初中怎么學(xué)習(xí)英語?哪些是中考英語的考點(diǎn)語法?怎么歸納總結(jié)這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)?一起來看看吧。以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些中考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)人教版，僅供參考。

中考英語必考重點(diǎn)語法

一. 詞法

1. 名詞

(1)名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)

可數(shù)名詞指表示的人或事物可以用數(shù)來計(jì)量，它有單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。不可數(shù)名詞指所表示的事物不能用數(shù)來計(jì)量。物質(zhì)名詞與抽象名詞一般無法用數(shù)目，來統(tǒng)計(jì)，都成為不可數(shù)名詞。

不可數(shù)名詞前一般不能用冠詞a、an來表示數(shù)量，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。要表示“一個(gè)……”這一概念，就須加a piece of這一類短語。要注意許多名詞在漢語里看來是可數(shù)名詞，在英語里卻不可數(shù)。如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。

(2)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化

A.一般情況下加-s。

B.以s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾的加-es

C.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的改y為i再加-es

D.以f，fe結(jié)尾的，去掉f或fe，變成v再加-es

(3)名詞的所有格

A. 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加’s，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾若沒有s，也要加’s。

如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ball

B. 表示幾個(gè)人共有一樣?xùn)|西，只需在最后一個(gè)人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，則需在各個(gè)名字后’ s。

如： This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.

These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.

C. 如果是通過在詞尾加—s構(gòu)成的復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，只加’。

如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses

(另外：名詞+of+名詞名詞是有生命的，我們就用’s結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所有關(guān)系。如果名詞所表示的事物是無生命的，我們就要用名詞+of+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所有關(guān)系。)

2. 代詞

人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞

(1)人稱代詞

第一人稱單數(shù)

I me my mine myself

復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves

第二人稱

單數(shù) you you your yours yourself

復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves

第三人稱

單數(shù) he him his his himself

she her her hers herself

it it its its itself

復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs themselves

(2)物主代詞

物主代詞的用法：形容詞性物主代詞后面一定要跟上一個(gè)名詞;

名詞性物主代詞可作主語、表語、賓語。

(3)反身代詞

反身代詞的構(gòu)成分兩種：第一、二人稱反身代詞在形容詞性物主代詞后加上self或selves，第三人稱的反身代詞在賓格代詞后加上self或selves.

反身代詞的用法：一種是作賓語，由主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作又回到動(dòng)作者本身。如：I enjoyed myself at the party. 另一種是作名詞或代詞的同位語;用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如：I can do it myself.

(4)指示代詞

指示代詞的特殊用法：

(1)為了避免重復(fù)，可用that，those代替前面提到過的名詞，但是this，these不可以。

(2)this，that有時(shí)可代替句子或句子中的一部分。

(5)不定代詞

one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,much等

3. 冠詞

(1)不定冠詞an用在元音讀音開頭(不是指元音字母)的詞前，其余用不定冠詞a.

(2)定冠詞的基本用法

A. 用在重新提到的人或事物前面。

B. 指談話雙方都知道的人或事物前面。

C. 用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前面，表示某一類人或事物。

(3)定冠詞的特殊用法

A. 用在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物或方位名詞前。

B. 用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級及only所修飾的名詞前。

C. 用在江河、海洋、山脈、湖泊、群島的名稱前面。

D. 用在由普通名詞和另外一些詞所構(gòu)成的專有名詞前面。

E. 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式前面，表示全家人或這一姓的夫婦二人。

F. 用在樂器名稱前。

G. 和某些形容詞連用，表示某一類人或事物。

(4)名詞前不用冠詞的情況

A. 在專有名詞 (包括人名、地名、節(jié)日、月份、季節(jié)) 、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前—般不用冠詞。但在以Festival組成的民間節(jié)日前要加the。

B. 表示一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。

C. 名詞前有物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾時(shí)，不用冠詞。

D. 三餐飯、球類、棋類、游戲名稱前一般不用冠詞。正在有些詞組中，有無冠詞含義不同。

(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌邊

go to school去上學(xué);go to the school去那所學(xué)校;in hospital住院;in the hospital在那個(gè)醫(yī)院里

4. 數(shù)詞

(1)數(shù)字的表示

三位數(shù)數(shù)詞要在百位和十位(若無十位則和個(gè)位)之間加and。

1，000以上的數(shù)字，從后向前第三位數(shù)加一個(gè)“，”，第一個(gè)“，”前為thousand，第二個(gè)“，”前為million，第三個(gè)“，”前為billion。

(2)序數(shù)詞除了first，second，third外，其余都在基數(shù)詞尾加-th構(gòu)成。

(3)分?jǐn)?shù)分子在前，分母在后，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，當(dāng)分子大于1小時(shí)，分母序數(shù)詞要變成復(fù)數(shù)。

(4)hundreds(thousands，millions)of……

5. 形容詞、副詞

(1)形容詞的位置

A. 形容詞作定語一般要放在名詞前面，但當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞something，nothing，anything時(shí)要放在所修飾的不定代詞之后。如：something important，nothing serious。

B. 當(dāng)形容詞帶有表示度量的詞或詞組作定語或表語時(shí)，定語或表語要后置。如：

We have dug a hole two meters deep.

