高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)高中英語知識要點(diǎn)
與高一高二不同之處在于，此時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)力學(xué)部分知識是為了更好的與高考考綱相結(jié)合，尤其水平中等或中等偏下的學(xué)生，此時(shí)需要進(jìn)行查漏補(bǔ)缺，但也需要同時(shí)提升能力，填補(bǔ)知識、技能的空白。接下來是小編為大家整理的高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)，希望大家喜歡!
高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)一
什么是副詞?
指出句中的副詞：
1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修飾副詞“farther”表示程度 farther修飾動詞“move”表示方式
2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修飾動詞goes，表示頻度、頻率
3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修飾整個(gè)句子
4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修飾形容詞，表示程度修飾形容詞hot，修飾形容詞
高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)二
介詞的英語全稱為“preposition”是由“前綴pre-(在……前部)+position(位置)”構(gòu)成的，所以又叫前置詞。一般放在名詞、代詞或動名詞的前面。
介詞是虛詞，主要用來表示人、物、事件等與其他人、物、事件之間的關(guān)系,如空間位置、時(shí)間先后、因果關(guān)系、方式方法等。介詞與其賓語構(gòu)成介詞短語?？勺鹘樵~賓語的主要有名詞、代詞、動名詞(或動名詞短語)、名詞性從句等。
一. 介詞的分類
分類特點(diǎn)例詞簡單介詞即一個(gè)介詞about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on等等。合成介詞由兩個(gè)介詞構(gòu)成的合成詞into, onto, throughout, upon, within短語介詞由短語構(gòu)成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。雙重介詞由兩個(gè)介詞搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。分詞介詞由現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來considering(就……而論), including，regarding，concerning等。兼類介詞由形容詞直接轉(zhuǎn)化而來like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。
二. 介詞短語的語法功能
介詞不能獨(dú)立在句中做成份，介詞后必須與名詞、代詞、或動名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分，表示人、物、事件等與其它人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。
介詞短語的功能例 句作定語They didn’t find the solution to the problem.作狀語We have breakfast at seven.(表時(shí)間)They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(表原因)What do you mean by doing such a thing?(表方法)Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表?xiàng)l件)作表語When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home.作賓語補(bǔ)足語I found the old building in a bad condition.
三. 容易混淆的介詞固定搭配的詞組
類 型舉 例差一冠詞，大相徑庭in front of(在……前面)——in the front of(在……前部)in charge of(負(fù)責(zé))——in the charge of(由……負(fù)責(zé))out of question(毫無疑問)——out of the question(不可能)at table(在吃飯;在吃飯時(shí))——at the table(在桌子旁邊)有無介詞，意義不同know sb.認(rèn)識某人——know about sb.了解某人shoot sb.擊中某人——shoot at sb.向某人射擊search sb.搜身——search for sb.搜尋某人believe sb.相信某人的話——believe in sb.信任某人的人格benefit sb.使某人受益——benefit from sb.從某人那里得到益處畫蛇添足，誤加介詞serve the people 為人民服務(wù)(容易在serve后加for)enter the room 進(jìn)入房間(容易在enter后加into)follow me 跟在我后面(容易在follow后加behind)marry sb. 與某人結(jié)婚(容易在marry后加with)go abroad 出國(容易在go后面加to)live upstairs 住在樓上(容易在live后面加 in)母語思維，誤用介詞be caught in the rain 被雨淋著(不用by)leave for some place 動身去某地(不用to)set an example to sb.為某人樹立榜樣(不用for)in the direction 朝著……方向(不用to)do a favor for sb. 幫某人一個(gè)忙(不用to)different from 和……不同(不用with)with the help of 在……的幫助下(不用under)steal sth. from sb.偷某人的東西(不用of)read sth. to sb. 給(為)……讀(念)……(不用for)
高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)三
句型1
would rather that somebody did…"寧愿……;更愿意……"(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?
would rather that somebody had done…"寧愿……;更愿意……"(表示過去的愿望)
[例句]
I'd rather you posted the letter right now.
我想讓你現(xiàn)在去寄信。
I'd rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together.
我到情愿你不是個(gè)知名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時(shí)間在一起。
句型2
as if/though+主語+did/had done…好像……(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r用過去時(shí);表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí))[參考句型4]
[例句]
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there
Alan談起羅馬來就好像他去過那里似的。
句型3
"wish +賓語從句"，表示不大 可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
表示現(xiàn)在的愿望：主語+過去時(shí);
表示過去的愿望：主語+had done;
表示將來的愿望：主語+would/could do
[例句]
How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我們學(xué)生多么希望有更多的自由時(shí)間放松自己!
句型4
It's high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就該……
[例句]
It's high time that we did something to improve our environment. 該是我們?yōu)榄h(huán)保做些事情了。
I think it's high time that she made up her mind. 我想她該拿定主意了。
句型5
情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式完成結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
could have done "本來可以……"(表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能)。
might have done "本來可能……;本來應(yīng)該或可以做某事"(實(shí)際沒有發(fā)生;含有輕微的責(zé)備語氣。
should/ought to have done "本來該做某事"(而實(shí)際未做)
should not/ought not to have done "本來不該做"(實(shí)際卻做過了，含有責(zé)備語氣)
needn't have done "本來不必做"(但是已經(jīng)做過了)
would rather have done "當(dāng)時(shí)寧愿做了某事"(實(shí)際沒有做過);否定式would rather not have done表達(dá)相反意思，兩者都有表示"后悔"之意。
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高中英語知識要點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)高中英語知識要點(diǎn)
