2022年全國乙卷英語高考真題及答案詳解
2022年高考英語已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，對于大部分省份考生來說高考就到此結(jié)束了，今年不少網(wǎng)友表示高考英語并不算很難，也算是常規(guī)難度范圍內(nèi)，下面是小編給大家整理的關(guān)于2022年全國乙卷英語高考真題及答案詳解，歡迎大家來閱讀。
河南省2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試
注意事項：
1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
?19.15.B.?9.18.C.?9.15.
答案是A。
1. What does the man want to do?
A. Have breakfast.
B. Take a walk.
C. Call his office.
2. What was George doing last night?
A. Having a meeting.
B. Flying home.
C. Working on a project.
3. Why does the man suggest going to the park?
A. It’s big.
B. It’s quiet.
C. It’s new.
4. How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed.
B. Pleased.
C. Puzzled.
5. Where is the man’s table?
A. Near the door.
B. By the window.
C. In the corner.
第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A. Eat out.
B. Go shopping.
C. Do sports.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Hostess and guest.
C. Husband and wife.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?
A. Their business is slow.
B. The weather is favorable.
C. It’s easy to hire people.
9. How will they handle the moving?
A. Finish it all at once.
B. Have the sales section go first.
C. Do one department at a time.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. What did Peter learn from his grandfather?
A. How to appreciate art works.
B. How to deal with artists.
C. How to run a museum.
11. What did Peter do in Chicago?
A. He studied at a college.
B. He served in the army.
C. He worked in a gallery.
12. Whose works did Peter like best?
A. Rembrandt’s.
B. Botticelli’s.
C. Rubens’.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a library.
B. In a law firm.
C. On a train.
14. By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?
A. March.
B. August.
C. October
15. Why did John quit his part-time job?
A. He had to catch up with his study.
B. He was offered a better one.
C. He got tired of it.
16. What is Susan's attitude to John’s problem?
A. Carefree.
B. Understanding.
C. Forgiving.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What did the speaker do before the year 2012?
A.A fitness coach.
B.A chess player.
C.A marathon runner.
18. Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?
A. He was motivated by Bolt.
B. He broke a world record.
C. He won fifth place.
19. Which is the hardest for the speaker?
A. Getting over an injury.
B. Doing strength training.
C. Representing Botswana.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. His plan to go for the gold.
B. His experience on the track.
C. His love for his home country.
【答案】 1~5 BCBAC 6~10 ACACA 11~15 ACCBA 16~20 BBCAB
第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像畫) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
AnIntroductiontoRaeburn Sunday26Oct.,15.00 DUNCANTHOMSON | Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries Thursday30Oct.,13.10 JUDYEGERTON |
CharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn’sPortraits Thursday6Nov.,13.10 NICHOLASPHILLIPSON | RaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe18thCentury Thursday13Nov.,13.10 MARTINPOSTLE |
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. The is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January
Admission
?4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ?2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
21. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?
A. Sun. 26 Oct.
B. Thurs.30 Oct.
C. Thurs. 6 Nov.
D. Thurs. 13 Nov.
22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A. ?4.
B. ?8.
C. ?12.
D. ?16.
23. How can full-time students get group discounts?
A. They should go on Sunday mornings.
B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers.
D. They must have ID cards with them.
【答案】21~23 BBC
【解析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了蘇格蘭畫家畫展的一些情況。
21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Lecture Series小標題下的內(nèi)容“Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10”可知，答案為B。
22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission小標題下的內(nèi)容“?4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.”可知，一個成年人帶著一個12歲以下的孩子是免費的，而題目中是一對夫婦帶著一個孩子，因此多出來的成人需要付?8，故選B。
23.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話“A special low entrance charge of ?2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.”可知，如果老師組團帶學生一起，可獲得相應折扣，故選C。
B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牽涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (堅忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school.
B. To study American history.
C. To write a book.
D. To do sightseeing.
25. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A. They enjoyed much respect.
B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the local kids.
D. They suffered severe hardships.
26. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate of Auburn.
B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies.
D. The natural beauty of the West.
27. What is the text?
A. A news report.
B. A book review.
C. A children’s story.
D. A diary entry.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B
【解析】本文為說明文，介紹了Dorothy Wickenden寫了一本關(guān)于自己的(外)祖母Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood年輕時去貧困山區(qū)支教的書，作者簡單介紹了這本書的情節(jié)并對這本書加以贊許。
24. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood —traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知，這兩位富家女孩去到落基山脈是為了在當?shù)匾凰鶎W校教書，故選A。
25. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning”可知，這兩個女孩在支教時受了不少苦，故選D。
26. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牽涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.”可知，Wickenden書中最令人毛骨悚然的部分是關(guān)于在落基山脈修建鐵路的部分，故選C。
27. 文章來源題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden”，第四段的開頭“In Wickenden’s book”和最后一段的開頭“Wickenden is a very good storyteller.”可知，整篇文章都在圍繞Wickenden這本書展開敘述，所以是一篇書評，故選B。
C
Can a small group of drones (無人機) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety.