The hole is about two metres deep.

(2)形容詞的比較等級

單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，在詞尾加—(e)r，—(e)st來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。如：

popular———more popular———most popular

important—more important—most important

(3)副詞的比較等級

單音節(jié)副詞和個(gè)別雙音節(jié)副詞通過加-er，-est來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。絕大多數(shù)副詞借助more，most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。

(4)少數(shù)形容詞和副詞比較級/最高級的不規(guī)則變化：

原級 比較級 最高級

well —— better —— best

badly —— worse —— worst

much —— more —— most

little —— less —— least

far —— farther —— farthest

farthest furthest

late —— later —— latest

(5)副詞的最高級前面可以不加定冠詞the。

6. 介詞

(1)表示時(shí)間的介詞及介詞短語

in, at, on, before，after，till，since，for, fromto, until， by，in the middle of，at the beginning of， at the end of，at half past five，at night，in a week，in the morning，in class，at sunrise， in spring/summer/autumn/winter，on Sunday，on Saturday afternoon，on a winter evening，for a long time，for two months，after school，since liberation，before lunch，at the time of，at the age of

(2)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞及介詞短語

in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across， off， down， among， past，between，out of，around，in the front of， in the middle of， at the back of，at the foot of，at home，at the gate，at the table，in the sky， on the ground，in a tree， in the south，in the sun，in the bed，on one’s way home，by the side of

二. 八種基本時(shí)態(tài)

1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

概念: 表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。

常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , every day 等表時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如：1) I go to school every day . 我每天都去學(xué)校。(表經(jīng)常)

2) He is always like that . 他總是那樣。 (表狀態(tài))

構(gòu)成： 1) 主語 + be (am / are / is ) +……

2) 主語 + 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞/三單動(dòng)詞 + …

2.一般過去時(shí)

概念: 1) 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).

常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用. 如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.

如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一場電影.

2) 也可表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.

如: He always went to work by bike last week.

構(gòu)成: 1) 主語 + be (was / were ) +……

2) 主語 + 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式 +

3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

概念: 表示現(xiàn)在(說話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.

如: He is singing.

They are watching TV now.

構(gòu)成: 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞be(am/are/is) + 動(dòng)詞-ing形式構(gòu)成.

4. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

概念: 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作. 這一特定的過去時(shí)間除了有上下文暗示外,一般用時(shí)間狀語來表示.

如: 1) ---What were you doing?

---I was jumping.

2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?

---He was sleeping.

構(gòu)成: 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞be(was/were) + 動(dòng)詞-ing形式構(gòu)成.

5. 一般將來時(shí)

概念: 表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也表示將來經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等.

如: He will go shopping tomorrow.

They are going to play basketball next week.

構(gòu)成: 1) 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞will + 動(dòng)原 +…

2) 主語 + be going to + 動(dòng)原 + ….

6. 過去將來時(shí)

概念: 表示在過去將來的某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).

構(gòu)成: 1) 主語(第一人稱) + 助動(dòng)詞should + 動(dòng)原 +…

2) 主語 + would + 動(dòng)原 + ….

3) 主語 + was/ were going to +動(dòng)原…

用法: 過去將來時(shí)除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在間接引語中,主句謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài).

如: 1) I should go.

2) You knew I would come.

3) They were going to Naning.

7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成: 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞 ( have / has ) + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞 +…

用法 例句

表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果. ---Have you had your lunch yet?

---Yes, I have. (現(xiàn)在我不餓了)

8. 過去完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成: 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞 had + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞 +…

用法 例句

表示過去在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作.它表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是”過去的過去”.表示過去某一時(shí)間可用by, before 等構(gòu)成的短語,也可用when, before, 等引導(dǎo)的從句或者通過上下文表示.

I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.

三. 三大基本從句

從句的共同特點(diǎn)

從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分的句子，充當(dāng)什么成分就叫什么從句，如：充當(dāng)賓語就叫賓語從句，充當(dāng)定語成分就叫定語從句。

從以上定義中我們可以得出關(guān)于從句的一個(gè)最大特點(diǎn)：從句是句子。

從句的共同特點(diǎn)：1.從句都有自己的連接詞 2.從句都是陳述語序(陳述語序就是主語在前，謂語在后，如：He is a teacher主語 He 在謂語is之前，因此是陳述語序，而Is he a teacher? 主語 He 在謂語is之后，因此不是陳述語序。)

1. 賓語從句

賓語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)賓語的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.

