在英語語法中，如果把位于動(dòng)詞放在在于前面，就叫倒裝句。關(guān)于英語倒裝句的語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)你還了解多少?下面由學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為大家提供關(guān)于高中英語倒裝句的語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，希望對(duì)大家有幫助!

　　倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn)一、講解

　　1.倒裝句的定義：英語最基本的詞序是主語在謂語動(dòng)詞的前面。

　　如果把謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語前面，就叫做倒裝。

　　3. 倒裝的原因

　　a) 句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。例如：

　　Did you attend the meeting? 你參加會(huì)議了嗎?

　　Long live peace! 和平萬歲!

　　b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：

　　Such were his last words. 他最后的話就是這樣。

　　c)強(qiáng)調(diào)的需要。倒裝以后，句子更加流暢生動(dòng)。例如：

　　Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。

　　Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我們前面有很多困難。

　　Often did we warn them not to do so. 我們?cè)啻尉嫠麄儾灰@樣做。

　　4. 倒裝句的基本用法

　　a) 構(gòu)成疑問句(除對(duì)主語或主語之定語提問的特殊疑問句外)：

　　When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我們什么時(shí)候喝你們的喜酒?

　　Have you seen the film? 你看了那部電影嗎?

　　b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副詞開頭的句子中:

　　Away went the crowd one by one. 人們一個(gè)一個(gè)地離去。

　　Here comes our teacher! 我們的老師來了!

　　c) 副詞only+狀語放在句首時(shí):

　　Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那時(shí)他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。

　　Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用這種方法你才能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)。

　　d) 含有否定意義的副詞或連詞(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首時(shí):

　　Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我沒有想到他竟能活著回來。

　　Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。

　　Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests.

　　火車剛一進(jìn)站，我們就跑到臥車那兒去找我們的客人。

　　e) 副詞so或 neither(nor)在句首:

　　He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他對(duì)流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。

　　He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他沒有去過農(nóng)村，他也不想去那里。

　　f) 在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首:

　　Thus ended his life. 這樣結(jié)束了他的生命。

　　So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him . 他講話的聲音那樣大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽得見。

　　2. so作“也”講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語序，例如：

　　He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看電影了，我也去了。

　　如不作“也”講而只起連詞作用，表示一種結(jié)果的意思，句子就要用正常語序。例如：

　　His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母親叫他去看電影，他就去了。

　　“He is a tall thin man.” “So he is.” “他又高又瘦。” “確實(shí)如此。”

　　3. 某些讓步狀語從句往往把表語提到主語前面或放在句首，以構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

　　No matter how interesting the book is，he doesn't like to read it.不管這本書多有趣，他都不想看。

　　However hard a solid may be，we can change its shape. 不管一個(gè)固體有多硬，我們都可以改變其形狀。

　　Young as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。

　　4. 在虛擬語氣中，如果非真實(shí)條件句省略if，須將主句中的were, had和should等助動(dòng)詞和主語顛倒形成部分倒裝。例如：

　　Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年輕一些，他就會(huì)去學(xué)溜冰。

　　Should they forget (= If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods

　　如果他們忘記帶一張地圖的話，他們就會(huì)在深林里迷路。

　　Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn’t have refused to

　　accept it. 假如他們認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)任務(wù)是多么重要的話，他們就不致于拒絕接受這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

　　倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn)二、構(gòu)成

　　倒裝句的構(gòu)成分為全部倒轉(zhuǎn)和部分倒裝

　　a、全部倒裝

　　全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有

　　1)here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語動(dòng)詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。

　　Theregoesthebell.

　　2)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首，謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。

　　Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.

　　注意上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

　　Herehecomes.

　　b、部分倒裝

　　部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語之前。

　　1)句首為否定或半否定的詞語，如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil…等。

　　NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.

　　Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

　　當(dāng)Notuntil引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

　　注意如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。

　　Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.

　　典型例題

　　1)WhycantIsmokehere?

　　Atnotime___inthemeeting-room

　　A.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermitted

　　C.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit

　　答案A.這是一個(gè)倒裝問題。當(dāng)否定詞語置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這些否定詞包括no,little,hardly,seldom,never,notonly,notuntil等。本題的正常語序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.

　　2)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.

　　A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didntmanknowD.didmanknow

　　答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我們知道為一倒裝句，答案在C，D中選一個(gè)。

　　改寫為正常語序?yàn)?，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.現(xiàn)在將not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。

　　以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

　　如Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…than

　　Not only did here fuse thegi ft,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.

　　Hardly had she gone out when a student came tovisither.

　　倒裝句知識(shí)點(diǎn)三、試題

　　1. My brother had a cold last week, _________.

　　A. so had I B. so did I

　　C. I had so D. so I had

　　2. Not until _________ home __________ his parents had been ill for three days.

　　A. he got; he knew B. did he get; he knew

　　C. he got; did he know D. did he get; did he know

　　3. In hardly any situation ________ find her sad.

　　A. that you can B. that can you

　　C. you can D. can you

　　4. Be quick! _________.

　　A. The bus comes here B. Here comes the bus

　　C. The bus here comes D. Here is the bus coming

　　5. In ________ and the lesson began.

　　A. the teacher came B. the teacher coming

　　C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come

　　6. On the wall _________ two large portraits.

　　A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging