初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
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初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn):連詞的定義
連詞是一種虛詞,不能擔(dān)任一個(gè)句子成分。連詞在句中主要起連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。
并列連詞的用法:
1.并列連詞and和or:
①and 和or 是用得最多的并列連詞,可以連接:
a.兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞: We were singing and dancing all evening. 整個(gè)晚上我們都在唱歌跳舞。
b.名詞、形容詞等:This apple is big and red. Would you like fish or beef?
c.兩個(gè)并列的分句(句子):I said it and I meant it. 我說(shuō)話算數(shù)。
?、赼nd 可連接兩個(gè)分句,表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他會(huì)得寸進(jìn)尺。
③or可連接分句,表示"否則":
Don't drive so fast or you'll have an accident. 別開(kāi)這么快,不然你會(huì)出車(chē)禍。
2.表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞:but, yet:
①but和yet的用法:
The weather will be sunny but cold. 天氣會(huì)晴朗但很冷。
It is strange, yet true. 這很奇怪,卻是真的。
?、趆owever, still 等為副詞,但可起連接作用,表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折——“但是”或“然而”。
a.however: His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind.
他的第一反應(yīng)是不行,但后來(lái)他改變了主意。
b.still: It's raining; still I'd like to go. 天在下雨,但我還是要去。
?、墼~組all the same: She is naughty, all the same we have to laugh at her jokes.
她很調(diào)皮,但對(duì)她的惡作劇我們還是要發(fā)笑。
3.表示因果的連詞:
?、賔or可以表示“因?yàn)?rdquo;,但引導(dǎo)的不是從句,而是并列分句,對(duì)前面情況加以解釋,常用逗號(hào)把它和前面的分句分開(kāi),這在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中比較多見(jiàn)。
The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是十二月。
She must have gone out early, for she had not come for breakfast.
她肯定一早出去了,因?yàn)樗龥](méi)來(lái)吃早飯。
?、趕o 表示結(jié)果,可譯為“因此”、“所以”。
Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我們的箱子很重,因此我們坐了出租車(chē)
?、踭herefore 為副詞,也表示同樣的意思——“因此”,可放句前:
He had gone; she therefore gave the money to me.他走了,于是她把錢(qián)給了我。
4.both… and的用法
A man should have both courage and perseverance.一個(gè)人既要有勇氣又要有毅力。
5.就近原則:
1)neither…nor… Neither Lucy nor Lily is a League member.
2)not only…but also… Not only you but also he likes football.
3)either…or… Either Jim or Peter is right.
4)not…but… Not Jim but Peter broke the cup.
6.as well as的用法:
I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我讀過(guò)他的一本小說(shuō)和幾個(gè)劇本。
初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn):數(shù)詞表示方法
(1)年、月、日、時(shí)的寫(xiě)法和讀法
?、俦硎救掌谟眯驍?shù)詞,前面加定冠詞 e.g. 3月8日 March the eighth
?、谀攴菀话惴譃閮刹糠肿x,先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù) e.g. 1949 nineteen forty-nine
③以上時(shí)間合在一起的寫(xiě)法
e.g.1955年10月1日上午10點(diǎn) 10:00 a.m. October 1st, 1955
(2)分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法
分?jǐn)?shù)由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞構(gòu)成,基數(shù)詞代表分子,序數(shù)詞代表分母,除了分子為1的情況,序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。帶分?jǐn)?shù)中的整數(shù)用基數(shù)詞表示,并用and和分?jǐn)?shù)隔開(kāi)。
e.g.1 one-fourths 3-2 three and two-fifths
(3)小數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示
?、傩?shù)的表示 e.g. 6.4 six point four 12.409 twelve point four oh nine
②表示百分?jǐn)?shù)用"基數(shù)詞+percent(per cent)"形式 e.g. 50% fifty per cent