2017年高考英語考試知識點歸納
英語作為一門國際通用語,在21世紀已經(jīng)向著多元化、多功能化的方向發(fā)展,所以在高考考試前我們要復(fù)習(xí)好高考英語的知識點。下面學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給你分享高考英語知識點歸納,歡迎閱讀。
高考英語疑問副詞知識點歸納
1. 疑問副詞的特點
疑問副詞有when, where, why, how 等,用于引出特殊疑問句:
Where do you come from? 你是哪里人?
When will it be ready? 這什么時候能準備好?
Why was she crying? 她剛才為什么哭?
2. 兩類易混句型的區(qū)別。請看以下兩句:
Where do you think he has gone? 你認為他去什么地方了?
Do you know when he will come? 你知道他什么時候來嗎?
上面第一句為特殊疑問句,第二句為一般疑問句,它們不能倒過來說成Do you think where he has gone? When do you know he will come? 其區(qū)別是:可以用 yes 或 no 回答者,用一般疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句中,即主句之后),適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 know, hear, ask, tell 等;不能用 yes 或 no 回答者,用特殊疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句首),適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 think, believe, suppose, guess 等。
3. 使用疑問副詞的注意點
(1) 疑問副詞用于引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句,通常位于句首,但有時也不一定: Without friends where are we? 沒有朋友我們會怎樣?
(2) 疑問副詞引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句時,其后應(yīng)接一般疑問句,但有時可有所省略:
Why argue with him? 為什么要與跟他爭吵?
Why not ask the teacher? / Why don’t you ask the teacher? 為什么不問問老師呢?
【注】Why 或Why not后接動詞原形,不接帶to不定式,主要用于現(xiàn)在或?qū)?,不用于過去,如不說 why not tell me yesterday?應(yīng)改為Why didn’t you tell me yesterday?(昨天為什么不告訴我?)
(3) 有時兩個疑問副詞連用:
When and where were you born? 你生于何時何地?
特殊疑問句:
要求具體回答的問句。
1)特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)是:
除who以外的疑問代詞短語
疑問副詞
疑問代詞
以上+一般疑問句+?
如:What do you want?(你要什么?)/ Who(m) are you looking for ?(你在找誰?)/ Whose magazine is this?(這是誰的雜志?)/Which class are you in?(你在哪班?)/ When did you get up this morning?(你今早什么時候起身的?)/ Where have you been?(你到哪兒去了?)/ Why did he go to bed so early?(他為什么這么早睡覺?)/ How did you go there?(你是怎么去的那兒?)
但是,“who”引出的詢問主語或主語部分相關(guān)詞的特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)與陳述句詞序相同:如:Who is dancing over there?(誰在那邊跳舞?)
有時“what”,“which”,“whose”也可以引出與陳述句詞序相同的特殊疑問句。如:What is on the wall?(什么東西在墻上?/墻上有什么?)/ Which is yours?(哪個是你的?)/ Whose book is in your bag?(誰的書在你的書包里?)
[注意]從陳述句改為特殊問句時,先將句子改為一般問句,再將(劃線)提問部分更改為疑問詞置于句首,特別要注意助動詞的使用!如果只對主語或主語的修飾詞提問,那么只需要將疑問部分改為疑問詞即可。
2)常用疑問代詞和疑問副詞:
疑問代詞: who, whom, whose, which, what,
疑問副詞: when, where, why, how,
how構(gòu)成的短語:how many (多少個) (獨立用;或跟可數(shù)名詞), how much (多少) (獨立用;或跟不可數(shù)名詞), how old (多大年紀), how far (多遠), how often (多常),how long (多久,多長), how soon (多久以后),how many times (多少次),等等。
3)特殊疑問句有時也用否定式。如:Why don’t you ask Jim instead?(??s略為Why not…?) (你為什么不轉(zhuǎn)請Jim呢?)
4) 特殊疑問句疑問部分有時可以有兩個以上的疑問詞。如:When and where were you born? (你是何時何地出生的?)
5) 疑問詞如果是介詞的賓語,則該介詞可以在句首,也可以在句尾。如:What do you want a computer for? = For what do you want a computer? (你干嘛要一臺電腦呢?)
高考英語連接代詞知識點歸納
1. 以what等連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
What you need is more practice. 你需要的是更多的練習(xí)。
Whoever wants it may have it. 誰要都可以給他。
同類的連接代詞還有:What, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever
2. 以that, whether從屬連詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
It was strange that he had made a mistake. 真奇怪,他竟然錯了。
That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我們需要更多的設(shè)備,這是很明顯的。
Whether he will join us won't make too much difference.
他是否加入我們,沒有太大的差別。
3. 主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that什么時候可以省略
當主語從句不太長時,引導(dǎo)詞“that”可以省略
It's clear (that) he has done his best. 很明顯他已經(jīng)盡力而為了。
It's a wonder (that) he didn't fail. 真奇怪,他沒有失敗。
4. 以when等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句
When they will come hasn't been made public. 他們什么時候來還沒有公布。
Where she has gone is not known yet. 她去了哪兒,還不知道。
Why he did it will remain a puzzle for ever. 為什么他做那件事將永遠是個謎團。
5. 虛擬語氣:主語從句
形容詞為necessary, important, impossible, strange, natural, essential時,在“It + be + 形容詞或過去分詞 + 主語從句”中,主語從句要虛擬。
It is necessary that the problem (should) be discussed at once.
立刻討論這個問題很有必要。
It is strange that he (should) have so many friends. 太奇怪了,他有那么多的朋友。
6. 主語從句與強調(diào)句的區(qū)別
注意事項:
1)在主語從句中,把It was … that去掉之后,就已經(jīng)完全不像一個句子了。
2)在強調(diào)句中,把It was … that去掉之后,還基本上像個句子。
3)主語從句有以下的引導(dǎo)詞:what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever
4)強調(diào)句的引導(dǎo)詞只有:that, who.
主語從句:
It was strange that he had made a mistake. 如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下strange he had made a mistake.就不算是句子了。
It is immaterial where or when he goes. 他去何處或者何時去是無關(guān)緊要的。
It is said that…, 和It is reported that…這樣的結(jié)構(gòu),后面接的是主語從句:
It is said that he‘s got married. 聽說他已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了。
強調(diào)句:
It was she that had been wrong. 錯的是她。(強調(diào)主語)如果把,It was … that 去掉以后,剩下she had been wrong.還勉強算的上是一個句子。
It was this novel that they talked about last night. 他們昨晚談?wù)摰氖沁@部小說。(強調(diào)賓語)
It was in London that I first saw her. 我是在倫敦第一次見到她的。(強調(diào)地點狀語)
2017年高考英語考試知識點歸納
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