英語是一種重要的國(guó)際語言,是我們必備的能力之一。那么八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)有哪些呢?以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)，僅供參考。

初二下冊(cè)英語第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?

【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r)) /n.問題;事情

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?

【注】： matter 和trouble 為名詞， 其前可加the 或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong 是adj. 不能加the

【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí)， 與介詞with連用。即：

What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?

— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.

2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒

have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼

3. 身體部位+ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+ 形容詞，意為 太...... ，too much+名詞，意為 很多，大量 。

5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足夠好，enough money=much money

6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺著，過去式lay;lie說謊，過去式lied

7. maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.

sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.

It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞，需要某物;

need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You need to listen carefully during class.

need doing sth.主語通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下(公交車) get on 上車

11. agree 同意，贊同;

agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.

agree to sb. 同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.

12. trouble問題，麻煩 ;be in trouble遇到麻煩，make trouble 制造麻煩 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻煩。

13. right away=right now=at once，意為 馬上 。

14. advice [不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見， give sb. advice on sth.就某事給某人建議; advise [動(dòng)詞] advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事

advise sb. doing sth.

【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise 練習(xí)、鍛煉

當(dāng)exercise意為“練習(xí)”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s

當(dāng)exercise意為“鍛煉”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s

16. hurt 及物動(dòng)詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，He hurt his leg while exercising.

不及物動(dòng)詞，……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.

clean 【動(dòng)詞】打掃，clean the classroom打掃教室，【形容詞】 干凈的 ，cleaner意為 清潔工 。

18. hit (用手或器具)打;擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位;

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。

be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了……、做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài);His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “變得習(xí)慣，逐漸適應(yīng)……”強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作：

It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.

20. 【復(fù)習(xí)】free [形容詞]空閑的free time;免費(fèi)的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.

free【動(dòng)詞】使……解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.

run out用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. run out. 某物用盡了。

人sb. run out of sth. 人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn)

23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性

We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要(性)， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的

decision 【名詞】決定;抉擇; make a decision 做決定 ;

make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。

25. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control無法控制，無法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中

26. 【復(fù)習(xí)】mind意為 介意 ，mind doing sth. 介意做某事 ,

Would you mind my opening the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放棄(做)某事，give up (playing) computer games;

give up后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.

二、重點(diǎn)語法

【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞，在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。

數(shù) 人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱

單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself

復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves

【用法】

1. 可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的`人或事物。

如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。

如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自學(xué)

enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快

help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)自用……(隨便吃/喝些……).

hurt oneself摔傷自己

say to oneself自言自語

leave sb. by oneself把某人單獨(dú)留下

buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西

introduce oneself 介紹……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。

(誤)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的(東西)”時(shí)，須要用one’s own.

如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。(誤)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第一單元測(cè)試題

一. 單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題，計(jì)15分)

( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.

A. at B. in C. on D. to

( )2. There ________ an English film this evening.

A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have

( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast?

—_______milk and _____eggs.

A. A little;a few B. A little;a little

C. A few;a little D.A few;a few

( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here.

A. with B. at C. for D. as

( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.

A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely

( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.

A. more;more B. much;much C. much;more D. many;more

( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.

A. will;moving B. do;move C. will;move D. did;move

( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.

A. less B. little C. least D. fewer

( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.

A. will tell;will come B. tell;will come

C. tell;comes D. will tell;comes

( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy

( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /

( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday.

A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of

( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______.

A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced

( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________.

A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out

( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___

A. I hope so. B. I hope not.

C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees.

二、完形填空。(共10小題，計(jì)15分)

Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (發(fā)明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog.

22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.

Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系統(tǒng)).

In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways.

( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth

( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see

( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs

( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs

( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them

( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda

( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists

( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to

( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked

( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for

三.閱讀理解(共10小題，計(jì)20分)

A

Dear Anita,

In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich.

After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa.

Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about

your plans.

Your friend

Josh

根據(jù)短文判斷正誤

26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )

28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )

30.Josh will travel to India.

B

Do you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.

The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (聽從) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (強(qiáng)大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (進(jìn)步).

When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.

( ) 31. The story happened (發(fā)生) in _____________.

A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040

( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________.

A. 依靠 B. 懸掛 C. 相信 D. 取決于

( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________.

A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officer

C. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist

( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.

A. robots can’t get on well with humans

B. robots will help human to make progress

C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world

( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article?

A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.

B. People use their robots to do everything.

C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control.

D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.

四.詞匯運(yùn)用(共20小題，計(jì)20分)

A.從方框內(nèi)選出單詞，用其適當(dāng)形式填空。每空格限填一詞，每詞限用一次。

36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.

37. Let’s go _________ after school.

38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海灘).

39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.

40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.

41. There are many _________ about the relationship(關(guān)系) between the mainland and Taiwan.

B.在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，詞首字母已給。

In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs.

Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.

C.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow.

49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day.

50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans.

51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.

52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot.

53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.

54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview..

55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.

五.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(共5小題，計(jì)10分)

56. Sally played football yesterday. (改為一般將來時(shí))

Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.

57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改為同義句)

I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.