賓語從句的特點(diǎn)：

①賓語從句有自己的連接詞

②賓語從句用陳述語序

③賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)

(1)賓語從句的連接詞：賓語從句的連接詞包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑問詞。

(2)賓語從句的語序：

A. 賓語從句的連接詞后加陳述語序(主語在前，謂語在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrow

B. 當(dāng)連接詞本身又是賓語從句的主語時(shí)，后面直接加謂語動(dòng)詞，如：She asked me who had helped him.

(3)賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)，只要記住以下口訣就可以了“主現(xiàn)則從任，主過則從過，客觀真理一般現(xiàn)”

A. 主現(xiàn)則從任：主句如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則從句根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語需要從八種時(shí)態(tài)中任選一種，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))

B. 主過則從過：主句如果是一般過去時(shí)，則從句根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語需要從四種帶“過”字的時(shí)態(tài)中任選一種，帶“過”字的時(shí)態(tài)分別是如：一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)。

如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般過去時(shí))

C. 客觀真理一般現(xiàn):客觀真理永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth.

2. 狀語從句

(1)時(shí)間狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中作時(shí)間狀語的句子。

時(shí)間狀語的連接詞：when(當(dāng)…時(shí)候) while(當(dāng)…時(shí)候) as(當(dāng)…時(shí)候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自從…到現(xiàn)在) till /until(直到…

才) by the time(到…為止)依舊是連接詞后加陳述語序。

舉例：when當(dāng)…的時(shí)候(一般情況下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。)

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.

(2)原因狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中作原因狀語的句子。

連接詞：由連詞because, since, as引導(dǎo), 也可由for, now that 等詞引導(dǎo)。

舉例：I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.

(3)條件狀語從句：在一個(gè)句子中作條件狀語的句子。

連接詞：if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(讓步)

舉例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.

(4)目的、結(jié)果狀語從句

目的狀語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)目的狀語的句子。

結(jié)果狀語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語的句子

目的狀語從句連接詞so that, so…that , in order that 引導(dǎo)。

結(jié)果狀語從句連接詞 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that引導(dǎo)。

舉例：so…that 如此…以至于

The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.

(5)讓步狀語從句

讓步狀語從句是指在句子中作讓步的狀語的句子

連接詞： though, although.，whether…or not

舉例：Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.

3.no matter從句

結(jié)構(gòu)："no matter +特殊疑問詞疑問詞+陳述語序" 或"特殊疑問詞+后綴ever+陳述語序"

如：No matter what happened, he would not mind.

注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。

3. 定語從句

定語是指在句子中用來修飾名詞、代詞的成分。

如：I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flower.(中beautiful就是定語)

定語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中作定語的句子，定語從句要放在所修飾的詞后

如：I have met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.

定語從句的連接詞：

連接代詞：who、which、whom、whose、that

連接副詞：when、where、why

中考英語必考60個(gè)經(jīng)典知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1. as…as 和……一樣

中間必須用形容詞或副詞原級。例如：

This classroom is as big as that one.

這間教室和那間一樣大。

He runs as fast as Tom. 他和湯姆跑的一樣快。

否定結(jié)構(gòu)：not as/so…as,“不如……”。上面的兩個(gè)句子可分別改為：

This classroom is not as/so large as that one.

這間教室不如那間大。

He doesn’t run as/so fast as Tom.

他跑得不如湯姆快。

2. as soon as 一……就……

用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：

I’ll tell him the plan as soon as I see him.

我一看到他就告訴他這個(gè)計(jì)劃。

He’ll go home as soon as he finishes his work.

他一完成工作就回家。

3. be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth. 忙于/喜歡/討厭/繼續(xù)/完成做某事

在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等詞語后，一般用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。例如：

Lin Tao is busy making a model plane.

林濤正忙著做飛機(jī)模型。

My mother enjoys taking a walk after supper.

我媽媽喜歡晚飯后散步。

I hate watching Channel Five.

我討厭看五頻道。

When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on working.

當(dāng)有人讓他休息一會(huì)兒時(shí)，他仍繼續(xù)工作。

I have finished writing the story.

我已經(jīng)寫完了故事。

4. fill…with 用……裝滿......;be filled with 充滿了……;be full of 充滿了......

①be filled with 說明由外界事物造成的此種狀態(tài)，表示被動(dòng)。例如：

The box is filled with food.

盒子里裝滿了食物。

②be full of說明主語處于的狀態(tài)。此外，還可表示程度，意為“非?！?。例如：

The patient’s room is full of flowers.

那個(gè)病人的房間擺滿了花。

The young man is full of pride.

那個(gè)年輕人非常驕傲。

③這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)還可以相互改寫。例如：

I fill the box with food. The box is full of food.

5. be good/bad for 有利于/有害于……

此句型是：be + adj. + for + n.結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Doing morning exercises is good for your health.

做早操對你的健康有益。

Always playing computer games is bad for your study.

總玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕膶W(xué)習(xí)不利。

6. be used to(doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于……

后必須接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，可用于現(xiàn)在、過去、將來的多種時(shí)態(tài)。be 可用get, become來代替。例如：

He is used to life in the country.(He is used to living in the country.)

他習(xí)慣于鄉(xiāng)村生活。

He will get used to getting up early.

他將會(huì)習(xí)慣于早起。

注意：be used to do 的意思是“被用來做……”。例如：

Wood is used to make paper.

木材被用來造紙。

7. both…and…兩者都……

用來連接兩個(gè)并列成分;當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，其后謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow.

不論老師還是學(xué)生明天都會(huì)去歷史博物館。

8. can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事

help在此的意思是“抑制,忍住”，其后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式。例如：

His joke is too funny. We can’t help laughing.

他的笑話太有趣了，我們禁不止笑了起來。

9. sth. costs sb. some money 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢

此句型的主語是物。cost一詞帶的是雙賓語，它的過去式、過去分詞和原型一樣。

This book cost me five Yuan.

這本書花了我五元錢。

10. either…or… 不是……就是……,或者……或者……

用來連接兩個(gè)并列成分，當(dāng)連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的主語保持一致。

You may either stay here or go home.

你可以呆在這兒，也可以回家。

Either she or I am right. = Either I or she is right.

不是她對就是我對。

11. enough (for sb.) to do sth. 足夠……做……

在此結(jié)構(gòu)中,for用來引出不定式的邏輯主語。例如：

The ice isn’t thick enough for you to walk on.

這冰還沒有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。

12. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

此處like為介詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式。此句型與would like to do sth.同義。例如：

I feel like drinking a cup of milk.

我想喝一杯牛奶。

13. feel/find/think it adj./n. to do sth. 認(rèn)為某事……

在此結(jié)構(gòu)中it為形式賓語，不定式短語作真正的賓語。例如：

I find it very interesting to play football.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)踢足球很有趣。

She thinks it her duty to help us.

她認(rèn)為幫助我們是她的職責(zé)。

14. get ready for sth./to do sth.

get ready for sth.意為“為某事做準(zhǔn)備”;get ready to do sth.意為“準(zhǔn)備做某事”例如：

We are getting ready for the meeting.

我們正在為會(huì)議做準(zhǔn)備。

They were getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment.

他們那時(shí)正準(zhǔn)備開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

15. get/receive/ a letter from 收到……的來信

相當(dāng)于hear from 例如：

Did you receive a letter from John?

你收到約翰的來信了嗎?

I got a letter from my brother yesterday.

我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封來信。

16. had better (not) do sth. 最好(別)做某事

had better為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后需用動(dòng)詞原形。had better常用縮寫，變成’d better，其否定形式是在其后直接加not。例如：

We had better go now. = We’d better go now.

我們最好現(xiàn)在走吧。

You’d better not go out because it is windy.

今天刮風(fēng)，你最好別出去了。

17. have sth. done 使(某事)完成 (動(dòng)作由別人完成)

sth.為賓語，done為過去分詞作補(bǔ)語。例如：

We had the machine repaired.

我們請人把機(jī)器修好了。

注意區(qū)分：We have repaired the machine. 我們(自己)已經(jīng)修好了機(jī)器。

18. help sb. (to) do sth./with sth. 幫助某人(做)某事

其中的to可以省略。例如：

I often help my mother with housework.

我常常幫助媽媽做家務(wù)。

Would you please help me (to) look up these words?

請你幫助我查查這些詞好嗎?

19. How do you like…? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣?

與what do you think of …?同義。例如：

How do you like the weather in Beijing?你

認(rèn)為北京的天氣怎么樣? 你覺得這部新電影如何?

20. I don’t think/believe that… 我認(rèn)我/相信……不……

其中的not是對賓語從句進(jìn)行否定而不是對主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如：

I don’t think it will rain.

我認(rèn)為天不會(huì)下雨。

I don’t believe the girl will come.

我相信那女孩不會(huì)來了。

21. It happens that… 碰巧……

相當(dāng)于happen to do。例如：

It happened that I heard their secret.

可改寫為：I happened to hear their secret.

我碰巧聽到了他們的秘密。

22. It’s/has been +一段時(shí)間+since從句 自從某時(shí)起做某件事情已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間了

該句型中since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句常用一般過去時(shí)。例如：

It’s twenty years since he came here.

他來這里已經(jīng)20年了。

It has been six years since he married Mary.

他和瑪麗結(jié)婚已經(jīng)六年了。

23. It is +adj./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事對某人來說……

It是形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to do sth。例如：

It’s not easy for us to study English well.

對我們來說學(xué)好英語并不容易。

It’s a good idea for us to travel to the south.

