英語屬于印歐語系日耳曼語族西日耳曼語支，最早被中世紀(jì)的英國使用，那么關(guān)于八年級英語知識點怎么學(xué)習(xí)呢?以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些八年級下冊英語第二單元單詞及知識點，僅供參考。

八年級下冊英語第二單元單詞

clean up 打掃(或清楚)干凈

cheer /t???/ v. 歡呼; 喝彩

cheer up (使)變得更高興; 振奮起來

give out 分發(fā); 散發(fā)

volunteer /'v?l?n't??/ v. 義務(wù)做; 自愿做n. 志愿者

come up with 想出; 提出(主意、計劃、回答等)

put off 推遲

sign /sa?n/ n. 標(biāo)志; 信號

notice /'n??t?s/ n. 通知; 通告; 注意v. 注意到; 意識到

hand out 分發(fā)

call up 打電話給(某人); 征召

used to 曾經(jīng)......; 過去......

lonely /'l??nl?/ adj.孤獨的; 寂寞的

care for 照顧; 非常喜歡

several /'sevr?l/ pron.幾個; 數(shù)個; 一些

strong /str??/ adj.強(qiáng)烈的; 強(qiáng)壯的

feeling /'fi:l??/ n. 感覺; 感觸

satisfaction /'s?t?s'f?k??n/ n. 滿足; 滿意

joy /d???/ n. 高興; 愉快

owner /'??n?/ n. 物主; 主人

try out 參加......選拔; 試用

journey /'d??:n?/ n. (尤指長途)旅行; 行程

raise /'re?z/ v. 募集; 征集

alone /?'l??n/ adv.獨自; 單獨

repair /r?'pe?/ v. 修理; 修補(bǔ)

fix /f?ks/ v. 修理; 安裝

fix up 修理; 裝飾

give away 贈送; 捐贈

take after (外貌或行為)像

broken /'br??k?n/ adj.破損的; 殘缺的

wheel /wi:l/ n. 車輪; 輪子

letter /'let?/ n. 信; 函

Miss /m?s/ n. 女士; 小姐

set up 建立; 設(shè)立

disabled /d?s'e?bld/ adj. 喪失能力的; 有殘疾的

make a difference 影響; 有作用

blind /bla?nd/ adj. 瞎的; 失明的

deaf /def/ adj. 聾的

imagine /?'m?d??n/ v. 想象; 設(shè)想

difficulty /'d?f?k?lt?/ n. 困難; 難題

open /'??p?n/ v. 開; 打開

door /d?:/ n. 門

carry /'k?r?/ v. 拿; 提; 扛

train /tre?n/ v. 訓(xùn)練; 培訓(xùn)

excited adj. 激動的; 興奮的

training /'tre?n??/ n. 訓(xùn)練; 培訓(xùn)

kindness /'ka?ndn?s/ n. 仁慈; 善良

clever /'klev?/ adj. 聰明的; 聰穎的

understand /'?nd?'st?nd/ v. (understood) 理解; 領(lǐng)會

change v. & n. 變化; 改變

interest /'?ntr?st/ n. 興趣; 關(guān)注;v.使感興趣; 使關(guān)注

sir /s?:/ n. 先生(用于正式信函中對不知名的男性收信人的稱呼時, 寫為Sir)

madam /'m?d?m/ n. 夫人; 女士(用于正式信函中對不知名的女性收信人的稱呼時,寫為Madam)

Mario /'mereo/ 馬里奧(男名)

Jimmy /'d??m?/ 吉米(男名)

八年級下冊英語第二單元

1. 短語動詞小結(jié)

常見動詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種：

(1)動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄;turn off 關(guān)掉;stay up 熬夜

這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時相當(dāng)于及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動

詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放

在短語動詞后。

(2)動詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽;look at 看;belong to 屬于

這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動詞，后面跟賓語。

(3)動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出; run out of 用完，耗盡

(4)動詞+名詞+介詞 如：take part in參加;catch hold of 抓住

2. each 每個，各自的，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的個別情況，常與of 連用

every 每個，每一個的，一切的，有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用

3. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English

help do 幫助做某事 help study

4. spend...doing... 花費…做…

I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的時間去參觀北京。

spend… on sth. 花費…在… I spent 3 years on English.