58. There will be more people in our country. (改為否定句)

_______ _______ _______ more people in our country.

59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就劃線部分提問)

_______ _______ you live in ten years?

60. Our team seems to win the game. (改為同義句)

______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.

A. I also like watching sea-fish.

B. Where should we meet?

C. That’s wonderful!

D. Where are you going this weekend?

E. when do you plan to leave?

F. Do you want to join us?

G. I’ll see you then.

六.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(共5小題，計(jì)5分)

A: Hi, Mary. 61 .

B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with

some friends. 62

A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are

you going to?

B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach

in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63

A: That sounds great! 64

B: Well, we are setting off (出發(fā)) at about six o’clock on Friday.

A: Great! 65

61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________

七.書面表達(dá)(計(jì)15分)

寫作要求：我喜歡英語，我想在10年以后當(dāng)位英語老師。我要盡可能教好我的學(xué)生。我要盡量用英語講課。我要努力使我的課講得生動(dòng)有趣。另外，我們都喜歡聽老師講故事，所以我要經(jīng)常給學(xué)生講英語故事，使他們對(duì)英語感興趣，從而能提高他們的聽力。我相信我能成為一個(gè)好老師的。詞數(shù)：80左右。

八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第一單元測(cè)試題答案

一.單項(xiàng)選擇

1-5 CCAAB　6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA

二、完形填空。

16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC

三.閱讀理解

26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB

四.詞匯運(yùn)用

36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions

42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes

48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying

五.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that

六.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 61-65 DFAEG

七.書面表達(dá)

One possible version

I like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.

八年級(jí)下學(xué)期英語教學(xué)工作計(jì)劃

一、班級(jí)學(xué)生基本情況分析

本年段擁有學(xué)生約580名，英語學(xué)習(xí)上存在個(gè)體差異和班級(jí)差異，總體情況良好，主要存在以下幾點(diǎn)問題：

1.部分學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)不夠扎實(shí)，學(xué)生遺忘知識(shí)快，過去滾瓜爛熟的東西一段時(shí)間不用就忘了。

2.部分學(xué)生的應(yīng)變能力有待提高，理解能力不強(qiáng)，對(duì)于閱讀性課文不能理解通篇大意。

3.不能熟練運(yùn)用學(xué)過的句型,課后做作業(yè)比較隨意。

4.部分學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)惰性較大,不愿背單詞、詞組和句型。上課時(shí)注意力易分散，上課效率不高，課后也不能及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。

5.個(gè)別學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性不高，沒有養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和學(xué)習(xí)方法

經(jīng)過學(xué)校八年級(jí)上的`學(xué)習(xí)，優(yōu)秀學(xué)生在基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、基本技能方面掌握得較好。但小部分學(xué)生學(xué)了不會(huì)靈活應(yīng)用，死記硬背。而且詞匯量太少。對(duì)文章的理解還有待于進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。

另外學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度方面的自覺性不夠，對(duì)于背誦和聽寫等作業(yè)敷衍了事，以完成任務(wù)為目的。課前很少有學(xué)生在預(yù)習(xí)，課堂上極大部分能做到積極參與，勤做筆記，但課后的鞏固就比較缺乏。極大部分在下列方面還需加強(qiáng)：

1、單詞及短語的應(yīng)用。

2、對(duì)話及文章的背誦。

3、聽力還需引起重視。

二、學(xué)期教學(xué)總目標(biāo)

不僅要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫方面的能力，做題方面的技巧，同時(shí)要滲透情感方面的教育，讓學(xué)生逐漸成為有責(zé)任感，有愛心、具有合作精神、集體意識(shí)良好的優(yōu)秀人才。

1、多聽錄音，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生聽的能力。

2、多跟讀、多模仿，注重語音、語調(diào)。

3、課堂上多培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行口頭表達(dá)的能力。

4、運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的文章理解能力和寫作能力。

三、提高課堂效率的措施

1、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生認(rèn)真高效早讀的習(xí)慣。

2、課堂上認(rèn)真聽講、勤做筆記、積極參與。

3、作業(yè)獨(dú)立完成，保質(zhì)保量。做到不懂就問。

四、提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的主要措施

1、認(rèn)真?zhèn)湔n，鉆研教材;認(rèn)真“備”學(xué)生。

2、運(yùn)用各種不同的肢體語言來輔助教學(xué)，師生多用英語交流，有目的地進(jìn)行口語交際訓(xùn)練。

3、在課堂上多開展一些有趣的活動(dòng)、游戲讓學(xué)生在活動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí)英語，在生活中學(xué)習(xí)英語。

4、多為學(xué)生營(yíng)造一些學(xué)習(xí)氛圍，在“學(xué)中用，用中學(xué)”，如：創(chuàng)設(shè)英語角等等。

五、提優(yōu)補(bǔ)差措施：

1、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生興趣，讓學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。

2、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生大聲朗讀的能力。

3、分層教育，布置分層作業(yè)。

4、利用課余時(shí)間進(jìn)行個(gè)別輔導(dǎo)。

六、其他方面：

1、面向全體學(xué)生，不放棄一個(gè)差生。

2、多與學(xué)生溝通，了解和幫助他們解決其學(xué)習(xí)困惑。

3、多與家長(zhǎng)溝通。