高二英語不定式的相關(guān)定義與易混詞組
高二英語不定式的相關(guān)定義與易混詞組
動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種,它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,在句子中不能獨(dú)立作謂語,但它仍保持動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),既可以有自己的賓語和狀語。小編在這整理了相關(guān)資料，希望能幫助到您。
高二英語語法：不定式的相關(guān)定義
A.
1、不定式的構(gòu)成 (以動(dòng)詞do為例)
主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
進(jìn)行式 to be doing 無
完成進(jìn)行式 to have been doing 無
2、不定式的意義
不定式的一般式(to do )
一般式表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的同時(shí)或之后
My wish is to become a doctor
He seemed to be tired.
She stopped to have a rest.
不定式的被動(dòng)式 (to be done)
當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要用被動(dòng)式.
The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.
I am going to Beijing, I have something to take to my parents, do you have something to be taken to your parents?
如果謂語表示的動(dòng)作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí), 不定式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,這時(shí)候不定式就要用進(jìn)行式.(to be doing)
They are said to be building another bridge across the street.
They seemed to be talking about something important.
When I went to his home, he happened to be traveling around the world.
I’m glad to be working with you.
如果不定式所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)之前,就用完成式 (to have done) ;若是在此基礎(chǔ)上的被動(dòng)含義,就用完成被動(dòng)式( to have been done).
He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.
He thought it a pity not to have invited us.
The assistant seemed to have been fired.
He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.
Einstein is said to have built up his theory when he was in his twenties.
如果不定式的動(dòng)作是在謂語所表示的時(shí)間之前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,就要用完成進(jìn)行式.
They are said to have been collecting folk song in Xinjiang.
We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.
高二英語30組易混詞組
1. in turn一個(gè)接一個(gè)地
in return 作為回報(bào)
2. come across 越過某處;被理解;偶然發(fā)現(xiàn), 偶然遇到
come into being/existence 出現(xiàn)，開始形成，建立
come into use/service 開始使用 (無被動(dòng))
come out 出來; 出發(fā);出版;名列…;(總數(shù)等)達(dá)到(+ at/to)
come to light 泄露(真相);被發(fā)現(xiàn)
come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)，變成現(xiàn)實(shí)
come up 升起;走進(jìn);種子生長發(fā)育;被提出
come up with an idea(突然)想出辦法
3. go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 =try one’ best to…=do what / all one can to…
go beyond 超出;超出…的能力 go beyond one’s ability / imagination / control
go in for 參與，參與(競(jìng)賽等);從事(某項(xiàng)工作);愛好，酷愛
go out (火)熄滅，過時(shí)了
put out the fire(滅火)
put off 推遲, 延期( put off the meeting )
put down the rebellion(鎮(zhèn)壓)
go with 相配 (同義詞match / go along with)
4. keep in touch with 與…保持聯(lián)系(指狀態(tài))
get in touch with (指動(dòng)作)
keep up your courage 保持勇氣，別泄氣
keep up with 跟上
catch up with 趕上
5. look down upon / on sb 輕視某人;鄙視某人/某物
look on / upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.(近義詞組：regard…as; treat…as; consider…as/to be)
look over 對(duì)…審閱;粗略地看;翻閱
look up a word in a dictionary 查閱…
look through 透過…看(尤指空隙或透明物體等);(從頭到尾)粗略地翻閱
look up to sb 尊敬某人
look sb. in the eye 盯著
6. make oneself at home(如同在家一般)隨便些，不必客氣
make arrangements for 為…做安排