5. join 參加 (指參加團(tuán)體、組織) 如：join the Party 入黨

take part in 參加 (指參加活動) 如：take part in sports meeting 參加運動會

6. run out 與 run out of

(1)run out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時間，食物，金錢，油等，本身就含有被動意義。

His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快就花光了。

Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。

(2)run out of 主語為人，表示主動含義。

He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。

兩者在一定條件下可以互換

如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol.

Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。= We are running out of time.

7. work out

(1)結(jié)局，結(jié)果為

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個策略效果很好。

(2)算出，制訂出，消耗完(精力等)

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個計劃。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費用。

8. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑蕩。

9. be able to do 能，會

be unable to do 不能，不會

10. for sure 確實如此，毫無疑問

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。

11. fill… with… 使…充滿… 用…填充…

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填滿碗。

12. hand out 分發(fā) hand out bananas

give out 分發(fā) give out sth to sb. 分….給某人

give up doing 放棄… give up smoking 放棄吸煙

give away 贈送 捐贈 give away money to kids

give sb. sth. 給某人某東西 give me money 給我錢

give sth. to sb. 給某人某東西 give money to me 給我線

13. help sb. out 幫助…做事，解決難題(擺脫困境)

I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請你幫我解決。

14. train n. 火車 v. 訓(xùn)練

train sb. to do. 訓(xùn)練某人做某事

She trains her dog to fetch things. 她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。

15. at once == right away 立刻 馬上 如：

Do it at once. 馬上去做。

I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我馬上去那里。

16. one day 有一天 (指將來/過去)

some day 有一天(指將來) 如：

One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。

Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我將去北京。

八年級下冊英語第二單元

I.單項選擇(共10小題，滿分為10分)

1.I think you should borrow some money ____ your friends.

a. from b. to c. for d. in

2.—May I use your dictionary, please?

—Of course, but please ____it as soon as possible.

a. take b. give c. return d. bring

3.—Why is John unhappy?

—Because he ____ the English exam.

a. passed b. didn’t fail c. went through d. failed

4.He gave us ____ on studying English.

a. an advice b. some advices c. many advice d. some advice

5.She looks very busy. I want to help her, but I don’t know____.

a. how to do b. what to do it c. what to do d. why to do

6. Mr Smith eats ____ meat, so he is ____ fat now.

a. too much, too much b. much too, much too c. too much, much too d. much too, too much

7. Does everyone ____ have something to say?

a. other b. another c. else d. others

8. —I’m sorry I broke the window.

—I’m afraid you have to ____it.

a. look for b. get back c. cut up d. pay for

9. He finds ____ hard to finish the work in two days.

a. it b. that c. this d. its

10. Don’t ____ it. Let’s try again.

a. argue with b. complain about c. get on d. be angry with

II.完形填空(共10小題，滿分為10分)

Dear Pet,

Without knowing more about you, it’s hard for me to give you some good advice.

But first, I am sure that you are 1 . You said that nobody would care if you left home. What about your 2 ? And other family members? It seems that you are very 3 . You’d better go to a doctor or talk 4 your parents. They will be able to help you.

Second, I’m sure there’s someone else in your class who feels lonely, 5 . You never know 6 other people feel. Try to make friends with your classmates. And you could 7 a club to meet new people and make friends, too.

You 8 find happiness in yourself. So my 9 advice is to write a list of all the good things about yourself, learn to like yourself, and then 10 will see your confidence (信心)and like you, too.

Editor

1. a. right b. wrong c. OK d. clever

2. a. teachers b. classmates c. parents d. friends

3. a. popular b. tired c. sad d. happy

4. a. to b. about c. of d. with

5. a. too b. either c. also d. to

6. a. why b. how c. when d. where

7. a. take part in b. join c. join in d. take part

8. a. mustn’t b. shouldn’t c. need to d. can’t

9. a. finally b. last c. end d. first

10. a. other b. the other c. others d. another

III.閱讀理解(共10小題，滿分為20分)

(A)

One of the most popular item (項) in the class newspaper is the advice column(專欄). Here are some of them and their answers ——

Q: I’m always late for school. I try not to be late, but I can’t help (避免) it. Please advise me what to do. Tommy.

