北師大版英語必修五單元練習(xí)題一和答案(2)
北師大版英語必修五單元練習(xí)題一和答案
北師大英語必修五單元練習(xí)題二
Ⅰ.閱讀理解(建議用時(shí)15′)
A
[2015·哈六中期中考試]Life is so much simpler these days. Everything revolves around a single button! With the introduction of washing machines, washing clothes became easier. The machines would dry clothes at least 70 to 80 percent and already halfdried clothes would be done in no time. Do you want to know how washing machines evolved?
The first washing machine was called the scrub (擦洗) board and was invented in the year 1797. In 1851, American man, James King, discovered and patented the first washing machine to use a drum.However, it was still handpowered and did not work by itself.
Then, in 1858, William Blackstone of Indiana built a washing machine for his wife.This washing machine removed and washed away dirt from the clothes. This was the first official washing machine that could be used at home.
In 1908, the Hurley Machine Company of Chicago invented the Thor machine. This was the first washing machine that was electrically powered, and it had a galvanized (電鍍的) metal tub and an electric motor. The earlier washing machine had a heavy, castiron mechanism mounted on the tub lid, making the machine heavy and difficult to move.
The introduction of a metal tub and reduction gears (減速齒輪) in later years replaced this heavy equipment and by 1920 the production of wooden tub washing machines completely stopped. But the new machines made a lot of noise because of their bulky metal tubs. A modification that was made was covering the tubs with white enameled (磁漆的) sheet metal to make the cleaning process easier.
By the early 1950s, American companies started producing washing machines with a spin dry feature， and this replaced the old wringer, which, while drying the clothes, would remove the buttons or cause accidents involving the hair and hands.In 1957, the first washing machine with five plus buttons was introduced. These controlled the wash temperature, rinse temperature and spin speed.
Slowly, more features were added, and today we have a variety of washing machines with different features and styles to help us out and make life simpler and easier.
本文介紹了洗衣機(jī)的發(fā)展變化過程。
1.According to the passage, the first washing machine________.
A.was invented in the year 1797
B.was invented for a woman
C.worked by using a drum
D.was electrically powered
答案：A 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中第二段第一句話可知答案。
2.Why were the earlier washing machines heavy?
A.They were equipped with a castiron mechanism on the tub lid.
B.They had a metal tub and reduction gears.
C.They had a galvanized metal tub and an electric motor.
D.They had a handpowered mechanism.
答案：A 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中第四段最后一句可知答案。
3.What can we learn from the fifth paragraph?
A.The washing machine with a metal tub and reduction gears was invented in 1920s.
B.The washing machines with a metal tub did not make any noise.
C.The cleaning process became simpler thanks to an enameled sheet metal tub.
D.The wooden tub washing machine was cheaper than one with a metal tub.
答案：C 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句話可知答案。
4.What was an advantage of the spin dry feature?
A.It didn't have buttons to control it.
B.The wash and rinse temperature could be controlled.
C.It avoided accidents involving the hair and hands.
D.It speeded up the spin speed.
答案：C 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“and this replaced the old wringer, which, while drying the clothes, would remove the buttons or cause accidents involving the hair and hands.”已經(jīng)替代了舊的機(jī)器去避免事故的發(fā)生。
1.revolve vi. 旋轉(zhuǎn)
2.dirt n. 骯臟;塵土
3.replace vt. 取代;代替
4.feature n./vt. 特色;以……為特色
1.wash away 沖刷掉;洗掉
2.a variety of 各種各樣的;多樣的
3.help out 幫助……擺脫困難
原文：This was the first official washing machine that could be used at home.(定語從句)
譯文：這是第一臺(tái)正式的可以在家里使用的洗衣機(jī)。
仿寫：The first place of interest that_they_visited_in_London last year was the Big Ben.
去年他們?cè)趥惗貐⒂^的第一處名勝是大本鐘。
B
[2016·福州八中質(zhì)檢二]I still read out loud to my son. He is in fifth grade and an avid reader. He plows through books and is currently devouring (津津有味地看).The Hobbit which he calls “addicting”. But he still likes it when I read out loud to him before bed.
I've always read to him, I could probably recite Goodnight Moon by heart and I like to think it has helped to instill his love of reading in him.
But as he's gotten older, reading to him has changed. The books are longer, of course, and sometimes he corrects me if I misread a word in the dim light of his room. But what's really changed is what we both get out of it.
When I was in fifth grade, I had a wonderful teacher, Mr Hanks, who would read aloud to the class after lunch. I remember him reading Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory and me hanging on every word. I could hardly wait for lunch to be over to find out what happened next to little Charlie Bucket.
Now I'm giving the same gift to my own son. Last week he brought me a copy of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol he found on the shelf and asked me to read it to him. One of the bonuses of reading to an older child is you can revisit a beloved book from your past or be exposed to a book you have never read yourself.
Such was the case with A Christmas Carol which I admit I had never read. So when I started reading I worried that it would be a tough go since the book uses expressions and the language Dickens used in the 1840's. I found myself having to define things such as braziers and balustrades. But in the wonderful descriptiveness of Dickens' prose, my son was especially taken with his description of Scrooge's house where he had often played hideandseek with other friends.
讀書使人受益，睡前給孩子讀書，讓孩子成為了一個(gè)熱愛閱讀的人。
5.When it comes to reading out loud to the author's son, she feels________.
