八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)人教版知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
八年級(jí)需要記住的詞匯、句型和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)增加了。那么八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納有哪些呢?以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)人教版知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié),僅供參考。
人教版初中八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)單詞表
Unit 1
anyone ['eniwn] pron.任何人
anywhere ['eniwe(r)] adv.任何地方 n.任何(一個(gè))地方
wonderful ['wndfl] adj.精彩的;極好的
few [fju] adj.很少的; n.少量
most mst] adj.最多的;大多數(shù)的;
something ['smθ] pron.某事物;
nothing(=not…anything) ['nθ] pron.沒(méi)有什么 n.沒(méi)有
myself[ma'self] pron.我自己
everyone ['evriwn] pron.每人;人人
yourself [j'self] pron.你自己;你親自
hen [hen] n.母雞;雌禽
bored [bd] adj.無(wú)聊的;厭煩的;郁悶的
pig n.豬
diary ['dari] n.日記;日記簿(keep a diary)
seem [sim] vi.似乎;好像
someone ['smwn] pron.某人;有人
quite a few相當(dāng)多;不少(后接可數(shù)名詞)
of course [v ks] 當(dāng)然
sectionB
activity [k'tvti] n.活動(dòng);活躍
decide [d'sad] v.決定;選定(decide to do sth.)
try [tra] v.嘗試;設(shè)法;努力(try to do sth. /try doing sth.)
bird [bd] n.鳥(niǎo);禽
paragliding ['prɡlad] n.空中滑翔跳傘
bicycle ['baskl] n.自行車(chē)
building ['bld] n.建筑物
trader ['tred(r)] n.商人;商船
wonder ['wnd(r)] v.驚奇;想知道;懷疑
difference ['dfrns] n.差異;不同
top [tp] n.頂部;頂
wait [wet] v.等;等待 (wait for)
umbrella [m'brel] n.傘;雨傘
wet [wet] adj.濕的;雨天的
below [b'l] prep.低于;在 ... 下面 adv.在下面;
as[z] conj. 如同,像 ... 一樣
enough ['nf] adj.足夠的 adv.足夠地;充分地
duck [dk] n.鴨肉;鴨
hungry(反full) ['hɡri] adj.饑餓的;渴望的
feel like(doing sth.) 想要
dislike [ds'lak] v.不喜歡;厭惡 n.不喜愛(ài);厭惡;反感
because of 因?yàn)? 由于
have a good time=enjoy oneself =have fun(doing sth) 玩得痛快
Unit 2
housework ['haswk] n.家務(wù)勞動(dòng)
hardly ['hɑdli] adv.幾乎不;簡(jiǎn)直不;剛剛
ever ['ev(r) ] adv.曾經(jīng);在任何時(shí)候
once [wns] adv.一次;曾經(jīng)
twice [twas] adv.兩倍;兩次
Internet ['ntnet] n.因特網(wǎng)
program ['prɡrm] n.節(jié)目;程序;課程;節(jié)目單
full [fl] adj.滿(mǎn)的;充滿(mǎn)的;完全的
swing [sw] n.搖擺;秋千 v.搖擺;旋轉(zhuǎn)
maybe['mebi] adv.或許;也許;可能
swing dance搖擺舞 least [list] adj.最小的;最少的 at least至少
hardly ever很少;幾乎從不; 難得
junk n.垃圾;廢舊雜物
coffee ['kfi] n.咖啡;咖啡色
health [helθ] n.健康;人的身體或精神狀態(tài)
result [r'zlt] .結(jié)果;后果
percent [p'sent] adj.百分之 ... 的
online [n'lan] adj.在線(xiàn)的 adv.在線(xiàn)地
television ['telvn] n.電視機(jī);電視節(jié)目
although [l'] conj.雖然;盡管;然而;可是
through[θru] prep.穿過(guò);憑借;一直到
body ['bdi] n.身體
mind [mand] .頭腦;想法;意見(jiàn);心思
such [st] adj.這樣的;如此的
together [t'ɡe(r)] adv.共同;一起
die [da] v.死;枯竭;消失
writer ['rat(r)] n.作者;作家
dentist ['dentst] n.牙科醫(yī)生
magazine ['mɡzin] n.雜志
however [ha'ev(r)] adv.然而;無(wú)論如何;不管多么
than [n] conj.比
almost ['lmst] adv.幾乎;差不多
none [nn] pron.沒(méi)有人;沒(méi)有任何東西,毫無(wú)
less [les] adj.更少的;較少的
point [pnt] n.看法;要點(diǎn);重點(diǎn);小數(shù)點(diǎn);目標(biāo);分?jǐn)?shù)
such as例如;諸如
junk food n.垃圾食品;無(wú)營(yíng)養(yǎng)食品
more than超過(guò);多于;不僅僅;非常
less than不到; 少于
Unit 3
outgoing ['atɡ] adj.外向的
better ['bet(r)] adj.更好的;較好的 adv.更好地
loudly ladli] adv.大聲地;高聲地;花俏地
quietly ['kwatli] adv.安靜地;悄悄地;平靜地
hard-working [hɑd 'wk]adj.勤勉的;努力工作的
competition [kmp'tn] n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng);比賽
fantastic fn'tstk] adj.極好的;了不起的
which adj.哪一個(gè);哪一些 pron.哪一個(gè);哪些
clearly ['klli] adv.清楚地;顯然地
win [wn] v.贏(yíng);贏(yíng)得;獲勝;獲得 n.勝利
though conj.雖然;盡管;adv.不過(guò)
care about關(guān)心
talented ['tlntd] adj.有才能的;有天賦的
truly ['truli] adv.真實(shí)地;真誠(chéng)地;正確地
care [ke(r)] v.關(guān)心;擔(dān)憂(yōu);照顧;在乎
serious [ 'sris] adj.嚴(yán)肅的;嚴(yán)重的;莊重的
mirror ['mr(r)] n.鏡子;反映
necessary ['nessri] adj.必要的;必然的
both [bθ] adj.兩者都 pron.兩者
should [d] aux.應(yīng)該;可能;應(yīng)當(dāng);將要
touch [tt] vt.觸摸;感動(dòng)
reach [rit] v.到達(dá);伸出;達(dá)成;取得聯(lián)系;延伸去夠
heart[hɑt] n.心臟;內(nèi)心
fact [fkt] n.事實(shí);真相;實(shí)際
break[brek] v.打碎;折斷;違背;解決;中斷
laugh [lɑf] v.發(fā)笑;笑;嘲笑 n.笑聲;笑;笑料
similar ['sml(r)] adj.類(lèi)似的
share [e(r)] vt.分享,共享;分配;共有
loud [lad] adj.大聲的;adv.大聲地;響亮地
primary ['pramri] adj.最初的,最早的
be different from和 ... 不同
information [nf'men] n.信息;情報(bào);資料;通知
as long as只要
bring out拿出; 推出
the same as與 ... 同樣的
in fact事實(shí)上;實(shí)際上;確切地說(shuō)
be similar to類(lèi)似于; 與 ... 相似
Unit 4
theater ['θt] n.劇場(chǎng);電影院;戲院
comfortable ['kmftbl] adj.舒適的;充裕的
seat [sit] n.座位;
screen [skrin] n.屏幕;銀幕
close [kls] v.關(guān);合攏;不開(kāi)放;停業(yè)
worst [wst] adj.最壞的;最差的
cheaply ['tipli] adv.廉價(jià)地;粗俗地
song [s] n.歌曲;歌唱
choose [tuz] v.選擇;決定
carefull 'kefli] adv.小心地,認(rèn)真地
reporter r'pt(r)] n.記者
fresh [fre] adj.新鮮的;清新的
comfortably ['kmftbli] adv.舒服地;容易地;充裕地
worse [ws] adj.更壞的;更差的
service ['svs] n.服務(wù)
pretty ['prti] adv.相當(dāng)?shù)?adj.漂亮的
menu 'menju] n.菜單
act [kt] v.行動(dòng);表演
meal [mil] n.一餐;膳食 so far到目前為止;迄今為止
no problem沒(méi)什么;不客氣
creative [kri'etv] adj.創(chuàng)造的,創(chuàng)造性的;
performer[p'fm(r)] n.表演者;執(zhí)行者
talent['tlnt] n.天賦;才能,才藝;
common['kmn] adj.常見(jiàn)的;共同的;普通的
magician m'dn] n.魔術(shù)師;術(shù)士
beautifully ['bjutfli] adv.美麗地;完美地;
role[rl] n.作用;角色
winner ['wn(r)] n.獲勝者
prize[praz] n.獎(jiǎng)品;獎(jiǎng)金
everybody ['evribdi] pron.每人;人人
example[ɡ'zɑmpl] n.例子;榜樣
poor [p(r)] adj.可憐的;貧窮的
seriously['srisli] 嚴(yán)重地,嚴(yán)肅地
give [ɡv] v.給;贈(zèng)予;送
crowded ['kradd] adj.擁擠的
have…in common 有相同特征
all kinds of各種各樣;各種類(lèi)型
be up to是…….的職責(zé);由…….決定
play a role發(fā)揮作用;有影響 make up編造
for example例如 take…seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待
Unit 5
sitcom ['stkm] n.情景喜劇(=situation comedy)
news [njuz] n.新聞;消息
soap [sp] n.肥皂;肥皂劇
educational [edu'kenl] adj.教育的;有教育意義的
plan [pln] n.計(jì)劃;方法v.打算;計(jì)劃
hope [hp] .希望;期望;盼望 n.希望
discussion [d'skn] n.討論;談?wù)?/p>
stand [stnd] v.站立;忍受
happen ['hpn] vi.發(fā)生;碰巧;出現(xiàn);偶遇
may[ me] aux.可以,能夠;可能,也許
expect[k'spekt] v.預(yù)期;期待;盼望
joke [dk] n.笑話(huà);玩笑 v.說(shuō)笑話(huà);開(kāi)玩笑
comedy ['kmdi] n.喜劇;滑稽;幽默事件
find out查明、弄清
meaningless ['minls] adj.無(wú)意義的;不重要的
action ['kn] n.行為;活動(dòng)
cartoon kɑ'tun] n.卡通;漫畫(huà)
culture ['klt(r)] n.栽培;文化;教養(yǎng)
famous ['fems] adj.著名的;有名的
appear ['p(r)] vi.出現(xiàn);出版;顯得
become [b'km] v.變成;成為
rich [rt] adj.富有的;富饒的;豐富的
successful [sk'sesfl] adj.成功的;圓滿(mǎn)的
might [mat] aux.可能;也許;may的過(guò)去式
main [men] adj.主要的;最重要的
reason ['rizn] n.原因;理由
film [flm] n.電影
unlucky [n'lki] adj.倒霉的;不幸的;不吉利的
lose [luz] vt.丟失;失敗vi.失敗
ready ['redi] adj.準(zhǔn)備好的;樂(lè)意的
character ['krkt(r)] n.個(gè)性;品質(zhì);人物;
simple ['smpl] adj.簡(jiǎn)單的;樸素的;單純的;笨的
army ['ɑmi] n.軍隊(duì);陸軍;一大批
action movie動(dòng)作片
be ready to愿意迅速做某事
dress up裝扮;喬裝打扮
take sb.’s place代替;替換
do a good job 工作干得好;做得好
Unit 6
doctor ['dkt(r)]醫(yī)生
engineer [end'nr] 工程師
violinist [va'lnst]小提琴手
pilot ['palt] 飛行員
pianist ['pnst] 鋼琴家
scientist['santst]科學(xué)家
college ['kɑld] 大學(xué)
education [edu'ken] 教育
medicine ['medsn]藥,醫(yī)學(xué)
university [jun'vrsti] 大學(xué),高等學(xué)府
article ['ɑrtkl]文章,論文
send [send] 郵寄,發(fā)送
grow up 長(zhǎng)大 成長(zhǎng)
computer programmer 計(jì)算機(jī)管理員
be sure about 確信
make sure 確保
resolution [rez'lun] 決心,決定
foreign ['frn] 外國(guó)的
able [ebl] 能夠
discuss [dsks] 討論,商量
promise [prɑms] 承諾,諾言
beginning [bɡn] 開(kāi)頭,開(kāi)端
improve [mpruv] 改進(jìn),改善
physical ['fzkl]身體的
selfimprovement [selfmp'ruvmnt]自我改進(jìn),自我提高
hobby ['hɑbi] 業(yè)余愛(ài)好
own [on] 自己的,本人的,擁有
personal ['prsnl]個(gè)人的,私人的
relationship [r'lenp] 關(guān)系
write down 寫(xiě)下
have to do with關(guān)于;與……有關(guān)系
take up學(xué)著做;開(kāi)始做
agree with 同意
be able to 能夠做某事
Unit 7
paper['pepr] 紙
pollution [p'lun] 污染;污染物
prediction[pr'dkn]預(yù)測(cè)
future ['fjutr] 未來(lái)
pollute[p'lut] 污染
environment [n'varnmnt] 環(huán)境
planet ['plnt] 行星
earth[rθ] n.地球;泥土
plant [plnt] 種植,植物
part [pɑrt] 參加,部分
peace [pis]和平
sky[ska] 天空
play a part 參與
astronaut['strnt] 宇航員 apartment['pɑrtmnt] 公寓房間
rocket ['rɑkt] 火箭
space[spes] .空間;太空
even['ivn] 甚至;愈加
human ['hjumn] 人的; n.人;人類(lèi)
servant['srvnt] 仆人
dangerous ['dendrs] 危險(xiǎn)的
already[l'redi]已經(jīng)
factory['fktri] 工廠(chǎng)
believe [b'liv] 相信
disagree [ds'ɡri]不同意
shape [ep] 形狀
fall [fl] 倒塌;跌倒
possible ['pɑsbl] 可能的
probably ['prɑbbli] 大概;或許;很可能
holiday ['hɑlde] 假日
word [wrd] 單詞;
space station 太空站
over and over again 多次;反復(fù)地
hundreds of 許多 ;大量; 成百上千
fall down 突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌
look for 尋找;尋求
unit 8
blender['blendr] 攪拌器;果汁機(jī)
peel[pil] vt. 剝落;削皮
pour [pr] pour[pr] 倒;傾倒
yogurt['joɡrt] 酸奶;
honey ['hni]蜂蜜
watermelon ['wtrmeln]西瓜
spoon [spun] 勺,調(diào)羹
add[d] 增加
finally['fanli] 最后,最終
salt[slt] 鹽
sugar['ɡr] 糖
cheese[tiz] 干酪,奶酪
popcorn ['pɑpkrn] 爆米花
corn [krn] 玉米,谷物
machine[m'in] 機(jī)器
sandwich['snwt] 三明治
butter['btr] 黃油,奶油
turkey ['trki]火雞
lettuce ['lets] 萵苣,生菜
piece[pis] 件;篇;片;塊;
traditional [tr'dnl] 傳統(tǒng)的
traveler ['trvl] 旅行者
England['ɡlnd] 英格蘭;英國(guó) celebrate['selbret] 慶祝;慶賀
pepper ['pepr] 胡椒粉;辣椒
oven['vn] 烤箱;烤爐
cover['kvr] 遮蓋,蓋子
gravy['ɡrevi] 肉汁;肉湯
serve[srv] 接待,服務(wù)
temperature ['temprtr] 溫度,氣候
Unit 9
prepare [pr'per]v.預(yù)備;準(zhǔn)備
exam[ɡ'zm] 考試
available['velbl] 可得到的;有空的;
hang[h] 懸掛;(使)低垂
until[n'tl] 直到 ... 的時(shí)候;直到…為止
catch[kt] 趕上;抓住;捕捉
invite [n'vat] 邀請(qǐng)
accept[k'sept] 接受;
refuse [r'fjuz] 拒絕
invitation [nv'ten] 邀請(qǐng);邀請(qǐng)函
reply [r'pla] 回答,回復(fù)
forward['frwrd] 轉(zhuǎn)交;發(fā)送,向前的
delete [d'lit] 刪除
preparation [prep'ren]準(zhǔn)備,準(zhǔn)備工作
opening['opn]開(kāi)幕式,落成典禮
guest[ɡest] 客人
concert ['kɑnsrt] 音樂(lè)會(huì)
headmaster[hed'mstr] 校長(zhǎng)
event['vent] 大事,公開(kāi)活動(dòng)
calendar['klndr] 日歷,日程表
unit 10
video ['vdio] 錄像,錄像帶
organize['rɡnaz] 組織,籌備
chocolate ['tɑklt]巧克力
upset[p'set]難過(guò),失望
advice[d'vas]勸告,建議
travel['trvl] 旅行
agent['ednt] 代理人,經(jīng)紀(jì)人
expert ['eksprt]專(zhuān)家,能手
teenager ['tined] 青少年
normal['nrml]正常的
unless[n'les] 除非,如果不
certainly ['srtnli] 當(dāng)然,肯定
wallet['wɑlt] 皮夾,錢(qián)包
worried ['wrid] 擔(dān)心的,煩惱的
angry ['ɡri] 生氣的,發(fā)怒的
careless ['kerls] 粗心的,不小心的
understanding [ndr'stnd]善解人意的,體諒人的
trust[trst] 相信,信任
mistake[m'stek] 錯(cuò)誤,失誤
careful['kerfl] 小心的,細(xì)致的
advise [d'vaz] v勸告,建議
solve [sɑlv] 解決;解答
experience [k'sprins] 信任, 經(jīng)歷
halfway [hf'we] 中途的adv.半路地
else[els] 別的,其他的
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)總結(jié)
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
不定代詞:不指名代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。
用法注意:
1. some 和any +可數(shù)名/不可數(shù)名。
some 多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件從句 。有些問(wèn)句中用some,不用any, 問(wèn)話(huà)者希望得到對(duì)方肯定回答。
2. 由some, any, no, every 與 body, one, thing構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用三單。
3. 不定代詞若有定語(yǔ)修飾,該定語(yǔ)要置于其后:如:something interesting
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 為某人買(mǎi)某物
2. taste + adj. 嘗起來(lái)……
3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都沒(méi)有
4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起來(lái)
5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達(dá)某地
6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事
7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡力做某事
8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事
9. want to do sth. 想去做某事
10. start doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事=begin doing sth.
11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 區(qū)分:stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事
12. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事
14. so + adj + that + 從句 如此……以至于……
16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人(不要) 做某事
17. keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】
1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照
quite a few+名詞復(fù)數(shù) “許多…”
2. seem + 形容詞 看起來(lái)…... You seem happy today.
seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a cold
It seems + 從句 似乎..…. It seems that no one believe you.
seem like ... 好像,似乎….. It seems like a good idea.
3. arrive in +大地點(diǎn)= get to= reach+地點(diǎn)名 “到達(dá)......”
arrive at +小地點(diǎn)
(注:若后跟地點(diǎn)副詞here/there/home, 介詞需省略,如:arrive here; get home)
4. feel like sth 感覺(jué)像…
feel doing sth. 想要做某事
5. wonder(想知道)+疑問(wèn)詞(who, what, why)引導(dǎo)的從句。
6. because of +名/代/V-ing
because+從句
He can’t take a walk because of the rain.
I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.
7. enough +名詞 足夠的…...
形容詞/副詞+enough
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
1. 頻率副詞: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
頻率副詞在句中通常放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前, be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后。常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中。
2.“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法
一次 once, 兩次twice,三次或三次以上:基數(shù)詞+ times, 如:three times, five times,
3. how often“多久一次”問(wèn)頻率,回答常含有頻率詞組或短語(yǔ)。
常見(jiàn)的how疑問(wèn)詞:
1)How soon 多久(以后)
—How soon will he be back?他多久能回來(lái)?