A: You are probably late for school because you don’t really like school. My advice to you is to enjoy school more, and then you won’t be late so often.

Q: I find it difficult to make friends. What do you think I should do? Sara.

A: I can’t advise you until I know more about you. Your problem may be that you are shy. On the other hand, it may be the opposite. You may be too bold (大膽). Write and tell me more about yourself.

Q: I’m always at the bottom (末尾) of the class. What do you advise me to do? Molly.

A: I advise you to concentrate (集中注意力) on improving your grades in one subject at first. Next, try to improve your grades in another subject. If you do this, by the end of the year you should be quite a long way up from the bottom in all your subjects.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇答案。

1.What is the main idea of this passage?

a. The school newspaper has an advice column.

b. Tommy wrote to the school newspaper to ask for advice.

c. Sara finds it difficult to make friends.

d. The advice column in the school newspaper is very popular.

2. What is Tommy’s problem?

a. He is always late for school.

b. He finds it difficult to make friends.

c. He is always at the bottom of the class.

d. He needs help with his homework.

3. What does the adviser (建議者) want Sara to do?

a. Stop being so shy.

b. Stop being so bold.

c. Make more friends.

d. Give more information about herself.

4. What does Molly want to do?

a. Make more friends.

b. Improve her grades.

c. Stay at the bottom of her class.

d. Concentrate on one subject at a time.

5. By the end of the year, what should Molly have in all her subjects?

a. At the bottom.

b. At little way up from the bottom.

c. Quite a long way up from the bottom.

d. At the top.

(B)

A good way to pass an exam is to work hard every day. You may not pass an exam if you only work hard before the exam. If you are getting ready for an English exam, do not only learn grammar rules. Try to read stories in English and speak English whenever you can. Before you start the exam, read the questions carefully. Try to understand the exact (確切的) meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write. When you finish the exam, read answers once more, correct the mistakes if there are any and make sure that you don’t miss anything out.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇答案。

6.How can you do well in an exam?

a. Work hard every day. b. Read stories in English.

c. Be careful in doing the questions.

d. Read your answers once more before you hand in your paper.

7. Only learning rules of grammar ____ to pass an English exam.

a. is enough b. is not enough c. is good d. is not good

8. It is not a good way ____.

a. to read English stories b. to learn rules of grammar

c. to speak English as much as possible

d. to work hard only a few days before the exam

9. The word “whenever” means ____.

a. every time b. what time c. at any time d. forever

10. Before you start the exam, what should you do?

a. Read your answers loudly.

b. Correct the mistakes carefully.

c. Write the meaning of each question.

d. Read the questions carefully.

IV.任務(wù)型閱讀(滿分為10分)

Dear John,

I am very upset and I need some help. You know I will finish college soon, and I have to decide about my future. I like the computer and I really want to work on it.

Last Sunday I asked my family for some advice. They had quite different ideas about my future! My father said I should to go university and study computer engineering. My mother thought I should get a job as a computer salesperson, so I could make a lot of money. My brother wanted to start a web site design company with me. My sister did poorly in computer science and she wanted me to teach her in her school. My uncle manages a famous software company. He hoped I could join his company. As you see, it is very difficult for me to decide which one is the best. What do you think? Write me soon.

Yours,

Jordan

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列表格。

Person Advice

Father You should (1)______.

Mother You should be a computer salesperson to (2)______.

Brother Let’s (3)______.

Uncle You should (4)______.

Sister You could teach (5)______.

V.詞匯考查(共10小題，滿分為10分)

A)根據(jù)句意和所給首字母，在句子空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。(5分)

1. She is the smartest in her class. She often has o___ ideas.

2. I a____ with my father, but I felt sorry for that now.

3. This dress is out of s____. She doesn’t want to take it.

4. The writing materials (文具) i____ pens, pencils, erasers and books.

5.The coat is too large. It doesn’t f____ me.

B)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

6.Our English teacher is ____(friend) to us.

7. Today many students are under much ____(press). They are stressed out.

8. The children enjoyed _____(they) in the park last Sunday.

9. The students often have ____(organize) activities on weekends.

10.They are ____(craze) about dancing and singing.