B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair.
D. Construction of infrastructure.
30. What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning.
B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews.
D. To accelerate transportation.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. D
【解析】本文為說明文，從多方面介紹了無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來。
28. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure...”可知，無人機在已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。它們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查鐵軌和鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的其他重要方面，所以是無人機在檢查電線的使用使得無人機成為在鐵軌上的應用成為可能，故選A。
29. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后一句中的“...20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知，僅歐洲鐵路公司一年就在鐵路維護上花費了大約200億歐元，包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，所以無人機在鐵軌的使用能大大降低維修成本，故選C。
30. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句“Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.”可知，配備了先進傳感器和人工智能的小型無人機可以像副駕駛員實時監(jiān)測，并發(fā)出問題的信號，所以鐵軌無人機的作用是提供早期預警。故選A。
31. 標題歸納題。通讀全文，文章從降低鐵軌維修成本，協(xié)助員工危險作業(yè)以及提供預警等方面介紹了無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來，故選D。
D
The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ?520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ?240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (設(shè)施) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
32. Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.
C. To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education.
33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products.
C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.
34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.
35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.
【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，講述政府通過征收飲料糖稅來控制兒童的攝糖量從而幫助減少肥胖，并且達到了很好的效果。
32. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“the tax...was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity”可知，糖稅政策被引進的作用是為減少兒童肥胖，即C項“保護兒童健康”符合題意，故選C。
33. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax.”可知一些飲料公司減少了產(chǎn)品的含糖量來應對糖稅，故選D。
34. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax”以及第五段第二句中的“Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax”可知，Classic Coca Cola需要繳納糖稅，故選D。
35. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句中的“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having”可知，糖稅政策有積極的影響，故選B。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (聯(lián)系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36 .
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
40 , but long-distance friendships -even close ones -may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾個保持長久友誼的方式。
36. 根據(jù)該空所在小標題“Set a regular date”即設(shè)定一個定期的時間，以及該空前面講到在忙碌的生活中，擠出時間來打電話是很難的，所以該空應該是要解決這個問題，即D項“嘗試找到一個適合你們倆的時間并堅持下去”符合語境，故選D。
37. 根據(jù)該空前面“what method works best for you both”以及后面“There are alternatives to constant written communication...”可知該空處需講到關(guān)鍵詞methods，E項中的methods跟前面的復現(xiàn)，且呼應后面講到的“constant written communication...等各種方式，故選E。
38. 根據(jù)該空小標題“Practise empathy”可知這段的建議是讓我們訓練共情能力，且該段講到朋友離開或是留下兩種情況，G項中的“who left or the one who was left behind”與之對應，而C項“成為一個友誼守護者也是有幫助的”不符合該段主旨內(nèi)容，故選G。
39. 根據(jù)該空所在位置為小標題可知這里需要祈使句，那么鎖定選項A以及B，再根據(jù)該段內(nèi)容主要講述長久的友誼中一些儀式感比如周年、生日等很重要，A項中的“important dates”對應那些節(jié)日，B項與該段主旨不符，故選A。
40. 根據(jù)該空所在小標題“Don’t rely on technology alone”可知此段建議是不要只依賴于科技，且其后講到但是長久的友誼甚至是親密的關(guān)系也需要有意識的努力去維持。F項“雖然通過社交媒體能夠輕易讓我們有一些聯(lián)系感”跟后面“but”連接的句子邏輯通順，且句中的“social media”跟小標題中的“technology”相對應，故選F。
第三部分 語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about __41__ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably __42__ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies__43__.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was __44__ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our __45__ research results in child developmental psychology __46__ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each __47__ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or __48__. We then asked the child if she could __49__ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same __50__ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: __51__ children said that they couldn’t __52__ to her.
A number of __53__ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects __54__ the questions and knew __55__ what was asked of them. Their __56__ to the questions reflected their true __57__ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply __58__ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our __59__ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method __60__ when others use it.
41. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
53. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
【答案】41~45 CBADC 46~50CBDAB 51~55 BACAD 56~60ABCDD
【解析】本文為一篇說明文。介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們雖然很不擅長玩躲貓貓游戲，但是這并不是因為他們以自我為中心，而是由他們的觀念決定的。
41. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)空后“someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.”可知，孩子們應該是很享受別人看不到他們的，因此此處應該是指逃離他人目光的感覺，following“跟隨”，taking“帶走”，escaping“逃離”，directing“引導”，故選C。
42. 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)文章首句“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知小孩子非常喜歡玩躲貓貓，再根據(jù)空前關(guān)鍵詞“However”可知，此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，雖然他們很喜歡，但是他們并不擅長，clever“聰明的”，bad“不擅長的”，scared“害怕的”，quick“快速的”，故選B。
43. 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空前的“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知孩子們通常只用手蓋住它們的眼睛，因此，可推斷其他身體部位都是暴露在外的，exposed“暴露的”，examined“檢查過的”，untouched“未觸碰的”，imbalanced“不平衡的”，故選A。
44. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該空所在句“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ... as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.”可知這種無效的躲貓貓方式被詮釋為孩子們是以自我為中心的生物，supported“支持”，guaranteed“確?！?，imagined“想象”，interpreted“詮釋”，故選D。
45. 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空前的“But”可知此處應與上文所表述意思相反，因此研究結(jié)果應該是令人驚訝的，disappointing“令人失望的”，mixed“混合的”，surprising“令人驚訝的”，desired“渴望的”，故選C。
46. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上一空前的“But”和此空后的“that idea”可知，此處應該是指研究結(jié)果與大家最初的設(shè)想相矛盾，explained“解釋”，confirmed“確認”，contradicted“相矛盾”，tested“測試”，故選C。
47. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空前“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知他們帶了一些2-4歲的孩子來參與實驗，因此此處應該是孩子和成人一起進行實驗，parent“父母親”，child“孩子”，researcher“研究人員”，doctor“醫(yī)生”，故選B。
48. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空前“who covered her own eyes or”和49空后“or hear the adult.”可知，這里對應的應該是下文的“hear”，feet“雙腳”，nose“鼻子”，hands“雙手”，ears“耳朵”，故選D。
49. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)48空前“who covered her own eyes or ...”可知，此處對應前文的“eyes”，see“看見”，help“幫助”，reach“達到”，fool“愚弄”，故選A。
50. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)該空所在句“The same ... happened when the adult covered her own mouth:”以及上文可知，當成年人遮住自己某個身體部位時，孩子會下意識地以為自己這個身體部位的功能也被限制了，當遮住嘴巴的時候，同樣的事情又發(fā)生了，event“事件，大事”，thing“事情，情況”，action“行動”，accident“意外”，故選B。
51. 考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文“...happened when the adult covered her own mouth:”可知，成年人嘗試遮住了嘴巴，而現(xiàn)在，又發(fā)生了新的情況，Yet“然而”，Now“現(xiàn)在”，Soon“不久”，Once“曾經(jīng)”，故選B。
52. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，成年人遮住了嘴巴，孩子也下意識地以為自己不能說話了，speak“說話”，listen“聽”，turn“轉(zhuǎn)身”，wave“揮手”，故選A。
53. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空后的“ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，此處是指一些實驗排除了孩子們誤解了他們需要做的事情這一觀點，instructions“指令”，descriptions“描述”，experiments“實驗”，assumptions“假設(shè)”，故選C。
54. 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)該空上下文“Our young subjects ... the questions and knew”可知這些孩子理解了這些問題，并知道自己該做什么，comprehended“理解”，predicted“預測”，explored“探索”，ignored“忽略”，故選A。
55. 考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)空前的“knew”和空后的“what was asked of them.”可知，他們很清楚地知道自己需要做什么，partly“部分地”，honestly“誠實地”，vaguely“模糊地”，exactly“確切地”，故選D。
56. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空后的“to the questions reflected their true”可知此處是指他們的反應顯示了他們真實的想法，responses“反應”，approaches“方法”，contribution“貢獻”，sensitivity“敏感”，故選A。
57. 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空后的“that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.””可知此處是指孩子們的反應顯示了他們認為只有你看得見我我才能看得見你這種信念，ability“能力”，belief“信念”，identity “身份”，purpose“目的”，故選B。
58. 考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)本句“They simply ... mutual (相互的) recognition and regard.”結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容，可知此處是指孩子們只是堅持相互認可和尊重，hold back“抑制，阻止”，relate to“聯(lián)系”，insist on“堅持”，make up“編造”，故選C。
59.考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)前文的“The results were clear:”可知他們通過實驗獲得了一些結(jié)果，這些結(jié)果給了他們新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，limitations“限制”，requirements“要求”，theories“理論”，findings“結(jié)果”，故選D。