A.tired B.curious
C.nervous D.happy
答案：D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從文中第二段“I've always read to him, I could probably recite...his love of reading in him.”可知作者樂于讀書給孩子聽。
6.It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A.the author's son enjoys her reading to him
B.the author puts too much pressure on her son
C.the author's son dislikes reading on his own
D.the author finds it unnecessary to read to her son
答案：A 推理判斷題。從文中第五段“he found on the shelf and asked me to read it to him.”可知A正確，其余選項(xiàng)文中未談到相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
7.Compared with Goodnight Moon, A Christmas Carol ________.
A.is much shorter
B.is harder to understand
C.is better known to the author
D.is more popular with younger children
答案：B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從文中最后一段“A Christmas Carol which I admit I had never read. So when I started...the language Dickens used in the 1840's.”可知比Goodnight Moon難理解。
8.The author writes the text in order to ________.
A.encourage children to read more books
B.recommend some excellent books to readers
C.persuade parents to read out loud to their children
D.share her experience of reading out loud to her son
答案：D 作者寫作的目的意在分享與孩子共同讀書的經(jīng)歷。
1.plow vi./vt./n. 犁;耕耘
2.misread vt. 讀錯(cuò)
3.beloved adj. 心愛的;摯愛的
4.define vt. 定義;使明確
5.description n. 描寫
1.get out of 逃避;避免 2.be exposed to 暴露于
原文：But he still likes it when I read out loud to him before bed.(固定句型)
譯文：但是他仍然喜歡我在睡前大聲地給他讀出來。
仿寫：I_would_appreciate_it if you could accept our invitation.
如果你能接受我們的邀請(qǐng)，我會(huì)很感激的。
Ⅱ.七選五(建議用時(shí)8′)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
[2016·山西四校聯(lián)考] It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.
Don't get in the center of the conflict.
Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues.
Be kind.
__3__Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.
Try to be a peacekeeper.
Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__”This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.
Walk off.
When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__You should get away from the situation for a while.
A.Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.
B.The greatest victory is a battle not fought.
C.It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.
D.Let other people solve their problems without your presence.
E.Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.
F.Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.
G.When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.
文章介紹了幾種有效避免沖突的方法。
1.F 只有知道了沖突的嚴(yán)重危害，我們才能去想法避免它。
2.D 因?yàn)槲闹刑岬搅?ldquo;You should focus on your own life issues.”，故建議你不要涉及到?jīng)_突當(dāng)中去。
3.G 本段中的關(guān)鍵詞為“kind”和kindly相呼應(yīng)。
4.B 試著當(dāng)一個(gè)和平守護(hù)者，即“The greatest victory is a battle not fought.”。
5.C “keep yourself away from stress”即讓自己與沖突或?qū)κ直３志嚯x或者遠(yuǎn)離對(duì)手。
Ⅲ.語法填空(建議用時(shí)8′)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
[2016·湖北高三聯(lián)考]A father is very worried about his son, __1__ acts like a coward. So his father paid a visit to the master and __2__ (ask) him to train his son.
The master said, “I promise I'll be able to train your child __3__ a real man in three months.”
Three months later, his father came __4__(pick) the child. The master arranged a match between the child __5__ his coach to show the three-month training result.
At Round One, the child __6__ (knock) down and fell to the ground. He stood up to meet the challenge. But he was knocked down again, and once again he stood up to fight...this was repeated six times.
The master asked his father, “Do you think your child's __7__ (perform) is that of a man?” The father said, “I feel ashamed for __8__! I never expected that he would be so weak after a threemonth __9__(train).” The master said, “I don't agree with you, and I regret that you only see __10__ surface of things. You have not seen the courage and perseverance in your son. This is the very spirit of a man!”
1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9.________ 10.________
父親擔(dān)心自己的孩子會(huì)成為膽小鬼，向一位大師求助。
1.who 考查who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，who在從句中作主語。
2.asked and連接并列的謂語。
3.into 考查固定搭配。“train sb. into sb.”把某人訓(xùn)練成……的人。
4.to pick 考查固定搭配。“come to do”來干某事。
5.and 考查固定搭配。“between...and...”。
6.was knocked “孩子被擊倒”，故用被動(dòng)。
7.performance “名詞所有格相當(dāng)于形容詞”，故其后用名詞。
8.him 考查固定搭配。“feel ashamed for sb.”“為某人感到羞愧”。
9.training after為介詞，故其后用training。
10.the “特指這件事情的表面”，故用定冠詞the。
?、?書面表達(dá)(建議用時(shí)20′)
[2016·河北七校聯(lián)考]書寫是中學(xué)生日常學(xué)習(xí)中很重要的一項(xiàng)技能，而如今，老師、家長(zhǎng)、學(xué)生對(duì)書寫的重視程度降低了。請(qǐng)結(jié)合你的感受寫一篇100詞左右的英文短文，分析造成該現(xiàn)象的原因，并發(fā)表自己的看法。要點(diǎn)如下：
1.簡(jiǎn)要介紹該現(xiàn)象;
2.分析原因;
3.你的看法。
One possible version：
Handwriting is one of the most important skills in students' daily study. Nowadays, however, teachers, students and their parents are paying less and less attention to handwriting.
There are many reasons explaining the phenomenon, the main one of which is the growing popularity of computers. Many students may think that they can just use a computer, so there is no need to waste time improving it. What's more, the students are so occupied with their lessons and homework every day that they have no adequate time to practice it.
In my opinion, just as the saying goes, writing style shows the man. Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial, especially for middle school students. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.
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