英語簡單語法知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
英語對于現(xiàn)在的中國學(xué)生來說已經(jīng)成為了一種重要的語言。英語作為一種語言,本身就是一個系統(tǒng),需要靠英語語法來規(guī)范,接下來學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了英語簡單語法知識點(diǎn),一起來看看吧。
英語簡單語法知識點(diǎn):特殊句型
there be 句型,be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)
1. Be going to 結(jié)構(gòu),表示打算,準(zhǔn)備,計劃做某事
結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be動詞+going to +動詞原型
I am going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
變疑問句將be動詞移到句首
Are you going to make a bookcase?
Are they going to paint it?
Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?
變否定句在be動詞后面加not
I am not going to make a bookcase.
They are going to paint it.
The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Yes, they are. No, they are not.
Yes, he is. No, he is not.
特殊疑問句
What are you going to do?
What are they going to do?
What is the father going to do?
2. There be 句型:表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)
There is+單數(shù)名詞+表示場所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
There is a book in this room.
There is a pen on the table
There are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
There are two pens on the table.
There are three schools there.
變疑問句將be動詞移到句首
Is there a book in this room?
Are there two pens on the table?
變否定句在動詞后面加not
There is not a book in this room.
There are not two pens on the table.
肯定回答及否定回答
Yes, there is. No, there is not.
Yes, there are. No, there are not.
英語簡單語法知識點(diǎn):選擇疑問句
選擇疑問句:是指提出兩個或兩個以上可能的答案供對方選擇的句式
一種是以一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為基礎(chǔ),只是在語調(diào)上有所區(qū)別。
例如:Would you like coffee or tea?
這一類選擇疑問句通常都是在前一個供選擇的答案用低升調(diào),后一個用降調(diào);如果有兩個以上供選擇的答案,則在最后一個用降調(diào),其余都用低升調(diào)。
例如:
Would you like a gin,or a whisky,or a `beer?
你是要喝杜松子酒,還是威士忌酒,還是啤酒?
這種語調(diào)上的特征往往是區(qū)別選擇疑問句和一般疑問句的重要標(biāo)志。試比較:
Shall we leave at six or `seven?
我們是 6 點(diǎn)動身還是 7點(diǎn)動身?
Shall we leave at six or seven?
我們在6,7點(diǎn)鐘動身好嗎?
上述第一例是選擇疑問句,其答案只能是兩者之一。
We shall leave at six/seven.我們將在6點(diǎn)/7點(diǎn)動身。
上述第二例是一般疑問句,它的答案只是 yes/no,而且并不肯定是6點(diǎn)或7點(diǎn),甚至可能既不是6點(diǎn),也不是7點(diǎn):
Yes,we shall leave at six or seven.是的,我們將在 6, 7點(diǎn)鐘動身。
No.We must leave earlier.不。我們必須早點(diǎn)動身。
另一種選擇疑問句是以特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為基礎(chǔ)的,也是在語調(diào)上有所區(qū)別。
例如:Which vase shall I use, the short one or the tall one ? The tall one.
在選擇疑問句中的冠詞用法。
Is she a housewife or a nurse?(她是一個家庭主婦還是護(hù)士?)
其中,or后的不定冠詞a/an 不能省略。
英語簡單語法知識點(diǎn):特殊疑問句
特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞開頭,對句中某一成分提問的句子。
常用的疑問詞有:what who whose which when where how why等。
可先分為3種:
疑問代詞:what,who,which,whose,whom
疑問副詞:when,where,why,how
疑問形容詞:what(which,whose)+名詞
特殊疑問句有兩種語序
1.如疑問詞作主語或主語的定語,即對主語或主語的定語提問,其語序是陳述句的語序:
疑問詞(+主語)+謂語動詞+其他成分。
如:Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖
2.如疑問詞作其他成分,即對其他成分提問,其語序是:疑問詞+一般疑問句語序? 如:What class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
注意:
1.回答特殊疑問句時,不能用yes / no,即問什么答什么,尤其是簡略回答。如:
Who is from Canada﹖ Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant﹖ Near the station.
Why do you like koalas﹖ Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑問句一般讀降調(diào)(↓)。
特殊疑問詞
Who誰——Whose誰的(加se)
Why為什么
When什么時候
Where在哪里
Which哪一個
What什么 ( What time什么時間 What colour什么顏色)
How怎么樣
How many多少{數(shù)量}
How much多少錢{價格},
多少(對不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行提問)
How long多長
How often多少次
How big多大
How heavy多重{重量}
How far多遠(yuǎn){路程}
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