去南方旅行對我們來說是個(gè)好主意。

24. It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.

It是形式主語，to do sth.是真正的主語, 當(dāng)表語(即形容詞)能對邏輯主語描述時(shí)，常用介詞of,而不用for。例如：

It’s very polite of you to give your seat to old people.

你給老人讓座，非常有禮貌。

25. It seems/appears (to sb) that… (在某人看來)好像……

此句中的it是主語，that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。例如：

It seems that he is lying. 看樣子他好像是在撒謊。

It appears to me that he never smiles. 在我看來，他從來沒有笑過。

26. It is +數(shù)詞+meters/kilometers long/wide… ……是多少米(公里)長(寬)

用來表示物體的長(寬,高)，如數(shù)詞大于一，名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：

It is 20 meters long from this end to that end. 從這端到那端有二十米長。

27. It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人干某事的時(shí)候了

it是形式主語，真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式to do sth. 例如：

It’s time for the child to go to bed.

孩子該睡覺了。

比較下面兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

① It’s time for + n. 例如：

It’s time for school.

②It’s time to do sth. 例如：

It’s time to go to school.

28. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事

it是形式主語，真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式to do sth。例如：

It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.

從這兒走著到公交車站將花費(fèi)她15分鐘。

It took the old man three days to finish the work.

那個(gè)老人花了三天時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)工作。

29. keep (on) doing sth. 一直堅(jiān)持做某事

keep doing sth.一般用于靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。keep on doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)不停地做某事”，一般用于動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但二者的區(qū)別并不是很嚴(yán)格，有時(shí)可以互換。例如：

Don’t keep on doing such foolish things.

不要再做這樣的傻事了。

He kept sitting there all day.

他整天坐在那里。

30. keep…from doing sth. 阻止......做某事

相當(dāng)于stop…from doing sth., prevent…from doing sth. 在主動(dòng)句中，stop和prevent后面的from可以省略，但在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，from不可以省略。例如：

Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.

請別讓孩子到海里游泳。

The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.

屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作業(yè)。

31. keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事

不可和keep sb. from doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)混淆。

例如：Why do you keep me waiting for a long time? 你為什么讓我等了很長時(shí)間?

32. make sb. do sth. 使某人干某事

make意為“使”時(shí)，其后要有不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。

例如：He made me work ten hours a day. 他讓我每天工作10小時(shí)。

注意：上句如改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，則work 前的to不能省略。例如：

I was made to work ten hours a day.

33. neither…nor… 既不……也不……

當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與鄰近的主語取得一致(就進(jìn)一致原則)。例如：

Neither we nor Jack knows him. 我們和杰克都不認(rèn)識(shí)他。

He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他對發(fā)生的事情不聞不問。

34. not…until… 直到……才......

until后可跟名詞或從句，表示時(shí)間。例如：

He didn’t come until late in the evening.他直到晚上很遲才來。

He didn’t arrive until the game began. 直到比賽開始他才來。

35. sb. pays money for sth. 某人花錢買某物

此句型主語是人。例如：

I’ve already paid 2,000 Yuan for the motor bike. 我已經(jīng)花了2000元買這輛摩托車。

36. spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、錢)在某事上/做某事

其中in可以省略，通常主語為“人”。例如：

I spent five Yuan on this book. 我在這本書上花了五元錢。

I spent two hours (in) doing my homework yesterday. 昨晚我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。

37. so…that… 太……以至于……

用于復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句。so是副詞,后面應(yīng)接形容詞或副詞，如果接名詞，應(yīng)用such。例如：

The ice is so thin that you can’t walk on it. 冰太薄了，你不能在上面走。

He is such a kind man that we all like him. 他是一個(gè)非常好的人，我們都很喜歡他。

38. stop to do sth., stop doing sth.

stop to do sth. 意為“停下來去做另一件事”，stop doing sth.意為“停止正在做的事”例如：

You’re too tired. You’d better stop to have a rest. 你們太累了，最好停下來休息一會(huì)兒。

The teacher is coming. Let’s stop talking. 老師來了，咱們別說話了。

39. Thank you for doing sth. 感激你做了某事。

for之后除了加動(dòng)名詞doing外，還可以加名詞。例如：

Thank you for giving me the present. 謝謝你給我的禮物。

Thank you for your help. =Thank you for helping me.謝謝你的幫助。

40. thanks to 多虧……,由于……

thanks后的s不能省略，to是介詞。例如：

Thanks to my friend Jim, I’ve worked out this problem. 多虧了我朋友吉姆的幫助，我已經(jīng)解決了這個(gè)問題。

41. There be句型

①在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不能充當(dāng)任何成分，也不必翻譯出來。句中的主語是某人或某物，謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語的數(shù)保持一致。例如：

There is a man at the door. 門口有一個(gè)人。

當(dāng)主語是由兩個(gè)或者兩者以上的名詞充當(dāng)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞be要跟它鄰近的那個(gè)名詞的數(shù)一致(就近一致)。例如：

There are two dogs and a cat under the table.桌下有兩只狗和一只貓。

比較：There is a cat and two dogs under the table.