—He will be back in a month. 他一個(gè)月后能回來(lái)。
2)how long “多久”
—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打掃房子用了多久?
—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打掃這房子用了半小時(shí)。
3)How many+名復(fù)
How much+不可名
“多少” 問(wèn)數(shù)量(how much 還可問(wèn)價(jià)格)
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after = take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng)
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣
8. take more exercise 做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)
9. the same as 與什么相同
10. be different from 不同
11. once a month一月一次
12. twice a week一周兩次
13.make a difference to 對(duì)......有影響/作用
14. most of the students=most students
15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購(gòu)物
16. be good for 對(duì)......有益
17. be bad for 對(duì)......有害
18. come home from school放學(xué)回家
19. of course = certainly = sure 當(dāng)然
20. get good grades 取得好成績(jī)
21. keep/be in good health 保持健康
22. take a vacation 去度假
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】
1. maybe / may be
maybe 是副詞,意為“大概, 可能,或許”,一般用于句首。May be是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,意為“可能是...,也許是...,大概是...”.
The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.
The woman may be a teacher.
2. a few / few / a little / little
People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.
There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.
Could you give me a little milk?
3. hard / hardly
hard作形容詞,意為“困難的,艱苦的,硬的”;作副詞,意為“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly為副詞,意為“幾乎不”。
The ground is too hard to dig.
I can hardly understand them.
It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是“至于;關(guān)于”,+名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式(即動(dòng)名詞)。
如:As for him,I never want to see him here.
至于他,我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見(jiàn)到。
As for the story,you'd better not believe it.
關(guān)于那故事,你最好不要相信。
5. That sounds interesting.
這是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)),look(看起來(lái)),smell(聞起來(lái)),taste(嘗起來(lái)),feel(覺(jué)得),seem(好象),grow(變得),get(變得)等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如:
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來(lái)越濃了。
6. percent 名詞,意為“百分之……”
百分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法:基數(shù)+ percent (不用復(fù)數(shù)形式),percent做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)其后面的名詞來(lái)確定。
50%:fifty percent 百分之五十
Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的蘋(píng)果都?jí)牧恕?/p>
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱
7. not… at all 意為“一點(diǎn)也不”,not應(yīng)放在be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞之后。
The story isn’t interesting at all. 那個(gè)故事一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有趣。
8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。
It is interesting to play computer games. 玩電腦很有趣。
9. take, spend, pay
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意為“花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間來(lái)做某事”。
人(sb.) spend 時(shí)間/錢(qián) on sth. “買(mǎi)某物花了……錢(qián)”。
人(sb.) spend 時(shí)間/錢(qián) (in) doing“花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間來(lái)做某事”。
pay 的主語(yǔ)必須是人,而“花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物”為pay...for...
10. however 副詞,意為“然而,可是”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,可放在句首、句中、句末。
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
1. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)
(1)形容詞和副詞的原形就是原級(jí)
(2)比較級(jí),表示較……或更……
(3)最高級(jí), 表示最...。
2. 比較級(jí)句型:
(1)A + be動(dòng)詞+形容詞的比較級(jí)+than +B “A比B更……”(注意:A與B必須是同級(jí)的,即必須是人與人,物與物進(jìn)行對(duì)比)
(2)“A+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+ than + B”表示“A比B…”
(3)比較A ,B兩人/兩事物問(wèn)其中哪一個(gè)較…...時(shí)用句型:
“Who/which +謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+ adj./adv.比較級(jí),A or B ?”
Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?
3. 比較級(jí)的特殊用法
(1)“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”,意為“越來(lái)越”。多音節(jié)比較級(jí)用“more and more+原級(jí)”
(2)“the+比較級(jí)(…), the+比較級(jí)(…)”意思是:”越…越…”The more, the better.
(3)主+ is + the 形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+名復(fù) “主語(yǔ)是兩者中較......的”
4. 兩者在某一方面相同:A+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+as+ adj./adv.原級(jí)+ as+ B.
Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表示兩者在某一方面不及另一方時(shí),用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as”
I am not as tall as my sister.
5. 形容詞,副詞比較級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)需要表示一方超過(guò)另一方的程度時(shí),可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等來(lái)修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。注意: 比較級(jí)不能用very, so, too, quite等修飾。
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. more outgoing 更外向/更開(kāi)朗
2. as...as...與…… 一樣
3. the singing competition 歌詠比賽
4. the most important 最重要的
5. be talented in music 在音樂(lè)方面有天賦
6. the same as 與……相同
7. care about 關(guān)心/留意/關(guān)注
8. be different from 與…...不同
9. be like a mirror 像一面鏡子
10. as long as 只要;與…...一樣長(zhǎng)
11. bring out 顯示/顯出
12. get better grades 取得更好的成績(jī)
13. reach for 伸手達(dá)到/達(dá)到
14. touch one’s heart 感動(dòng)
15. in fact 事實(shí)上
16. make friends 交朋友
17. be good at 在某方面成績(jī)好
18. the other 另一個(gè)
19. be similar to 與…相似
20. be good with 與…和睦相處
21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得開(kāi)心
have fun doing sth 做某事很開(kāi)心
22. do the same things as me. 做和我一樣的事情
23. It’s+adj+(for sb.)to do sth. “做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))是...的 ”
24 make friends with sb. 與某人交朋友
25. as long as 只要;既然,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】
1. be good at=do well in ,其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞,表示擅長(zhǎng)......
2. care about 關(guān)心
care for 關(guān)愛(ài)
take care (當(dāng)/小心)
take care of (照顧)=look after
3. make sb. do sth. : 讓(使)某人做某事(make后跟不帶to的不定式)
His father always make me get up before five o'clock.
make sb. +形容詞:使某人保持某種狀態(tài)
My friends always make me happy.
4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.
look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.
5. That’s why+句子:那就是…的原因/那就是為什么…
That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的原因。
6. be different from 與……不同
反:be the same as 與…… 相同
7. though
① adv. 不過(guò);可是;然而(句末補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明使語(yǔ)氣減弱)
② conj. 雖然;盡管=although,與but 不能同時(shí)用在一個(gè)句子中
He said he would come. He didn’t, though. 他說(shuō)他要來(lái),可是并沒(méi)有來(lái)。
Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.
盡管他已經(jīng)去世很多年了,但很多人仍然記得他。
8. get better grades 取得更好的成績(jī)
9. does(助動(dòng)詞do/did),為了避免重復(fù),可代替上文出現(xiàn)過(guò)的實(shí)意動(dòng)詞。
10. be good with sb. 與某人相處得好
Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
1. 形容詞最高級(jí): 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比較。
標(biāo)志詞:表比較范圍時(shí)用in/of
形容詞最高級(jí)前須加定冠詞the,副詞最高級(jí)前可省略the。
2. 表示“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型
1)A + be + the 形容詞最高級(jí) + 表示范圍(in/of介詞短語(yǔ))
2)A + 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞 + (the) 副詞最高級(jí) + 表示范圍的of/in介詞短語(yǔ)
3. 常用句式
1) Who/ Which…+ 最高級(jí)…, A, B or C ?
