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　　高一英語必修一第一單元試卷

　　一、基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試(每小題1分，滿分20分)

　　A. 單詞拼寫

　　1. Something is wrong with the e__________ of the car. It can’t start.

　　2. Marie Curie was the discoverer of r_________.

　　3. According to the t________ of relativity (相對(duì)論), nothing can travel faster than light.

　　4. After all his mathematical calculations, Copernicus drew a c__________ that the earth was not the center of the solar system.

　　5. I__________ she’d gone, I remembered her name.

　　6. In the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese ___________ (打敗) the Japanese invaders.

　　7. Shall he ________ (參加) the meeting to be held tomorrow?

　　8. Work on the new railway will be ___________ (完成) at the end of next year.

　　9. Our new offices are still under ____________ (建設(shè)).

　　10. They have found some evidences that are __________ (聯(lián)系) to this murder.

　　B. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換

　　11. A: From the facts John Snow concluded that polluted water carried the disease.

　　B: From the facts John Snow ________ _______ _______ that polluted water carried the disease.

　　12. A: He determined to find out why.

　　B: He __________ his __________ to find out why.

　　13. A: We will begin the work immediately.

　　B: We will begin the work ______ _______.

　　14. A: How will you deal with these letters?

　　B: What will you _____ _______these letters?

　　15. A: The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there.

　　B: Only if you put the sun there _______the movements of the other planets in the sky _______ sense.

　　C. 完成句子

　　16. He suggested that the machine ________ ________ (檢查) carefully before we used it.

　　17. She ______ _______ _______ (全神貫注于) reading, so she didn’t notice what was happening.

　　18. We ______ _______ (下決心) that this should never be allowed to happen again.

　　19. ______ _______ ________ (除…之外) Wang Hai, who will go there?

　　20. The teacher is popular with the students because he _______ ______ ______ ______ (對(duì)他們要求嚴(yán)格).

　　二、單項(xiàng)填空 (每小題1分，滿分15分)

　　21.Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _____ in the last ten minutes.

　　A. were won B. were lost

　　C. were beaten D. won

　　22. Usually children are allowed to ___________ when they are six years old.

　　A. attend school

　　B. attend the school

　　C. join school

　　D. join the school

　　23. Professor Hawking stepped into the office I knew that there was no hope.

　　A. Unless B. Now that

　　C. Although D. The moment

　　24. His failure in the experiment suggested that he ________ his teacher’s proper instructions.

　　A. should not have followed

　　B. should not follow

　　C. mustn’t have followed

　　D. hadn’t followed

　　25. I suggested that he _____ telephone the manager before he decided.

　　A. telephoned B. would telephone

　　C. telephone D. had to telephone

　　26. —I'm terribly sorry that I failed to win the game.

　　—You are not ________ for all you could do.

　　A. to blame B. pleased

　　C. right D. satisfied

　　27. Yang Liwei was surrounded by the audience ________ he stepped off the stage.

　　A. until B. through

　　C. now that D. immediately

　　28. Gathering clouds the coming storm.

　　A. declared B. turned out

　　C. connected D. announced

　　29. Seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents don’t know ______ it.

　　A. how to do

　　B. what to do

　　C. how to deal with

　　D. how to do with

　　30. — So hard ______ in the past few months that he has made great progress in English.

　　— I can see that; only a few mistakes ______ in the exam.

　　A. has he worked; did he make

　　B. he has worked; did he made

　　C. he has worked; he made

　　D. has he worked; he made

　　31. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________.

　　A. value B. sense

　　C. fun D. use

　　32. Only by shouting at the top of his voice .

　　A. he was able to make himself hear

　　B. he was able to make himself heard

　　C. was he able to make himself hear

　　D. was he able to make himself heard

　　33. Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind.

　　A. had hit B. did fall

　　C. was hit D. was fallen

　　34. Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, ________ the neighbors and the house ________ I used to be familiar with were gone.

　　A. only finding; which

　　B. only to find; that

　　C. only to find; whom

　　D. found; that

　　35. It’s quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth ____ and his eyes _____.

　　A. closing; open B. closed; opened

　　C. closing; opening D. closed; open

　　三、完形填空 (每小題1分，滿分20分)

　　閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從36-55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳答案。

　　A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.

　　He may have the 36 that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the 37 of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of 38 anything new because of their age.