VI.完成句子(共5小題，滿分為10分)

根據(jù)漢語完成句子，每空一詞。

1.當(dāng)你到北京時給我打電話。

____ ____ ____ when you get to Beijing.

2.她與她的朋友們相處很融洽。

She is ____ ____ ____ ____ her friends.

3.我的表弟和我同齡。

My cousin is ____ ____ ____ ____me.

4.另一方面，我不知道如何使用電腦。

____ ____ ____ ____, I don’t know how to use the computer.

5.我們應(yīng)盡可能多地說英語。

We should speak English ____ ____ ____ ____.

VII. 選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁眨吭~限用一次。(共10小題，滿分為10分)

(work, be, take, see, feel, excite, look, watch, leave, live)

Last Sunday, Mr Gao (1)____ his class to the Space Museum in Guangzhou. There (2)_____ many things about space there. First, they (3)____ a movie about space travel. They (4)____ how the space shuttle (航天飛機(jī)) took off in space and later landed (降落) on earth again. It was very (5)____ and they (6)____ that they were traveling in space themselves!

After the movie, Mr Gao took them to see some models for rockets and the space shuttle. The models (7)____ very real, but they were smaller.

Before they (8)_____, they watched a video show about people (9)_____and working in a spacelab(太空實驗室). The spacelab was very big. There were kitchens, bathrooms, bedrooms and a big workshop for people (10)____ in. People could stay in the spacelab for months.

VIII.補(bǔ)全對話(共5小題，滿分為10分)

選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ挕?/p>

A: I want to get good grades. (1)_______

B: Maybe you can could take part in after-school class on weekends.

A: (2)____ I have to do my homework on weekends.

B: Well, you could ask your friends for help.

A: (3)____

B: You should say “sorry” to your friend.

A: OK. (4)_____

B: I think you shouldn’t play computer games or watch TV any more.

A: (5)____ I’ll study harder and harder from now on.

a. But I argued with my best friend yesterday.

b. That’s a good idea.

c. I don’t have enough time.

d. What should I do?

e. I’ll try to apologized (道歉) to her.

IX. 寫作(10分)

假如你叫Tina，用下面所提供的信息告訴你的朋友Sarah 關(guān)于你的煩惱。

內(nèi)容提要：這幾天，你發(fā)現(xiàn)同學(xué)們對你不太友好。上個星期六，你們班上的一位同學(xué)舉行生日聚會，她邀請了班上的很多同學(xué)，但沒有邀請你。你感到很煩惱，于是向她述說此事，并向她求救。

注意：詞數(shù)60左右，內(nèi)容連貫。

八年級下冊英語第二單元

I.1-5acddc 6-10ccdab

I.1-5bccaa 6-10bbcbc

III.1-5dadbc 6-10 abdcd

IV.1. study computer engineering in a university

2.make lots of money

3.start a company together

4.work in my company

5.computer science in my school

V.1.orginal 2. argued 3. style 4. include 5. fit 6.friendly 7. pressure 8. themselves 9. organized 10. crazed

VI.1.Call me up 2. getting on well with 3. the same age as 4.On the other hand 5. as much as possible

VII.1.took 2. were 3. watched 4. saw 5. exciting 6. felt 7. looked 8. left 9. living 10. to work

VIII.1-5dcaeb

IX. One possible version:

Dear Sarah,

I have a problem these days, and I need your help.

I am not getting on well with some of my classmates. I don’t know why. Last Saturday one of my classmates had a birthday party at home. She invited many classmates in my class, but she didn’t invite me. I feel worried and I don’t know what to do, could you tell me what I should do?

初二下冊英語教學(xué)計劃

一、教學(xué)指導(dǎo)思想

在本學(xué)期的英語教學(xué)中，要堅持以下理念的應(yīng)用：

1、整體設(shè)計目標(biāo)，體現(xiàn)靈活開放，目標(biāo)設(shè)計以學(xué)生技能，語言知識，情感態(tài)度，學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識的發(fā)展為基礎(chǔ)。

2、突出學(xué)生主體，尊重個體差異。

3、采用任務(wù)型的本文來自小草教學(xué)模式，讓學(xué)生在老師的指導(dǎo)下通過感知、體驗、實踐、參與和合作等方式，實現(xiàn)任務(wù)的目標(biāo)，感受成功。