②There be 句型中的be不能用have來代替，但可以用lie(位于，躺),stand(矗立),exist(生存),live(生活)等詞來替換。例如：

There stand a lot of tall buildings on both sides of the street. 街道兩旁矗立著許多高樓。

There lies lake in front of our school.我們學(xué)校前面有一個(gè)湖。

Once there lived a king here. 這兒曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)國王。

There is going to be a sports meeting next week. 下周準(zhǔn)備開一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

there be 的拓展結(jié)構(gòu)：there seem(s)/happen(s) to be…

There seems to be one mistake in spelling.

似乎有一處拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

There happened to be a ruler here. 這兒碰巧有把尺子。

There seemed to be a lot of people there. 那兒似乎有很多人。

42. The + adj.比較級, the + adj.比較級 越……,越……

此句型表示一方隨另一方的變化而變化。例如：

The harder he works, the happier he feels.他工作越努力，就感到越幸福。

The more, the better. 多多益善。

43. too + adj./adv. +to do sth. 太……以至于不能…….

此句型為簡單句，后面的to表示否定含義。例如：

The ice is too thin for you to walk on. 這冰太薄，你不能在上面走。

The bag is too heavy to carry. 這個(gè)袋子太重搬不動(dòng)。

44. used to do sth. 過去常常做某事

used to是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，因此只用于過去時(shí)態(tài)。例如:

He used to get up early. 他過去總早起。

When I was young, I used to play tennis very often. 我年輕時(shí)經(jīng)常打網(wǎng)球。

否定形式有兩種：didn't use to; used not to,例如：

He didn't use to come. = He used not to come. 他過去不常來。

45. what about…? ……怎么樣?

后面可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等。與“how about…?”同義。例如：

We have been to Hainan. What about you? 我們?nèi)ミ^海南，你呢?

What about going to the park on Sunday? 星期天去公園怎么樣?

46. What day/date is it today? 今天星期幾(幾月幾日)?

—What day is it today?

—Sunday.

—What date is it today?

—June 24th.

47. What’s wrong (the matter) with…? ……怎么了?

What’s wrong with you, Madam? 夫人，您怎么了?

You look worried. What’s wrong with you? 你看上去很焦急，出什么事了?

48. Why not do…? 為什么不做……?

謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。與Why don’t you do…?同義。例如：

Why not go to see the film with us?= Why don’t you go to see the film with us? 為什么不和我們一起去看電影呢?

49. would like to do sth. 想做……

后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。例如：

I would like to drink a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。

疑問句式：Would you like (to drink) a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶嗎?

50. adj./adv.比較級 + and adj./adv.比較級 越來越......

若形容詞/副詞為雙音節(jié)詞及多音節(jié)詞，則這一結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)椤癿ore and more +形容詞/副詞”。例如：

It’s getting warmer and warmer. 天氣變得越來越暖和了。

The little girl becomes more and more beautiful. 小女孩變得越來越漂亮了。

51. adj.比較級+than

than引導(dǎo)的是典型的比較級句型，表示“一者比另一者……”,其前用形容詞或副詞的比較級，than從句可以用省略形式。例如：

I know you better than she does. 我比她更了解你。

This house is bigger than that one. 這所房子比那所房子大。

52. though-從句

though引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句，意思是“雖然……但是……”。但不能和but連用，英語中表達(dá)“雖然……,但是……”時(shí)，though和but只能用一個(gè)。例如：

Though it was snowing, it was not very cold. 雖然下著雪，可并不太冷。

I was late for the last bus though I hurried. 雖然我拼命趕路，還是沒搭上最后一班公交車。

We didn’t feel tired though we walked a long way. 雖然我們走了很長的路程，但是并沒有感到累。

53. if-從句

If 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，“如果;假如“。如主句用一般將來時(shí)，if從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(主將從現(xiàn))。例如：

If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along? 如果明天我去長城，你會(huì)和我一起去嗎?

If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go. 如果明天下雨，我就不去了。

54. because-從句

引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，“因?yàn)椤?。例如?/p>

He didn’t hear the knocking at the door because he was listening to the radio. 他沒有聽見敲門聲，因?yàn)樗诼犑找魴C(jī)。

55. so + do/be + 主語

“So + be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語” 表示前面所述內(nèi)容也適用于另一人或物。be、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選擇視前面陳述句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式而定。例：

He likes football and so do I. 他喜歡足球，我也如此。

Jim was playing football just now and so was Tom. 剛才吉姆在踢足球，湯姆也在踢足球。

比較：“So +主語+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.”結(jié)構(gòu)，是用來證實(shí)前一句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容(起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用)。be、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選擇視前面陳述句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)形式而定。