　　A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 39 , because he feels that it 40 be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence(信心) necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may 41 he is doing so. He is 42 likely to fail, and the failure will 43 his belief in his incompetence(無能).

　　Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had 44 like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor 45 in maths. His teacher told his 46 he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 47 too much of him. In this way, they too 48 the idea. He accepted 49 mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to 50 , and was very poor at maths, 51 as they expected.

　　One day he worked out a problem which 52 of the other students had been able to solve.

　　Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now 53 with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at 54 . He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 55 himself as well as others by his ability.

　　36. A. belief B. way

　　C. fact D. condition

　　37. A. biggest B. most

　　C. higher D. deepest

　　38. A. teaching B. learning

　　C. accepting D. using

　　39. A. decision B. success

　　C. effort D. trouble

　　40. A. would B. should

　　C. must D. could

　　41. A. forget B. think

　　C. guess D. understand

　　42. A. truly B. really

　　C. however D. therefore

　　43. A. lead to B. strengthen

　　C. increase D. add to

　　44. A. an experience B. an expert

　　C. a thought D. a story

　　45. A. state B. mind

　　C. start D. ending

　　46. A. classmates B. friends

　　C. neighbours D. parents

　　47. A. blame B. expect

　　C. get D. win

　　48. A. developed B. organized

　　C. discovered D. found

　　49. A. a B. one

　　C. its D. the

　　50. A. manage B. succeed

　　C. try D. act

　　51. A. only B. almost

　　C. just D. then

　　52. A. none B. all

　　C. many D. most

　　53. A. lived B. worked

　　C. played D. graduated

　　54. A. lesson B. medicine

　　C. subjects D. maths

　　55. A. encourage B. love

　　C. astonish D. disappoint

　　四、閱讀理解 (每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C或D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)

　　A

　　Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What’s more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.

　　In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb(原子彈)—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.

　　Although he wasn’t connected with any accepted religion(宗教), Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know everything, but he is not hateful.”

　　56. From the passage we know that .

　　A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century

　　B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time

　　C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America

　　D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons

　　57. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would .

　　A. have continued his scientific research

　　B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics

　　C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U. S. A.

　　D. not have moved to the U. S. A.

　　58. Einstein in 1933.

　　A. visited England and the U. S. A.

　　B. lost everything

　　C. became a man without a country

　　D. both A and C

　　59. Einstein believed that everything in the universe .

　　A. was kept in order by its own law

　　B. had nothing to do with each other

　　C. happened in an irregular way

　　D. was made by the personal God

　　B

　　“That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London. He had been studying some germs(細(xì)菌)that he was growing on a plate. They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. Dr Fleming found that a mould(霉菌)had floated in through the window landing on the plate. It had killed some of the germs it had touched.

　　“This certainly looks promising.” Fleming said. “We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”

　　He named the strange mould “penicillin”. It proved to be a killer of many germs. Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected(注射)with penicillin. The twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. Hardly anybody took any notice of it.

　　In 1938 Dr Howard Florey, an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested. He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.

　　When World War II broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England. Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.

　　60. Dr Alexander Fleming .

　　A. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people

　　B. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses

　　C. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate

　　D. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better

　　61. Some of the germs on the plate .

　　A. had been killed by a mould floating in through the window

　　B. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to Fleming

　　C. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by Dr Alexander Fleming

　　D. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor

　　62. The reason why the twenty-five mice died was that .

　　A. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin

　　B. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment

　　C. they were easy to die in the experiment

　　D. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin

　　63. In 1938, an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming’s report and .

　　A. left England for America, making the drug

　　B. went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen

　　C. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings

　　D. went to America to make this drug for mice

　　64. The word “enormous” means .

　　A. 剩余的 B. 恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

　　C. 少許的 D. 巨大的

　　C

　　Einstein, a great scientist of the age, was almost as strange as his Theory of Relativity.

　　Once, while riding a street car in Berlin, he told the conductor that he had not given him the right change. The conductor counted the change again and found it to be correct, so he handed it to Einstein, saying, “The trouble with you is that you don’t know your figures.”

　　Einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his Theory of Relativity although a good many books had been written to explain it.

　　He had nothing but contempt(藐視)for the things most people set their hearts on—for fame and riches(財(cái)富)and luxury(奢華).