4、注重過程評價，促進(jìn)學(xué)生發(fā)展，建立能激勵學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣和自主學(xué)習(xí)能力發(fā)展的評價體系。

二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)

學(xué)生應(yīng)有較明確的英語學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)和積極主動的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度。能聽懂教師對有關(guān)熟悉話題的陳述并能參與討論。能讀供七至八年級學(xué)生閱讀的簡單讀物和報紙雜志，克服生詞障礙，理解大意。能根據(jù)閱讀目的運用適當(dāng)?shù)拈喿x策略。能與他人合作，解決問題并報告結(jié)果，共同本文來自小草完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。能在學(xué)習(xí)中互相幫助，克服困難。能合理計劃和安排學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)，積極探索適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法。在學(xué)習(xí)和日常交際中能注意到中外文化的差異。

三、教材分析

《新目標(biāo)英語》八年級(下冊)，全書共有十個單元，另兩個復(fù)習(xí)單元。本教材各單元話題靈活，貼近生活實際。本冊書將學(xué)習(xí)的一些語法知識點有：一般將來時、過去進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、間接引語、時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、反意疑問句等。同時每個單元后都提供了一篇閱讀文章，用以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀能力，擴(kuò)大學(xué)生的閱讀

四、學(xué)情分析

學(xué)生成績和學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度的兩級分化十分嚴(yán)重，少部分英語基礎(chǔ)好的優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，不管是在學(xué)校，還是在家，都能認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)、主動思考問題，同時還能夠及時反饋學(xué)習(xí)情況，在他們身上，教和學(xué)得到了比較好的統(tǒng)一。與此相反的是，另一部分同學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)很差，有些連26個字母都不能背全;學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度也十分懶散，不但不愿學(xué)，不想學(xué)，還影響課堂紀(jì)律，影響他人學(xué)習(xí)。其他大部分學(xué)生屬于中間層次，雖然不太吵，但學(xué)習(xí)情況依然很不理想，還是存在很多不想學(xué)不愿學(xué)的情況?？偟膩碚f，學(xué)生在英語學(xué)習(xí)上所存在的問題主要表現(xiàn)在：

(1)聽、說、讀、寫等方面的基本技能未能掌握，連音標(biāo)和單詞的拼讀都沒有掌握好;

(2)受方言影響，多數(shù)同學(xué)的`發(fā)音不準(zhǔn)確。

(3)單詞量掌握較少。

(4)上課時精力不集中，對英語有一定的抵觸心理。

(5)學(xué)生整體的惰性還是很強(qiáng)，自覺性很差。

(6)學(xué)生在情感態(tài)度，學(xué)習(xí)策略方面還存在諸多需要進(jìn)一步解決本文來自小草的問題。

例如：很多學(xué)生不能明確學(xué)習(xí)英語的目的，沒有真正認(rèn)識到學(xué)習(xí)英語的目的在于交流;大多數(shù)同學(xué)沒有養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，不能做好課前預(yù)習(xí)課后復(fù)習(xí)，學(xué)習(xí)沒有計劃性和策略性;不善于發(fā)現(xiàn)和總結(jié)語言規(guī)律，不注意知識的鞏固和積累。

五、教改措施

1、認(rèn)真專研教材和課標(biāo)，精心備課，認(rèn)真上好每一堂課。確定每堂課的基礎(chǔ)內(nèi)容，預(yù)備內(nèi)容和拓展內(nèi)容，滿足不同層次學(xué)生的不同需求。

2、充分利用現(xiàn)有的現(xiàn)代化教學(xué)設(shè)備，加強(qiáng)直觀教學(xué)，提高課堂效率。

3、多與學(xué)生溝通，了解學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)狀況和需求，及時改進(jìn)教學(xué)中存在的問題和不足。

4、積極開展豐富多彩的英語活動，提高學(xué)生興趣。如英語演講比賽、單詞聽寫比賽、朗讀比賽、英語手抄報比賽、學(xué)唱英文歌曲，課前五分 鐘活動等。

5、注重個別輔導(dǎo)，在面向全體學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)上，培優(yōu)補(bǔ)差。

6、不斷學(xué)習(xí)，加強(qiáng)自身素質(zhì)和業(yè)務(wù)能力的提高。