如何提高英語考試閱讀題的猜詞技巧(2)
如何提高英語考試閱讀題的猜詞技巧
四、對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)尋找文中相互對(duì)比、相互對(duì)照的線索來確定生詞的含義。
在此類文章中,通常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的詞語:however, but, on the other hand, on the contrary, instead of, while, unlike, not, although, yet, despite, in spite of, in contrast, etc.
例一: A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
根據(jù)句法結(jié)構(gòu)可知the adept workers和 the unskilled ones.為對(duì)比關(guān)系,意義相反。由the unskilled ones可推出the adept workers為熟練工人。
例二:Someone liked milk, but others abhorred it.
通過but我們知道abhor是like的反義詞,意為“厭惡”。
五、并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)
它表示意義上的并列或相似關(guān)系。表示并列關(guān)系的詞語為and, similarly, like, just as, also, etc.
例一:A child’s birthday party does not have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anacleria, an Evaston mother of two, aged 4 and 18 months.
分號(hào)前后為兩個(gè)并列平行的分句,后一句意為“生日聚會(huì)可以充滿快樂、樂趣”,我們可以推測(cè)hassle意為“混亂”。
例二:First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.
baffled 和beaten為并列平行關(guān)系,根據(jù)beaten可以推測(cè)出baffled意為“難倒,使受挫,阻礙”之意。
例三:John loves to talk, and his sisters are similarly loquacious.
根據(jù)and和similarly判定短語loves to talk 和loquacious.之間為同義比較,意為“健談的”。
六、因果關(guān)系
它也是推測(cè)詞義的一種重要方式。我們可以通過結(jié)果推測(cè)原因,亦可通過原因推測(cè)結(jié)果。
例句:The girl began to feel homesick because she had been away from her family for years.
根據(jù)原因狀語從句和homesick本身的構(gòu)詞方法,我們推斷它的詞義為“想家的”。
七、舉例法
即通過生詞后面所舉的例子來推斷生詞的含義。
例句:In this reading room, you can find almost all periodicals in China, such as: The World of English, Foreign Language in School, English Learning or Readers.
我們根據(jù)后面所舉的例子,不難推斷出periodicals是“期刊”之意。