2) one of +the +形容詞最高級(jí) +名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式, 意為“最…之一”。
3)序數(shù)詞后跟形容詞最高級(jí)
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. so far 到目前為止,迄今為止
2. no problem 沒(méi)什么,別客氣
3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、興趣等方面)相同
4. be up to 由…...決定/是…...的職責(zé)
5. all kinds of … 各種各樣的……
6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 發(fā)揮作用,有影響
7. make up 編造(故事、謊言等)
8. for example=e.g. 例如
9. take …..seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待
10. not everybody 并不是每個(gè)人
11. close to 離..….近
12. more and more 越來(lái)越……
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】
1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你認(rèn)為…怎么樣?”
2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感謝…”
3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客氣
4. talent 名(可)天賦
talent show 才藝表演
talented adj. 有天賦的
be talented in 在......方面有天賦
5. be good at 擅長(zhǎng)… (= do well in)
反義短語(yǔ):be poor / weak in 在...方面薄弱
be good for 對(duì)……有益,后跟人或事物;其反義短語(yǔ)是be bad for
be good to 對(duì)……好(和善;慈愛(ài)),相當(dāng)于 be friendly to,后面通常接人
6. all kinds of 各種各樣的
different kinds of 不同種類(lèi)的
a kind of 一種…...
__ kind of 有點(diǎn)+ adj.: kind of boring / fat /thin
7. win vt. 贏(yíng)得+獎(jiǎng)品 winner n. 贏(yíng)者
8. watch sb. do sth. 觀(guān)看某人做了某事
watch doing sth. 觀(guān)看某人正在做某事
9. 舉例:such as 常列舉幾個(gè)例子,不能窮盡,可和and so on(等等)連用;like可和such as互換;for example 一般只列舉一個(gè),作插入語(yǔ)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi),可置于句首/句中/句末。
Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
1. 詢(xún)問(wèn)某人對(duì)某物的觀(guān)點(diǎn)及看法:What do you think of …?=How do you like…?
2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…
3. 復(fù)習(xí)鞏固一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài):主語(yǔ)+V+其他;主語(yǔ)(三單)+V(三單)+其他)
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. find out 查出/發(fā)現(xiàn)
2. be ready to do 準(zhǔn)備做…
3. dress up 打扮/化妝成
4. take one's place 代替某人
5. do a good job 干的好/表演的出色
6. think of 想到/思考
7. game show 游戲節(jié)目
8. learn from 向…...學(xué)習(xí)
9. talk show 訪(fǎng)談節(jié)目
10. soap opera 肥皂劇
11. go on 繼續(xù)
12. watch a movie 看電影
13. one of… 其中之一
14. try one’s best to =do one’s best to 竭盡全力
15. a pair of 一雙
16. as famous as 一樣聞名/出名
17. look like 看起來(lái)像
18. around the world 世界各地
19. have a discussion about 討論…...
20. one day 有一天/某一天
21. such as 例如
22. a symbol of 一個(gè)象征/標(biāo)志
23. something enjoyable 快樂(lè)的事情
24. interesting information 有趣的信息
【詞語(yǔ)辨析】
1. want + n 想要……
want to do sth 想要做某事
want sb to do sth 想讓某人做某事……
2. mind 介意,其后+名詞/代詞/V-ing
3. stand
1)“站, 站立” e.g. Stand up! 起立
2) “忍受” (多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句) , 后可+名/代/V-ing
4. plan vt. & vi.計(jì)劃, 打算,plan to do sth.
plan 還可作名詞,如:make plans 制定計(jì)劃
5. v. discuss (討論) + ion→ n. discussion
had a discussion about sth. 對(duì)某事進(jìn)行討論
6. happen v. 發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn)
sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)”句式
7. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
may 語(yǔ)氣弱于can,意為“可能”
might 表推測(cè),語(yǔ)氣最弱,意為“可能”
may/might not 表示否定推測(cè)時(shí)語(yǔ)氣最弱,意為“可能不”
They may not be very exciting. 它們可能不是那么令人興奮。
8. expect to do sth. 期盼做某事
hope to do sth: 希望干某事
很多動(dòng)詞后面都可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ),如:
want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask
9. be famous as 作為……而出名
be famous for sth. 因?yàn)?.....而出名
10. one of… 后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示…之一。 其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜歡的電影之一是憨豆先生。
11. show n. 節(jié)目 TV shows/ talent shows;v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.
Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.
【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)/短語(yǔ)用法解析】
1. want to be/become + (職業(yè))名詞 :“想要成為…..”
I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.
2. write stories 寫(xiě)故事
tell stories 講故事
3. keep on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事(表動(dòng)作的反復(fù))
keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù))
4. be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”
Are you sure about that?
make sure (that)+從句“…...確保...…”
Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.
5. learn sth. We must learn English every day.
learn to do sth. I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.
6. discuss v. 討論;商量 名詞是discussion
discuss with sb. 與某人討論 :
Discuss this question with your partner.
Let’s discuss this problem. 讓我們討論一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
All we need now is action, not discussion. 我們現(xiàn)在需要的是行動(dòng),不是討論。
7. be able to do sth. 能夠做某事
(1)can : can+動(dòng)詞原形,無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí),不能用于將來(lái)時(shí)。
be able to + 動(dòng)詞原形,有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)。
(2)can 常指客觀(guān)上能夠;be able to 更側(cè)重于經(jīng)過(guò)努力、克服一定困難有能力做成某事。
He will be able to(能夠) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)
8. promise n. 承諾;諾言 v. 許諾;承諾;答應(yīng)
make a promise(to sb) (對(duì)某人)許下諾言
keep a promise 遵守諾言
break a promise 違背諾言
promise (sb) to do sth. 許諾某人干某事
promise (sb) +that 從句
He promised to help me. 他許諾過(guò)要幫助我。
I promised that I study hard from now on. 我承諾從現(xiàn)在起努力學(xué)習(xí)。
9. have to do with 關(guān)于;與……有關(guān)系
The book has to do with computers. 那本書(shū)與計(jì)算機(jī)有關(guān)。
10. take up sth./doing sth.(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做;開(kāi)始做
I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我將要學(xué)煮飯。
11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.
too+形容詞/副詞 to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示“太…...而不能...…”如:
The kid is too young to play this game. 這個(gè)小孩太小,不能玩這個(gè)游戲。
12. one’s own +名詞 “某人自己的東西”, 強(qiáng)調(diào)某物為個(gè)人所有
my own book 我自己的書(shū)本
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
一般將來(lái)時(shí)“am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 基本形式
否定式:am/is/are not going to +動(dòng)詞原形
一般疑問(wèn)式:am/is/are +主語(yǔ)+ going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他?