　　He didn’t want money or praise. He made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and playing the violin and sailing his boat. Einstein’s violin brought him more joy than anything else in life. He said that he often thought in music.

　　65. The conductor thought Einstein .

　　A. wasn’t good at maths

　　B. had good memory

　　C. was either mad or strange

　　D. liked to make trouble

　　66. Einstein meant that many people .

　　A. knew his Theory of Relativity well because they could explain it

　　B. had written to have grasped his theory correctly

　　C. pretended to have grasped his abstract theory

　　D. admired him very much

　　67. The underlined part “set…hearts on” means .

　　A. believe B. have

　　C. love D. hate

　　D

　　Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”. In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. At that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (變化過程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (發(fā)酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.

　　The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows’ milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (嬰兒腹瀉) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. This simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.

　　68. Pasteur became in 1854.

　　A. the chairperson of the science department at the University of Lille

　　B. the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Lille

　　C. the general manager of a large beer-making company

　　D. the president of the University of Lille

　　69. According to the passage, Lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century.

　　A. growing grain crops

　　B. making beer and wine

　　C. doing chemical research

　　D. producing various kinds of yeasts

　　70. In the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to .

　　A. wine and beer

　　B. food and drinks

　　C. the various yeasts

　　D. other organisms

　　71. We can infer from the passage that Pasteur’s discovery .

　　A. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food produts

　　B. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in Lille

　　C. has done a lot of good to children in the world

　　D. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the world

　　E

　　On the first day of class, Mr Whiteson gave us a lecture about a creature(生物) called cattytiger, a kind of cat-like animal that completely disappeared during the Ice Age. He passed round a skull (頭骨) as he talked, and we all felt interested and took notes while listening. Later, we had a test about that.

　　When he returned my paper, I was very, very surprised. There was a very large cross through each of my answers. And so it was with everyone else’s in our class. What had happened? Everyone was wondering and couldn’t wait to get the answer.

　　Very simple, Mr Whiteson explained. He had made up all that story about the cattytiger. There had never been such an animal. So why none of us noticed that and how could we expect good marks for the incorrect answers?

　　Needless to say, we got very angry. What kind of teacher was this?

　　We should have guessed it out, Mr Whiteson said. After all, at the very moment he was passing around the cattytiger skull (in fact, a cat’s), hadn’t he been telling us that it completely disappeared during the Ice Age? Clearly he was telling a lie. But we just kept busy making notes and none used his head. We should learn something from this. Teachers and textbooks are not always correct.

　　72. We failed in the test because we didn’t .

　　A. take notes while listening

　　B. show interest in what Mr Whiteson said

　　C. listen to the teacher carefully

　　D. think carefully

　　73. We got angry because .

　　A. Mr Whiteson didn’t tell us the truth about cattytiger

　　B. we failed in the test

　　C. we didn’t know why he played the joke on us

　　D. there was no cattytiger

　　74. Mr Whiteson gave us a special lesson .

　　A. to show his special way of teaching

　　B. to play a joke on us

　　C. to help us learn our lessons better

　　D. so that we would no longer believe him

　　75. Mr Whiteson meant that .

　　A. teachers couldn’t make any mistakes

　　B. textbooks might be wrong sometimes

　　C. we should speak up if we thought our teacher or the textbook was wrong

　　D. we shouldn’t believe our teachers because sometimes they might tell lies

　　五、書面表達(dá) (滿分15分)

　　隨著人們生活水平的提高，越來越多的人擁有了自己的汽車，你班同學(xué)就此展開了一次討論，提出兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)所提供的信息給報(bào)社寫一封信，客觀介紹這兩種看法。

　　贊同者認(rèn)為：

　　1.方便、快捷、舒適的交通工具;

　　2.反映出國(guó)民生活條件提高，國(guó)家富強(qiáng);

　　3.帶動(dòng)其他行業(yè)發(fā)展。

　　反對(duì)者認(rèn)為：

　　1.廢氣污染嚴(yán)重;

　　2.過多則影響交通，導(dǎo)致更多事故;

　　3.停車問題日益突出。

　　注意：1.信的開頭已給出;

　　2.詞數(shù)：100左右;

　　3.參考詞匯：方便的 convenient;交通 transportation

　　Dear editor，

　　I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether it is good or not for families to own cars.

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________

　　____________________________________

　　Yours truly,

　　Li Hua

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