A: It is very hot today. 今天天氣很熱。

B: So it is. 確實(shí)如此。

56. not only…but also… 不但……而且……

常用來連接語法作用相同的詞、短語或句子。連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要和緊靠它的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如：

She likes not only singing but also dancing. 她不但喜歡唱歌，而且喜歡跳舞。

He is not only a good doctor but also a good father. 他不但是個(gè)好醫(yī)生而且是個(gè)好爸爸。

Not only I but also he is hoping to go there. 不但我而且他也想去那兒。

57. prefer…to… 喜歡……勝過…...

prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 意為“兩者相比更喜歡(做)其中之一”。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，to是介詞，接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，結(jié)構(gòu)中前后所跟成分一樣。例如：

He prefers tea to coffee. 茶與咖啡相比，他更喜歡茶。

He prefers doing shopping to going fishing.購物與釣魚相比，他更喜歡購物。

58. 感嘆句型

What (a/an) + adj. + n. +主語+謂語! How + adj./adv.+ +主語+謂語! 例如：

What a clever boy (he is)! =How clever the boy is! 這個(gè)男孩兒多聰明啊!

What a wonderful film we saw last night! 昨天晚上我們看的電影多精彩啊!

How lovely the weather is! 天氣多好啊!

How hard he works! 他工作多么努力啊!

59. 祈使句型

祈使句型表示命令、請求、勸告等含義。說話的對象通常為第二人稱，習(xí)慣上常省略。句末用句號或感嘆號?？隙ㄆ硎咕涫牵褐^語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形表示。否定祈使句是：在謂語動(dòng)詞前加do not(don’t)。例如：

Be here on time tomorrow. 明天準(zhǔn)時(shí)到這兒來。

Say it in English! 用英語說!

Don’t be afraid! 別怕!

Don’t look out of the window! 不要朝窗外看!

60. 并列句型

用并列連詞連接起來的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句叫并列句。連接并列句常用的連接詞有：and, but, or, so, however, not only…but also..., neither…nor..., either…or…等。例如：

I help her and she helps me. 我?guī)椭?，她幫助我?/p>

He is very old but he is in good health. 他年紀(jì)很大了，但他身體很好。

We must hurry, or we’ll be late. 我們得趕快走，不然就晚了。

Kate does her work carefully, so she never makes any mistakes. 凱特工作很認(rèn)真，從不出錯(cuò)。

中考英語綜合測試題

第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共85分)

Ⅰ.聽力測試

A)聽錄音，在每組句子中選出一個(gè)你所聽到的句子。每個(gè)句子聽一遍。(5分)

( )1.A.It smells terrible.

B.She wants to be an actor.

C.My favorite subject is PE.

( )2.A.Do you have a pet?

B.Are you exercising right now?

C.Can they go to the basketball game?

( )3.A.What time do you take a shower?

B.What club do you want to join?

C.Where’s your backpack?

( )4.A.Rainy days are kind of boring.

B.We’ve been to many wonderful places.

C.It’s one of the most beautiful cities in the northwest of China.

( )5.A.I think sand sliding is the most exciting sport.

B.If I go to college, I’ll never become a great soccer player.

C.Everyone should do what we can do to help the people in trouble.

C)在錄音中，你將聽到一段對話及五個(gè)問題。請根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容及問題選擇正確答案。對話及問題聽兩遍。(5分)

( )11.A.For one year.

B.For half a year.

C.For 8 months.

( )12.A.About 20. B.About 10. C.About 40.

( )13.A.Her aunt. B.Her uncle. C.Her cousin.

( )14.A.Going to the museum.

B.Playing the violin.

C.Painting pictures.

( )15.A.Every day. B.Once a month. C.Once a week.

D)在錄音中，你將聽到一篇短文及五個(gè)問題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及問題選擇正確答案。短文及問題聽兩遍。(5分)

( )16.A.Sixteen. B.Eighteen. C.Fifteen.

( )17.A.Yes， she is.

B.No, she isn’t.

C.We don’t know.

( )18.A.Jack’s classmate.

B.Jack’s workmate.

C.Jack’s girlfriend.

( )19.A.In Mary’s home.

B.In the office.

C.In Jack’s home.

( )20.A.10 p.m. B.12 a.m. C.12 p.m.

Ⅱ.讀音選詞根據(jù)所給句意和音標(biāo),從每題A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)正確答案。(5分)

( )21.Please give me a _________ of bread.

A.peel B.prize C.piece D.please

( )22.The students in my class sold newspapers to

________ money to help the homeless.

A.read B.rise C.raise D.rose

( )23.People in Brazil are supposed to________ when they meet for the first time.

A.kiss B.kill C.dance D.bow

( )24.Our English teacher is really ________ . She is never angry with us.

A.painter B.painting C.parents D.patient

( )25.Everyone else in my class was invited ________ me, and I don’t know why.

A.swept B.kept C.except D.accept

Ⅲ.選擇填空從每題A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳答案。(30分)

( )26.—What ________ do you like?