60. 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段第一句“For a long time, this ineffective hiding method”可知，此處是指研究表明孩子們常用的無效躲貓貓方法在他們自己看來其實是有效的，tentative“試探性的”，impressive“令人印象深刻的”，creative“有創(chuàng)意的”，effective“有效的”，故選D。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially __61___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62__ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society __63__ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the __64__ (large) tea-producing country, China has a __65___ (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a __66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (發(fā)布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68__ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ___70__ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth-A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】
61. by 62. the 63. addressed 64. largest 65. responsibility
66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 70. its
【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了5月21日舉辦的第一屆國際茶日以及相關(guān)活動。
61. 考查介詞。根據(jù)空前的“was named officially”和空后的“the United Nations”可知，聯(lián)國際茶日這個名稱是歐盟官方命名的。故填by。
62. 考查冠詞。根據(jù)第一句提及的“the first International Tea Day”可知，此處特指國際茶日這個節(jié)日，故填the。
63. 考查動詞。根據(jù)本段結(jié)尾的“he said”可知，在開幕式致辭演講已是過去發(fā)生的，故填addressed。
64. 考查形容詞。根據(jù)空前的“the”可知，此處應填形容詞的最高等級形式，故填largest。
65. 考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的“a”可知，該空填的應是名詞形式，故填responsibility。
66. 考查形容詞。根據(jù)空前的“a”和空后的“future”可知，該空需填形容詞用以修飾future，故填shared。
67. 考查并列連詞。根據(jù)空前后的“promote international cooperation...cultural exchanges”可知，此處表示促進國際合作和文化交流，故填and。
68. 考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)(不缺謂語動詞)和句意可知，此處表示目的，故填To strengthen。
69. 考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)(不缺謂語動詞)和句意可知，該空也應填非謂語動詞形式，且invite后帶賓語，故此處的invite應為主動動作。故填inviting。
70. 考查物主代詞。根據(jù)空后的“first exhibition”可知，此處用形容詞性物主代詞限定exhibition，故填its。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文，文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(^)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(/)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
【解析】
71. 考查形容詞。句意：我們都知道騎行是一種非常好的運動。此處greatly應改為great，用形容詞修飾名詞。
72. 考查主謂一致。句意：一位醫(yī)生告訴我，活得最長的人是舞者和騎行者。此處定語從句先行詞為people，因此從句內(nèi)謂語動詞應用復數(shù)，故需去掉lives中的s。
73. 考查介詞短語。句意：也許這是因為新鮮空氣、流暢的運動和鍛煉的結(jié)合。此處because 后為原因狀語，而非原因狀語從句，故需加上介詞of。
74. 考查連詞。句意：當你騎自行車的時候，你不會使用汽油。此處表示“當”，因此需用When替代Whether。
75. 考查人稱代詞。句意：所以你沒有產(chǎn)生二氧化碳也沒有造成空氣污染。此處they應該改為you，因為前文提到y(tǒng)ou don’t use petrol。
76. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：所以你沒有產(chǎn)生二氧化碳也沒有造成空氣污染。此處cause和producing并列，形式需保持一致，故將cause改成causing。
77. 考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：看看車子是如何掌控城市的。此處have been taken over為現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，應去掉been，改為主動語態(tài)。
78. 考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞的用法。句意：汽車通常飛速駛過，這會將我們的生命置于危險之地。此處為非限定性定語從句，修飾前面整個主句，因此應該將what改為which。
79. 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：還有堵車。此處應該與全文時態(tài)一致，將were改為are。
80. 考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：如果我們用自行車代替汽車，我們的世界將會變得更加美好。此處bicycle應與前面的cars保持一致，改為復數(shù)bicycles。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(滿分25分)
學校英文報正在開展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom為題的討論。請使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1.學習活動狀況描述：
2.簡單評論;
3.你的建議。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右;
2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。
【審題思路】
本篇屬于話題類，應該使用第一、三人稱，學校英文報正在開展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom為題的討論。請使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：①學習活動狀況描述：②簡單評論;③你的建議。在寫作時，首先根據(jù)寫作要求確定關(guān)鍵詞(組)，如：account for(在數(shù)量占)，various of(各種各樣的)等;其次，根據(jù)提示和關(guān)鍵詞(組)進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。最后，連句成文，注意話題類作文的格式及串聯(lián)過渡用語，同時盡量使用熟悉的詞匯及短語，尤其注意不要出現(xiàn)中式英語，并在力所能及的范圍內(nèi)使用復句、高級句式等，以增加亮點。書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。
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