高考英語語法填空的答題技巧分析
高考英語語法填空的答題技巧分析
語法填空是考生在高考中必考的題型，下面學(xué)習(xí)啦的小編將為大家?guī)碚Z法填空的答題技巧的介紹，希望能夠幫助到大家。
高考英語語法填空的答題技巧
應(yīng)試技巧一：考查動詞時態(tài),不給出明確時間狀語：這種測試形式在高考單項填空題中非常有效的考查考生是否能靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)語法知識的能力，因此要指導(dǎo)考生學(xué)會認(rèn)真分析上下文語境，從而能準(zhǔn)確確定所要填的時態(tài)。高考單項填空題考查動詞時態(tài)時, 往往題干句無具體明確的時間狀語, 考生需對上下文語境進(jìn)行分析, 才能搞清所要考查的句子時態(tài)。
19) He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _______ her somewhere.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
【答案為D項。從句子表面看，句子的前半句是過去時，然而空格卻要填過去完成時，這就要從句子的語意上去分析，此句中的wondering實(shí)際上是一種心理活動，表示“好像在哪兒見過她”，從這兒分析這個行為應(yīng)該是在wondering之前發(fā)生的?！?/p>
20) - Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.
- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ______ of my friends back home.
A. have just thought B. was just thinking
C. would just think D. was just be thinking
【答案為B項。從對話看，句子都是現(xiàn)在時，很多考生在解答這道題時，會習(xí)慣地選擇A項，然而空格卻要填過去進(jìn)行時，與上面那道題一樣，要從句子的語意去分析，回話中in fact, 實(shí)際上是回答問話這與其說話時自己所呈現(xiàn)的思維狀態(tài)，也就是他在回話錢的行為狀態(tài)，故應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時?！?/p>
應(yīng)試技巧二：明辨固定搭配置換迷霧現(xiàn)象：解答這類題時, 考生應(yīng)認(rèn)真細(xì)心觀察句子結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其是一些常用句型轉(zhuǎn)換、常用短語或從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的割裂現(xiàn)象, 高考命題是常常采用這種方式使短語或固定搭配中的某個成分不在原來位置, 從而使該短語或固定搭配難以辨認(rèn)。若考生對所學(xué)語言知識掌握得不好的話，在考試中是難以對這種現(xiàn)象做出正確的判斷和抉擇的。因此，這類題也是考生常常丟分的題。
21) In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
【答案為D項。解答這道題首先要弄清楚句中的短語“turn to somebody for help”搭配，這句又是定語從句，但短語被認(rèn)為割裂開之后，介詞to與關(guān)系代詞whom搭配在一塊，根據(jù)語法規(guī)則與介詞連用的關(guān)系代詞必須用賓格形式。所以正確答案是to whom?！?/p>
22) Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _______ they can be controlled on purpose.
A. With which B. to which C. of which D. for which
【答案為B項。這道題與上面那道題的思路是一致的，短語be controlled to，也是被割裂開，與關(guān)系代詞連用。這兒指的是“控制到….程度”，故只有to which符合題意?！?/p>
應(yīng)試技巧三：明確省略成分, 補(bǔ)全句子看清真面目
試題命制時，為使語言生動，自然、簡潔，所以常常采用這種省略形式。解答這類題，首先要求考生弄懂句意，再根據(jù)所學(xué)語法知識將句子還原或補(bǔ)全，有助于考生快速地掌握句子的意思。不過這類現(xiàn)象多為同源主語的省略。
23) ________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
【答案為D項。本題考查when之后非謂語動詞用法。對when用法的判斷是解題關(guān)鍵。when(或其它詞，如：while， since，once等)引導(dǎo)狀語從句時，若從句主語和主句主語相同，且從句謂語部分含有be時，可把從句主語和be同時省略。本題干中在when后省略了it is。即when it is compared with the size of the whole earth...】
24) The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
【答案為D項。本題once之后省略了it is, 顯然, 此處應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)?！?/p>
25) We all know that, __________, the situation will grow worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with
【答案為B項。if后接的省略句，其實(shí)它的完整結(jié)構(gòu)是if it is not carefully dealt with。顯然，選項的內(nèi)容省略了it is, 而剩余部分就是正確答案?！?/p>
應(yīng)試技巧四：巧用結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子，理順還原本來面目
有些語法填空題的句子結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，迷惑性大，稍有疏忽，必定會受到干擾項的干擾，這時就需要耐心和細(xì)心地分析句子，弄清結(jié)構(gòu)，再對照選項進(jìn)行甄別選出正確選項。
26) You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________ home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
【答案為D項。Imagine后面的賓語從句是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，其正常語序?yàn)椋篧e had difficulty ________ home in the snowstorm. 其實(shí)這句就是考查have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something句型結(jié)構(gòu)?！?/p>
應(yīng)試技巧五：語境背景要弄清，細(xì)心分析究根源
有些語法填空題常常在語境中考查考生對語言結(jié)構(gòu)和語言知識的考查，這類題型是近年來?？碱}。這就要求考生要針對語境做細(xì)致的分析，以語境為切入點(diǎn)對測試題進(jìn)行思考，分析，甄別和抉擇。
27) -Bill, if it doesn’t rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.
- ___________ I just want to hear Mozart.
