3 ) hear from 收到某人的來信
I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday .
我昨天收到在紐約的女兒的來信.
12. 主語 + be + one of the + 形容詞最高級(jí) + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + in \ of 短語 .
…… 是……中最……的……之一.
This was one of the most important events in modern American history .
這是美國(guó)歷史上最重要的事件之一.
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in china .
13. experience (1)名詞 經(jīng)驗(yàn), 不可數(shù)名詞 ; 經(jīng)歷, 體驗(yàn), 可數(shù)名詞
Have you had any experience of fishing ? 你有釣魚的經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎?
Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa ?
你能給我們談?wù)勀阍诜侵薜慕?jīng)歷嗎?
(2) 動(dòng)詞 經(jīng)歷, 感覺
The children experienced many difficulties this time .
這次孩子們經(jīng)歷了許多 困難.
experienced 形容詞 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的
be experienced in \at doing sth. == have much experience in \ at doing sth.
做某事很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).
She is an experienced teacher .他是一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師.
He is very experienced in \at repairing cars . 他修車很有經(jīng)驗(yàn).
14. as … as … 和…… 一樣… . 兩個(gè)as之間用形容詞或副詞的原形.
He works as carefully as she . 他和她一樣工作認(rèn)真.
She is as tall as her mother . 她和母親一樣高.
not as … as…. 不如某人…
he isn’t as \ so old as he looks . 他不像看起來那么老.
She doesn’t run as \ so fast as her brother .她不如她哥哥跑得那么快.
15. have fun == have a good\ great\ wonderful time ==enjoy oneself玩得開心,過得愉快
Did you have fun at the party ?
== Did you have a good\ great \ wonderful time ?
== Did you enjoy yourself ?
have fun doing sth.開心做某事 I’m just having fun playing the guitar .
16. accident 事故, 意外遭遇 He was killed in an accident .他死于一起意外事故.
traffic accident 交通事故 Many people die in traffic accidents every year .
by accident 偶然, 意外地 We met at the airport by accident .
17. scared 恐懼的, 害怕的
afraid恐懼的, 害怕的 I’m very scared \ afraid . 我很害怕.
be scared \ afraid of sth 害怕某物 Are you scared \ afraid of snakes ?
be scared \ afraid to do sth害怕做某事
He is scared \ afraid to go out at night .
be scared \ afraid of doing sth害怕做某事
He is scared \ afraid of going out at night .
18. think about 考慮 (某個(gè)計(jì)劃 ) They are thinking about moving to Beijing .
think of 認(rèn)為 What do you think of the movie ?
=== how do you like the movie ?
你認(rèn)為這部電影怎么樣?
think over 仔細(xì)思考 We need a few days to think over this matter .
新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(二)
感嘆句.
1. what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
(1) What a beautiful girl (she is ) ! 多么美的姑娘呀 !
(2) What a clever boy ( he is ) ! 多么聰明的男孩呀 !
(3) What interesting pictures ( they are ) ! 多么美的圖片呀 !
(4) What tall buildings ( they are ) ! 多么高的樓呀 !
(5) What delicious food ( it is ) ! 多么可口的食物呀 !
(6) What bad weather ( it is ) ! 多么壞的天氣呀 !
規(guī)律: what + ( a\ an ) + 形容詞 + 名詞 ( + 主語 + 謂語) + !
名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí), 形容詞前面不能有a\ an .
2. how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
(7) How heavy the box is ! 多么重的箱子呀!
How fast he runs ! 他跑得多快呀!
(8) How careful the girl is ! 多么細(xì)心的姑娘呀!
How well she plays the piano ! 她的鋼琴彈得多好呀!
如果說明的是人或物, 兩種感嘆句可替換. ( 以上(1) 到(8) 句 )
新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)(三)
過去進(jìn)行時(shí):
1.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：
(1)過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
What were you doing at 8:30 this morning ?
When I called him , he was having dinner .
(2) 過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday ?
I was reading the whole morning yesterday .
(3) when \ while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的使用：
----- when \ while 當(dāng)……的時(shí)候
While引導(dǎo)的從句中, 動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
when引導(dǎo)的從句中, 動(dòng)詞用過去式
Mary was having dinner when I saw her .
While we were swimming , someone stole our clothes .
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing .
While were talking , the teacher came into the classroom .
--------while 然而, 可是
He likes reading while I like dancing . 他喜歡看書而我喜歡跳舞.
Tom is very confident while Mary is shy and quiet .
Tom很自信可是Mary既靦腆又文靜.
2.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：
(1)肯定句：主語 + was \ were +動(dòng)詞ing形式 + 時(shí)間狀語。
(2)否定句：主語 + was \ were + not + 動(dòng)詞ing形式 + 時(shí)間狀語。
(3) 疑問句：was \ were + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing形式 + 時(shí)間狀語 ?
肯定回答：Yes , 主語 + was \ were . 否定回答：No, 主語 + was \ were + not .
3. 根據(jù)例子， 和詞組提示，構(gòu)成類似對(duì)話。
What were you doing last night ? I was working in the office .
Were you working in the office last night ?
Yes, I was . No , I wasn’t .
(1) Mr Zhang , make a model plane
(2) Wei Hua , play the piano , at 8:00 this morning
(3) the twins , play computer games , last night
(4) the smiths, watch TV , at noon yesterday
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