—I like green.

A.kind B.size C.time D.color

( )27.Li Na started playing __________ tennis at the age of six. She is one of __________ best women tennis players in the world.

A.the; the B.a; / C./; the D.the; /

( )28.—Is the woman who is singing your teacher?

—Yes, she teaches ________ English.

A.we B.our C.our D.us

( )29.—Peter is ill in hospital.

—I’m not _________ to hear that. I’ve been telling him not to work so late every day!

A.surprised B.sorry C.glad D.excited

( )30.— can we live a low?carbon(低碳的) life?

—OK! Use both sides of the paper and don’t use plastic bags.

A.How B.Why C.When D.Where

( )31.—When did basketball become an Olympic event, do you know?

—I think it was _________ 1936.

A.in B.on C.at D.by

( )32.I have realized the _________ of learning math. I must work hard.

A.difference B.experience

C.importance D.important

( )33.—I want to buy some flowers.

—There __________ a flower store across from the pay phone.

A.is B.has C.are D.have

( )34.I don’t like junk food ________ it’s not good for our health.

A.so B.but C.or D.because

( )35.I bought ________ books this morning, six Chinese books and three English books.

A.seven B.eight C.nine D.eleven

( )36.Jinan, our hometown, is one of ______ in China.

A.beautiful city

B.the most beautiful city

C.the most beautiful cities

D.most beautiful cities

( )37.—Excuse me, sir.________ is it from here to the nearest shopping mall?

—Well, only about five minutes’ walk.

A.How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon

( )38.—Why not take this sweater, Li Hua?It looks nice on you!

—I have only 20 yuan. I can’t ________ it.

A.bring B.sell C.borrow D.afford

( )39.— __________you come with me to Lang Lang’s piano concert this evening?

—I’d love to, but I have to study for my math test.

A.Should B.May C.Must D.Can

( )40.Which sign means “No photos”?

( )41.—Hello, Peter! _________?

—Not bad, thanks.

A.How high is it B.What are you doing

C.How’s it going D.What about going shopping

( )42.—Could you __________ me your ruler, Jim?

—Sure. Here you are.

A.keep B.lend C.borrow D.return

( )43.—Do you like to eat a birthday cake or noodles?

—____________.

A.Yes, I do B.No, we don’t

C.Noodles D.A medium bowl

( )44.Paul is a kind and friendly boy. ________ likes him.

A.Something B.Anything

C.Nobody D.Everybody

( )45.I’m glad that the town government will ________ a new modern hospital for the farmers.

A.wake up B.set up C.look up D.give up

( )46.(2015?濟(jì)南平陰一模)—Time is money.

—But I think it is ________ money.

A.so important as B.more important than

C.so important than D.the same as

( )47.A direct order like “give me your pen”_______ rude.

A.smells B.looks C.feels D.sounds

( )48.The little boy is ________ lovely ________ everyone likes him.

A.such; that B.too; to C.so; that D.enough; so

( )49.—Mary, could you tell me if your mother _______ our school meeting tomorrow?

—I think she will come to school if she ______ free.

A.will take part in; will be B.takes part in; is

C.will take part in; is D.takes part in; will be

( )50.—__________ coat you’re having!

—Thank you.

A.What beautiful B.What a beautiful

C.How a beautiful D.How beautiful

( )51.________ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nicer place to live in.

A.Be B.Being C.To be D.Been

( )52.(2015?濟(jì)南槐蔭區(qū)二模)—John, do you want to join me for dinner this evening?

—____________.

A.Excuse me B.I’d love to

C.Yes, please. D.Nice to meet you

( )53.I ________ think I wouldn’t get taller.

A.used to B.be used to C.use to D.am using to

( )54.—I’m sorry to have kept you waiting long.

—Never mind. I ________ here for only a few minutes.

A.have been B.have come

C.have arrived D.waited

( )55.—Can you tell me ________ to London?

—Sure. Next month.

A.when you will travel B.when will you travel

C.when you travelled D.when did you travel

Ⅳ.完形填空閱讀短文,從每題A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出一個(gè)能填入文章中相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案。(10分)

An 8-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother Andrew. All she knew was that he was very 56 and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation(手術(shù))could 57 him.

One morning, the girl heard her father say to her mother, “Only a miracle(奇跡) can save Andrew now.” The girl went to her bedroom, collected all of her money and counted it 58. She hurried to a drugstore.

“How can I help you?” asked the salesman.

“I want to buy a miracle,” the girl answered. “My brother has something 59 growing inside his head. My daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle 60?”

“We don’t sell miracles here, my dear. I’m so sorry,” the salesman said 61.

“What kind of a miracle does your brother need?” asked a well?dressed man standing nearby.

“I don’t know,” she answered. “He’s really sick and needs an operation in his head. So I 62 all my money.”

“63 do you have?” asked the man.

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