特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)式?
He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在倫敦度假。
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那烏云,快要下雨了。
Is he going to collect any data for us? 他會(huì)幫我們收集數(shù)據(jù)嗎?
What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什么?
2. 基本用法
(1)表示事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮、安排好打算、計(jì)劃要做某事。
Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon.
今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇。
(2)表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷,某事非常有可能發(fā)生,表示推測(cè)。
Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
瞧!烏云密集。天要下雨了。
Unit7 Will people have robots?
【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)/短語(yǔ)用法解析】
1. many+可數(shù)名詞 許多......much +不可數(shù)名詞 許多......
2. live to be+基數(shù)詞 + years old“活到...…歲”
3. be in great danger 處在極大的危險(xiǎn)中
4. play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 參與某事/做某事Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
5. help (sb.) with sth. 幫助(某人)做某事He often helps me with my English. help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助(某人)做…… He often helps me study English.help oneself ( to ) 自用(食物等) Help yourself to the fish. 請(qǐng)隨便吃魚(yú)
6. the same as… 和……一樣...... 反義短語(yǔ):be different from
7. It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花了……時(shí)間做某事(時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況決定) It takes me an hour to get to my office. spend time/money on sth. 在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢(qián))sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢(qián))做某事。I spent two hours on this math problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我個(gè)小時(shí)。They spent two years building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。
8. hundreds of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 許多/大量...... 數(shù)詞+hundred + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 幾百......類(lèi)似的數(shù)詞還有thousand(千) , million(萬(wàn))There are four hundred students in our grade.There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.
9. during 在…期間 during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend
10. the meaning of …...的意思Can you tell me the meaning of the words?
Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)/短語(yǔ)用法解析】1. cut是“切, 割”的意思,過(guò)去式為cut。cut up 意為“切碎”Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up. Cut it /them up.
2. turn on 打開(kāi), 接通(電流、煤氣、水等) turn off 關(guān)掉, 截?cái)?電流、煤氣、水等)turn up 開(kāi)大, 調(diào)高(音量、熱量等) turn down 調(diào)低, 關(guān)小(音量、熱量等)
3. one more thing 另外一件事情 another ten minutes 再多十分鐘數(shù)字+ more + 物品 指“另外的……another + 數(shù)字 + 物品 指“另外的……當(dāng)數(shù)字為one時(shí),常與more連用或只用 another。Give me two more hamburgers?another two hamburgers
4. forget to do sth. 忘記(去)做某事forget doing sth. 忘記已做過(guò)某事。
5. It’s a time (for sb). to do sth. 該是(某人)做某事的時(shí)期了It’s time (for sb.)to do sth. =It’s time for sth. 該是(某人)做某事的時(shí)間了。It’s a time for you to study English.It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)
6. give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”We should give thanks for our parents.He gave thanks for life and food.
7. Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.by +sth./doing :1)以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.2)在...…的旁邊 I am sitting by the pool. 3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00. 4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.
8. Here is +名單(賓語(yǔ)) “這是…” 是倒裝句Here is a photo of my family.Here are+名復(fù) Here are some English books.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),要用順裝。如:Here you are.(對(duì)) Here are you.(錯(cuò))
9. fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...裝滿(mǎn) (強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)be full of“裝滿(mǎn)…”(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))I filled the cup with the milk. The cup is full of the milk.
10. put…in(into)… 把…...放到...… 里
11. cover…with… 用…...覆蓋
12. cut …into 把…...切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.cut up… 切碎
13. serve v. 服務(wù) n. serviceserve +名/代 “提供…” The shop serves nice food.serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.
Unit9 Can you come to my party?
【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)/短語(yǔ)用法解析】1. one…another… 表示不確定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)one…the other… 表示兩者中的另一個(gè)I don't like this one, can you show me another?I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a manager.
some…others… 表示沒(méi)有范圍限定的“一些…...另一些...…”some…the others… 表示某一范圍的“一些...…其余的…...” Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.Some go to school by bike and the others go to school by bus.
2. invite v. 邀請(qǐng) n. invitationinvite sb. to do sth.“邀請(qǐng)某人干某事” invite sb. to+地點(diǎn)名詞1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.2) Thanks a lot for your invitation3) Thanks for inviting me to your party.
3.(1)What’s the date today? 意為“今天是幾月幾號(hào)?” It’s +月+日。(2)What day is it today? 意為“今天是星期幾?”It’s + 星期幾。—What’s the date? —It’s September 10th.—What day is it today? — It’s Wednesday.
4. have a lesson(class) 上課have an English lesson
5. prepare v. 準(zhǔn)備 n. preparationprepare sth. “準(zhǔn)備某物”,所準(zhǔn)備的東西就是后面的賓語(yǔ)。prepare for sth. “為……做準(zhǔn)備”,指為后面的賓語(yǔ)做準(zhǔn)備prepare to do sth. “準(zhǔn)備做某事”
6. bring...to…“帶來(lái)”把某物從別的地方帶到說(shuō)話(huà)人的地方take…to …“帶去”把某物從說(shuō)話(huà)的地方帶到別處去。(兩者方向相反)Bring your homework here, and take the book away.把你的作業(yè)拿過(guò)來(lái),把這本書(shū)帶走。
7. without(介詞)沒(méi)有 反義詞:with“具有”We can’t live without water. Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.
8. so that +從句: 以便于;目的是 I study hard so that I can get good grades.
9. surprise n. 驚奇 surprised adj. 感到驚奇的(指人)surprising adj. 令人驚奇的(指物)be surprised at sth.“驚奇于某事” to one’s surprise “令某人驚奇的是”① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我對(duì)這個(gè)令人驚訝的消息感到很吃驚。② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我驚奇的是,他一聲不響地離開(kāi)了。
10. look forward to (介詞)+名/代/V-ingI look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答復(fù)。I look forward to seeing you again.
11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的來(lái)信。I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.
12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.
13. how to do that. “該怎么做” ,疑問(wèn)詞+to do sth常用來(lái)做賓語(yǔ)I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.I don’t know what to do.
14. at the end of “在…末尾” Now, it is at the end of 2014. 反義短語(yǔ):at the beginning of “ 在…開(kāi)始”
15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高興/難過(guò)做某事 I am glad to see you.
