高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大全
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教學(xué)的重要組成部分,那么高考英語(yǔ)有哪些語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)呢?接下來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理了高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大全,一起來(lái)看看吧。
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn):定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系詞 | 先行詞 | 從句成分 |
例 |
備 | |
關(guān)系代 詞 | who | 人 | 主語(yǔ) | Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? | whom, which和that在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí),??梢允÷裕樵~提前時(shí)后面關(guān)系代詞不能省略,也不可以用that |
whom | 人 | 賓語(yǔ) | Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. | ||
whose | 人或物 | 定語(yǔ) | I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. | ||
that | 人或物 | 主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ) | A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. | ||
which | 物 | 主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ) | The book (which) I gave you was worth . The picture which was about the accident was terrible. | ||
as | 人或物 | 主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ) | He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. | as做賓語(yǔ)一般不省略 | |
關(guān)系副 詞 | when | 時(shí)間 | 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) | I will never forget the day when we met there. | 可用on which |
where | 地點(diǎn) | 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) | This is the house where I was born. | 可用in which | |
why | 原因 | 原因狀語(yǔ) | I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. | 可用for which |
II. that與which, who, whom的用法區(qū)別
情 | 用法說(shuō)明 |
例 |
只用that的情況 | 1.先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時(shí) 2.先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時(shí) 3.先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) 4.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí) 5.先行詞被the only, the very修飾時(shí) 6.句中已經(jīng)有who或which時(shí),為了避免重復(fù)時(shí) | 1.He told me everything that he knows. 2.All the books that you offered has been given out. 3.This is the best film that I have ever read. 4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. 5.He is the only man that I want to see. 6.Who is the man that is making a speech? |
只用which, who, whom的情況 | 1.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,只能用which指代物,用who/whom指人 2.在由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,只能用which指物,whom指人。 3.先行詞本身是that時(shí),關(guān)系詞用which, 先行詞為those, one, he時(shí)多用who。 | 1.He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. 2.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. 3.Those who respect others are usually respected by others. |
III. as、which和that的區(qū)別
從句 |
區(qū) |
例 |
限制性 定語(yǔ)從句中 | 名詞前有such和the same修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用as,不能用which | He is not such a fool as he looks. Don’t read such books as you can’t understand. |
非限制性 定語(yǔ)從句中 | as和which都可以指代前面整個(gè)主句。如果有“正如,象”的含義,并可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面,那么用as;而which引導(dǎo)的從句只能放主句后,并無(wú)“正如”的意思。 | They won the game, as we had expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t expected. As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s. |
the same... as和 the same ...that | the same... as指同類事物 the same ...that 指原物 | That’s the same tool as I used last week.(同類工具,不是同一把) That’s the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用過(guò)的工具。 |
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn):形容詞
1 | 修飾some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí) | nobody absent, everything possible |
2 | 以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級(jí)或only修飾的名詞之后 | the best book available, the only solution possible |
3 | alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后置 | the only person awake |
4 | 和空間、時(shí)間、單位連用時(shí) | a bridge 50 meters long |
5 | 成對(duì)的形容詞可以后置 | a huge room simple and beautiful |
6 | 形容詞短語(yǔ)一般后置 | a man difficult to get on with |
7 | enough修飾名詞時(shí)可以前置也可以后置,但修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)要后置 | ______to take his adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.(NMET2000) A.Brave enough students B.Enough breave students C.Students brave enough D.Students enough brave |
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn):不定冠詞的用法
1 | 指一類人或事,相當(dāng)于a kind of | A plane is a machine that can fly. |
2 | 第一次提及某人某物,非特指 | A boy is waiting for you.有個(gè)男孩在等你。 |
3 | 表示“每一”相當(dāng)于every,one | We study eight hours a day. |
4 | 表示“相同”相當(dāng)于the same | We are nearly of an age. |
5 | 用于人名前,表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 | — Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A. 不填 That boy is rather a Lei Feng.(活雷鋒) |
6 | 用于固定詞組中 | a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time |
7 | 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 | This room is rather a big one. |
8 | 用于so(as, too, how)+形容詞之后 | She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. |
9 | 用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前 | success(抽象名詞)→a success(具體化) 成功的人或事
a failure 失敗的人或事
a pity a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知識(shí) |
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