A. Well done! B. No problem. C. That’s great! D. That’s it.
【答案為C。That’s great!意思是“太好了!太棒了!”。根據(jù)對話材料，我們I just want to her Mozart, 可以斷定出說話者本人自己想去聽莫扎特的音樂會，當(dāng)聽到對方說可能要去維也納時，心中不禁大喜。Well done!的意思是“干得好!”problem意思是“沒問題。”That’s it. 表示為“做得對!就是這樣!”】
28) -Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
-Sorry, I am not sure. But it _____ be.
A. might B. will C. must D. can
【答案為A。根據(jù)答語中的I am not sure, 就是一個重要的信息，表明說話者把握不大。根據(jù)語法規(guī)則，但沒什么把握是或不確定時，一般用情態(tài)動詞may或might。】
高中英語的聽力的答題技巧
一、數(shù)字。
數(shù)字型試題主要考查數(shù)字，包括數(shù)量、年齡、時間、價格等，可以出現(xiàn)在聽力考試的所有題型中。針對不同的數(shù)字型試題，考生可以采取記錄、判斷以及推斷等不同技巧進(jìn)行答題。
提示1：如對電話號碼、門牌號、航班號、車牌號等，考生可采取聽寫記錄所需數(shù)字。
提示2：對判斷類數(shù)字題需要在聽到的兩個或兩個以上數(shù)字中判斷符合題意的數(shù)字。
提示3：對推斷類數(shù)字題則通常涉及到簡單的數(shù)學(xué)四則運(yùn)算，需稍加計算，才能得出正確答案。
二、地點(diǎn)。
地點(diǎn)型試題主要考查地點(diǎn)，該項內(nèi)容的考查多為以where開頭的特殊疑問句，如：Where does the conversation most probably take place?(這段對話最可能發(fā)生在什么場合?)解這類試題時，我們需要有一些積累和推斷。
提示1：熟悉、積累常用地名，如國家、首都、大城市、著名的標(biāo)志性建筑以及著名山川河流的名稱等。
提示2：熟悉、積累與各個地點(diǎn)場所有關(guān)的單詞、短語、句型和場景。
提示3：根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，結(jié)合生活常識進(jìn)行邏輯推斷，從而得知對話發(fā)生地點(diǎn)。
由于地點(diǎn)型試題可能出現(xiàn)在填空中，因此考生還需要注意地點(diǎn)名稱的大小寫，做到拼寫準(zhǔn)確規(guī)范。
三、推斷。
推斷型試題不僅包括推斷數(shù)字和地點(diǎn)，還?？疾閷W(xué)生對人物身份、關(guān)系，人物態(tài)度、情感以及事件原因的推斷。一般來說，此類題通常出現(xiàn)在短對話中。
提示1：平時熟悉、積累不同人物身份及人物關(guān)系所對應(yīng)的單詞、短語、句型和場景，測試時根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容所提供的稱呼語、關(guān)鍵詞，結(jié)合生活常識進(jìn)行判斷。
提示2：熟悉、積累不同語音語調(diào)所表達(dá)的不同意思，以及特定單詞、短語和句型所表達(dá)的隱含信息，進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確判斷。
提示3：認(rèn)真聽清事件發(fā)生的全部過程及前因后果，去粗取精，去偽存真，才能找出事件發(fā)生的真正原因。
四、主題內(nèi)容。
主題型試題主要考查學(xué)生對短對話或短文獨(dú)白的主要內(nèi)容的把握能力。學(xué)生需要抓住關(guān)鍵字或主題句，根據(jù)所獲得的關(guān)鍵信息，進(jìn)行分析概括主題。
補(bǔ)充資料：聽力常見詞匯及句型 一級重要詞匯：
reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception ,desk,register/registration/book 名詞：rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a king’s room, shower, deadline, 動詞：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate, 形容詞：available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual, 副詞：definitely, down, though, slightly, 詞組：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock, 句型：1.Then all set 2.Take your time. 3.Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder…
5.It’s a deal. 6.You’re kidding. 7.Can we make it…? 8.That’s the way it is. 9.It depends. 10.It’s not intended for scientists, either.
高中英語需要重點(diǎn)注意的考點(diǎn)
一、狀語從句的一些引導(dǎo)詞需要著重注意
1.before: …before I could say a word./It may be some time before the situation improves How long it’ll be before I can go back to work? 2.when: It was six o’clock when they arrived at the hotel. 3.since: It’s three years since I smoked. 4.as: Great as the difficulty was,../Much as I admire,…
5.where: They notice that plants don’t grow well where there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher. 6.主將從現(xiàn)：
I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I.
二、時態(tài)和語態(tài)是很重要的考點(diǎn)
have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The papers are still being corrected/It is being served in the dining room.
三、注意情態(tài)動詞對過去表示推測的用法
比如，couldn’t have done/might have done/needn’t have done/should/ought to have done 特別是shall的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teacher’s permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon. It is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city. Shall I/he book a table? 請別忽視某些情態(tài)動詞的特殊含義，如：
must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel. would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories. should: It’s strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam. may: May you succeed!/May you be happy! 四、你需要記住一些交際用語，比如：
Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You can’t be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What for?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isn’t due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 a.m./I’ll give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone. 五、非謂語動詞——注意分清謂語與非謂語，比如：
She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away. Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.
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