16. reply to sb./sth.“回復(fù)…”Reply in writing to the invitation “以寫(xiě)信形式回復(fù)這份邀請(qǐng)函”
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】一. 表示邀請(qǐng)的句型
1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?接受:Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.拒絕::① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陳述理由 )② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由) 3.I’m afraid not. I…(理由)
二. must與have to
1. must 表示主觀(guān)“必須”;must 表示“主觀(guān)上的要求”,無(wú)人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.2. have to表客觀(guān)需要,有人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)變化,否: don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to (沒(méi)必要)—Must I be home before eight o’clock? 8點(diǎn)之前我必須回家嗎?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to.
Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!【重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)/短語(yǔ)用法解析】
1. have a great time 意為“玩得愉快”,=enjoy oneself, have fun, have a good / wonderful / nice timehave a great / good time in (doing) sth. 做某事很開(kāi)心
2. ask sb.(not)to do sth. 要求某人(不)做某事The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.
3. order sth. from +地點(diǎn)“從某地訂購(gòu)食物”I want to order some books from the book store.
4. keep…to oneself 保守秘密
5. unless conj. 除非;如果不 unless 引導(dǎo)的條件句表示在特定條件下,才決定做或不做一件事。=if...notThe concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon.
6. be afraid to do sth. 害怕干某事 I’m afraid to speak in front of other people.be afraid of sth. 害怕某事 He told me not to be afraid of difficulties. be afraid +that從句I’m afraid that I can’t finish on time 7. be angry with sb.We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.be angry at/about sth.He is angry at/about your answer. I was very angry at what he said.
8. in the end 最后;終于= at last/ finallyat the end of 在...末端;到...盡頭He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally. The school is at the end of the street.
9. careless adj. 粗心的;反義詞:careful, 意為“小心的”。The boy is very careless. 這個(gè)男孩很粗心。He is more careful than me. 他比我認(rèn)真。
10. advise v.“勸告;建議”n. advice, 是不可數(shù)名詞.Give me some advice!advise doing sth. 建議做某事。advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建議某人(不)做某事I advise waiting till the right time. 我建議等到適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候。I advise him not to sleep late every day. 我建議他不要每天睡懶覺(jué)。
11. It’s best (not) to do sth. 最好(不)做某事It’s best to speak English every day.
12. run away from“ 從…逃離” “逃避”
13. cut …in half “切成兩半”
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】if條件句
if條件句:條件句用于陳述語(yǔ)氣,表示假設(shè)的情況可能發(fā)生,其中 if 是“如果”的意思,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句則用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。
注意:在與if條件句連用的主句中我們一般用will 表示將來(lái)時(shí),而不用be going to 表示將來(lái)時(shí)。
PS:在when(當(dāng)…時(shí)候), after, before 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果主句為一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)(主將從現(xiàn))。如:I will call you when I reach Canada. 我一到加拿大就給你打電話(huà)。
初二英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法指導(dǎo)
課堂學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的重要環(huán)節(jié),是學(xué)生能否學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵所在。怎樣才能提高學(xué)生上英語(yǔ)課的效率呢?
對(duì)于聽(tīng)講,同學(xué)們必須有一個(gè)目標(biāo),就是向課堂45分鐘要效率,首先,上課鈴響后,必須盡快進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài),不要再對(duì)課間的事有所留戀。好的聽(tīng)課方法要求大家充分調(diào)動(dòng)一切感官,做到眼、耳、心、手并用。用眼即發(fā)展注意和觀(guān)察能力,看清老師上課的實(shí)物、圖片及手勢(shì),表情、板書(shū)等。從而領(lǐng)會(huì)老師講授的內(nèi)容。用耳、用心就是要培養(yǎng)聽(tīng)力、思維和記憶能力,它需要同學(xué)們開(kāi)動(dòng)思維器官,聽(tīng)清并思索老師使用的課堂用語(yǔ)、錄音和講解的語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn),從而理解所學(xué)內(nèi)容,記住該記的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)然,處理好聽(tīng)與記的關(guān)系也很重要:我們既要記下老師的講課重點(diǎn),概括性的板書(shū)及一些補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容,又不可因筆記而影響看、聽(tīng)和想。為此,我們必須做到:
1.專(zhuān)心上課,有心識(shí)記
上課是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主渠道,而學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵是盡一切努力將所學(xué)的東西記住,需要時(shí)能運(yùn)用自如。因此,上課時(shí)應(yīng)高度集中注意力.盡量做到五到,即心到、眼到、耳到、口到、手到。應(yīng)培養(yǎng)瞬間記憶能力,強(qiáng)化“有意注意”,爭(zhēng)取就在課內(nèi)有目標(biāo)、有意識(shí)地去識(shí)記該課的生詞、短語(yǔ)、句型、重點(diǎn)句子。當(dāng)接觸到該記憶的內(nèi)容時(shí),應(yīng)通過(guò)眼看、耳聽(tīng)、口念,將其迅速輸入到記憶中樞,然后再?gòu)?fù)現(xiàn)出它的形象。在復(fù)現(xiàn)時(shí)快速用手指在桌上劃出這個(gè)單詞,或一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句中最難記的或最重要的單飼,強(qiáng)迫自己在課內(nèi)就能記住這節(jié)課最重要的東西。這樣,使自己真正有著“這節(jié)課確實(shí)學(xué)到不少東西”的踏實(shí)感、成功感,進(jìn)而激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),提高興趣,更有信心地去繼續(xù)今后的學(xué)習(xí)。