make a been line for 取捷徑前往
make room for 讓出地方，騰出空間
make the best of 充分利用 ，盡量利用
make the most of 盡量利用，善于利用
make up for lost time/ground 加緊努力補(bǔ)回失去或落后的時(shí)間
make oneself heard / understood 使自己被別人聽到/聽懂理解
make good / no sense 有意義/沒意義
make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡
make for 有助于，使成為
7. put away 放好;收起來;把…放在原位;儲(chǔ)藏 放棄
put aside放在一邊;拋棄;暫時(shí)不做;留出(時(shí)間),省出(錢)
put sth. in order(使)整齊
put on weight 增加體重(lose weight減肥，減少體重)
put on your clothes 穿衣 take off your clothes 脫衣
put an end/stop to 制止，使停止，結(jié)束
come to an end(某事)結(jié)束
end up with failure 以失敗而告終
put up with 和某人住在一起;忍受，忍耐=bear / stand
put through 做成，完成;接通電話 使通過考試;使經(jīng)歷(難受的事)
8. take sb. by surprise (出人意料地)攻占;撞見
take A for B 把A誤認(rèn)為是B
take sb./sth. for granted 認(rèn)為…是必然情況，視為當(dāng)然
take sth. into account/consideration 加以考慮;予以重視
take advantage of 利用;占…的便宜
take the opportunity of 抓住機(jī)會(huì);利用(機(jī)會(huì))
take charge of 開始負(fù)…的責(zé);看管;控制
take it easy=don’t be nervous 別緊張，放輕松
take your time 別急，慢慢來
take the place of 代替
stand for 代表
take on a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌
take off 脫下,起飛
take on sb 雇用 =employ sb=hire sb
take in fresh air=absorb
take up 占據(jù)(時(shí)間,地方);從事
take up arms (against) 拿起武器反對(duì)…，武裝起來與…作對(duì)
take over 接管,接替
9. turn down 拒絕;音量調(diào)低 ;向下翻
turn out 制造出，生產(chǎn)出，培養(yǎng)出;結(jié)局是，結(jié)果是;原來是
It turns out that 知道是…，結(jié)果證明是
It is one's turn to do sth 輪到某人做某事
turn over a new leaf 重新生活，改過自新
turn in sth to sb 上交
10. break away from(the Union )脫離(聯(lián)邦)
get rid of bad habit 去掉
do away with 廢除
11. drop in at a place 順便拜訪某地
drop in on sb 順便拜訪某人
12. feel like doing=would like to do 想要做某事
13. have a gift for=be talented at 在...方面有天賦
14. in short 簡(jiǎn)言之
in a word 一句話
15. let out a cry = cry out 大聲哭出來
16. It is no wonder that … 難怪...
There is no doubt that … 毫無疑問...
17. on show 在展出
show off 炫耀
18. out of order=in a mess / sth / goes wrong in (good) order
無序;混亂
19. run short of=run out of=use up 用盡...
20. run for 競(jìng)選
call for 需要
send for a doctor=ask sb to go to fetch a doctor 派人把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來
apply for the position 申請(qǐng)
run into sb=(suddenly) see sb 撞上/碰到某人
21. cut down the price 削減價(jià)格
cut off electricity 切斷電源
22. call off a meeting 取消會(huì)議
see sb off at the airport 去機(jī)場(chǎng)給某人送行
set off for the first destination 出發(fā)去第一個(gè)目的地
23. break in 打斷/插入
be engaged in 從事
24. reply to sb=answer sb 回答/答復(fù)某人
stick to sth / to doing sth 堅(jiān)持
see to sb=take care of sb 照料某人
take to 開始, 喜歡, 沉溺于, 走向, 照料, 求助于, 適應(yīng)
get down to some solid work 認(rèn)真開始…
object to sth/ doing 反對(duì)
25. tear up a letter 撕…
keep up one’s courage 保持…
bring up a child 撫養(yǎng)…
break up a family 拆散…
stay up late at night 熬夜到很晚
26. in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in the charge of 被...負(fù)責(zé)
27. add up to 總計(jì)
add to=increase 增加/添加
28. all at once=all of a sudden=suddenly 突然地
29. give out 散發(fā),分發(fā),用完
give away 背棄，泄露，贈(zèng)送
30. What do you think of your new job?=How do you like your new job?=How do you find your new job? 你認(rèn)為你的新工作怎么樣?
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