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英語必修五知識點(2)

時間: 芷瓊0 分享

  英語必修五知識點:過去分詞

  過去分詞兼有動詞、副詞和形容詞的特征,可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。

  1. 作定語

  作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞,一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語,一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如:

  There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

  This is a book written by a worker.

  2. 作表語

  過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。

  I was pleased at the news.

  The door remained locked.

  過去分詞作表語,相當于形容詞,常見的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

  過去分詞作表語時,應(yīng)注意與被動結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點;被動結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)謂語動作。

  The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))

  The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動作)

  I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))

  3. 過去分詞做狀語

  ①表時間,相當于一個時間狀語從句,有時過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強調(diào)時間概念。

  Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

  Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

 ?、诒碓颍喈斢谝粋€原因狀語從句。

  Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

  Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

  ③表條件,相當于一個條件狀語從句,有時過去分詞前可用 if 等詞

  Heated, water changes into steam.

  Given another chance, he will do better.

 ?、鼙碜尣剑喈斢谝粋€though/although引導的讓步狀語從句。

  Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

 ?、荼戆殡S,說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。

  Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

  The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

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