2.勤記筆記,鞏固記憶
課內(nèi)扼要記筆記可以幫助集中注意力,理順?biāo)悸?,增進(jìn)記憶,鍛煉分析歸納、綜合概括以及快速反應(yīng)能力。俗話(huà)說(shuō)“好記性不如爛筆頭”。筆記也為日后復(fù)習(xí)提
供一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)記憶綱要。要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)離不開(kāi)泛讀。進(jìn)行課外閱讀時(shí)也應(yīng)扼要記些筆記,做些索引、摘錄等,這對(duì)加深理解、鞏固、積累知識(shí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)能力大有好處。
學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ),就是學(xué)會(huì)用英語(yǔ)做事,同學(xué)們要想提高自己的口頭交際能力,課上就要積極發(fā)言,主動(dòng)進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá),參與對(duì)話(huà)表演。課堂上對(duì)話(huà)練習(xí)的時(shí)間應(yīng)該充分把握,大聲地與同伴練習(xí),不要怕別人笑話(huà)。聽(tīng)力是在日積月累地不斷聽(tīng)不同的人“說(shuō)英語(yǔ)”而提高的。上課時(shí),聽(tīng)老師說(shuō),聽(tīng)錄音材料說(shuō),還有就是聽(tīng)其他同學(xué)說(shuō)。這樣,不但注意力高度集中了,同時(shí),觀(guān)察、思維和記憶能力也得到了加強(qiáng)。久而久之,便養(yǎng)成了一種積極主動(dòng)的聽(tīng)課習(xí)慣,效率也隨之提高。
積累學(xué)習(xí)法。
語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)就是一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)累積的過(guò)程。語(yǔ)音,詞匯和語(yǔ)法是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的三大要素。
語(yǔ)音的提高要靠模仿,上課時(shí)模仿老師,也要在課后模仿錄音材料。學(xué)生們?cè)诟x時(shí),一定要仔細(xì)揣摩句子的重讀、弱讀、失爆規(guī)則,濁化現(xiàn)象,同化現(xiàn)象等從而掌握一些朗讀技巧。朗讀在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們對(duì)語(yǔ)言的感覺(jué)提高對(duì)語(yǔ)言的感悟力有著極其重要的作用。
現(xiàn)行的教材詞匯量大,這增加了學(xué)習(xí)的難度,但同學(xué)們又必須掌握,否則難以適應(yīng)初中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的要求。剛才我們講到了要提前預(yù)習(xí)生詞,那么,盡可能地在老師講之前要了解單詞的讀音,拼寫(xiě)形式以及漢語(yǔ)意思,課前克服了生詞障礙,課上重點(diǎn)放在老師講解詞匯的用法以及實(shí)際操練上。這樣,會(huì)起到事半功倍的學(xué)習(xí)效果。學(xué)習(xí)單詞的目的是為了運(yùn)用詞匯,并能正確運(yùn)用到筆頭表達(dá)之中。教材中的每個(gè)單元分SectionA,SectionB以及Selfcheck三部分,其中SectionB的3a環(huán)節(jié)是本單元主要詞匯和語(yǔ)法以及交際項(xiàng)目的具體體現(xiàn),也是各單元必背內(nèi)容。堅(jiān)持背誦,同學(xué)們就能自然地使用所學(xué)習(xí)詞匯來(lái)表達(dá)思想感情,從而達(dá)到學(xué)以致用的效果。
對(duì)語(yǔ)法的規(guī)則或句型應(yīng)力求充分的了解,不必作深入的理論探討。練習(xí)要以句為單位,口頭練習(xí)與書(shū)寫(xiě)練習(xí)并重,更應(yīng)培養(yǎng)思路與表達(dá)趨于一體的自然語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣。多閱讀文章,閱讀時(shí)要切實(shí)朗讀,不可有eye-reading,在閱讀中注意引證自己已學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,或利用自己所學(xué)過(guò)的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則來(lái)了解文意,體會(huì)文體,模仿英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)句式或習(xí)慣。記住,讀過(guò)10本語(yǔ)法書(shū)你不一定能說(shuō)寫(xiě)流暢的英語(yǔ),但是閱讀了10本小說(shuō)(或文學(xué)作品),你的英語(yǔ)的說(shuō)寫(xiě)能力必定能順暢自如。
復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)法
1.及時(shí)、經(jīng)常、科學(xué)地復(fù)習(xí),減少遺忘
復(fù)習(xí)是學(xué)習(xí)之母。要解決困擾學(xué)習(xí)者最大的知識(shí)遺忘問(wèn)題,只有靠科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)?!鞍e浩斯遺忘曲線(xiàn)”揭示遺忘規(guī)律是先快后慢,先多后少。因而從時(shí)間安排上講,復(fù)習(xí)既要及時(shí)又要經(jīng)常。不僅在當(dāng)天,而且在第二天、一周后、一月后以及就在你需要用它之前或者在考試前都應(yīng)安排復(fù)習(xí)。從復(fù)習(xí)方法上講.可采用強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)、分散復(fù)習(xí)、集中復(fù)習(xí),把新舊知識(shí)有機(jī)聯(lián)系起來(lái),按知識(shí)內(nèi)在規(guī)律進(jìn)行綜合歸類(lèi)等復(fù)習(xí)方法,做到溫故而知新,而不是簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械復(fù)現(xiàn),從而更牢固地掌握知識(shí)。
2.整理課堂筆記。課后整理課堂筆記的過(guò)程,是英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的反芻的過(guò)程。在此過(guò)程中,學(xué)生通過(guò)回顧上課的過(guò)程,再次“品味”課堂上的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,不僅加
深了印象,而且也有利于溫故而知新。
3.改錯(cuò)本。同學(xué)們把每次在練習(xí)、作業(yè)、測(cè)試中做錯(cuò)的習(xí)題摘錄在“錯(cuò)題本”上,并對(duì)出錯(cuò)的原因根據(jù)老師的講解進(jìn)行分析、歸納、總結(jié),并在課后反復(fù)復(fù)習(xí),每次考試前重新翻閱“錯(cuò)題本”以加深印象,就能避免下次再犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。這樣經(jīng)過(guò)多次反復(fù)記憶,久而久之,就會(huì)養(yǎng)成做題時(shí)認(rèn)真思考的習(xí)慣。
4.“點(diǎn)”“線(xiàn)”“面”分頭抓,歸納整理莫輕視。英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)紛繁瑣碎,同學(xué)會(huì)覺(jué)得無(wú)從下手。本人認(rèn)為,抓住單詞“點(diǎn)”,就能帶動(dòng)詞組、句型這根“線(xiàn)”,撐開(kāi)文章的閱讀和理解“面”。單詞是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ),是構(gòu)建英語(yǔ)大廈的建筑材料,也直接影響聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)幾個(gè)方面,制約著口語(yǔ)和書(shū)面表達(dá)能力,單詞的復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)在拼寫(xiě)和運(yùn)用,特別是重點(diǎn)詞的用法,如詞形變換、單詞辨音、詞的構(gòu)成等要更加重視。如care單詞,由此詞根構(gòu)成的單詞有,care—careful—carefully,morecareful,mostcarefully等。單詞記得多,記得牢,詞組、句型的運(yùn)用、文章的閱讀理解以及完形填空就會(huì)迎刃而解。
復(fù)習(xí)單詞、詞組、句型的過(guò)程是一個(gè)“滾雪球”的過(guò)程。在滾雪球的過(guò)程中,有時(shí)會(huì)脫落,這說(shuō)明雪球內(nèi)部結(jié)合力不強(qiáng),還沒(méi)有融會(huì)貫通。復(fù)習(xí)一樣,要經(jīng)常歸納整理,把所學(xué)的新知識(shí)融入自己原有的知識(shí)體系中,使之渾然一體,這樣形成的知識(shí)才不“脫落”,而且經(jīng)久不忘。這就要求同學(xué)們做學(xué)習(xí)的有心人,及時(shí)歸納整理相關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。